Books by Federal Highway Administration

Most experienced trail crews try to avoid wetlands because of the construction and maintenance problems they pose. Little has been published on wetland trail construction, and materials that are available are often outmoded or are too regionally focused. By pulling this information together from our experiences, we hope to answer questions you didn't even know you had. In this manual we have described the common techniques for building a wetland trail. We have also included information on some of the more unusual materials and tools. Some of the techniques and tools we describe are suitable for wilderness situations where mechanized equipment cannot be used. Others are suitable for urban greenbelts where a wider range of techniques, material, and equipment can be used. Somewhere in between are the back-country sites where machines are permitted, but access and logistics are challenges. Although this book is written for wetland trails, the techniques described can also be used for correcting other poorly drained low areas in existing trails. The manual is written for those who are untrained and inexperienced in wetland trail construction, but those with experience may learn a few things, too.

This book is FHWA's primary reference of recommended design and procurement procedures for shallow foundations. It presents state-of-the-practice guidance on the design of shallow foundation support of highway bridges. The information is intended to be practical in nature, and to especially encourage the cost-effective use of shallow foundations bearing on structural fills. To the greatest extent possible, the document coalesces the research, development and application of shallow foundation support for transportation structures over the last several decades. Detailed design examples are provided for shallow foundations in several bridge support applications according to both Service Load Design (Appendix B) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (Appendix C) methodologies. Guidance is also provided for shallow foundation applications for minor structures and buildings associated with transportation projects.

This book presents state-of-the-practice information on the design and installation of cement-grouted ground anchors and anchored systems for highway applications. The anchored systems discussed include flexible anchored walls, slopes supported using ground anchors, landslide stabilization systems, and structures that incorporate tiedown anchors. This book draws extensively in describing issues such as subsurface investigation and laboratory testing, basic anchoring principles, ground anchor load testing, and inspection of construction materials and methods used for anchored systems. This book provides detailed information on design analyses for ground anchored systems. Topics discussed include selection of design earth pressures, ground anchor design, design of corrosion protection system for ground anchors, design of wall components to resist lateral and vertical loads, evaluation of overall anchored system stability, and seismic design of anchored systems. Also included in this book are two detailed design examples and technical specifications for ground anchors and for anchored walls.

This manual provides state-of-the-practice methods and techniques to assist the highway engineer in the planning, design, and construction monitoring of dynamic compaction to improve the load supporting capacity of weak foundation soils. Guidelines are presented for: completing a preliminary evaluation to determine if dynamic compaction is appropriate for the site and subsurface conditions detailed design for site improvement preparation of a specification construction monitoring Two case histories of actual projects are presented to demonstrate the use of the guidelines.

ntroduction to Highway Hydraulics provides an introduction to highway hydraulics. Hydrologic techniques presented concentrate on methods suitable to small areas, since many components of highway drainage (culverts, storm drains, ditches, etc) service primarily small areas. A brief review of fundamental hydraulic concepts is provided, including continuity, energy, momentum, hydrostatics, weir flow and orifice flow. The book then presents open channel flow principles and design applications, followed by a parallel discussion of closed conduit principles and design applications. Open channel applications include discussion of stable channel design and pavement drainage. Closed conduit applications include culvert and storm drain design. Examples are provided to help illustrate important concepts. An overview of energy dissipators is provided and the document concludes with a brief discussion of construction, maintenance and economic issues. As the title suggests, Introduction to Highway Hydraulics provides only an introduction to the design of highway drainage facilities and should be particularly useful for designers and engineers without extensive drainage training or experience.

This edition of Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 12 incorporates new design charts and procedures developed from laboratory tests of interception capacities and efficiencies of highway pavement drainage in- lets. A chart for the solution of the kinematic wave equation for overland flow and a new chart for the solution of Manning's equation for triangular channels are provided. Charts and procedures for using the charts are provided for 7 grate types, slotted drain inlets, curb- opening inlets, and combination inlets on grade and in sump locations. Charts, tables, and example problem solutions are included in the text where introduced and discussed. The text includes discussion of the effects of roadway geometry on pavement drainage; the philosophy of design frequency and design spread selection; storm runoff estimating methods; flow in gutters; pavement drainage inlets, factors affecting capacity and efficiency, and comparisons of interception capacity; median inlets; embankment inlets; and bridge deck inlets. Five appendixes are included with discussion of the development of rainfall intensity-duration-frequency curves and equations, mean velocity in a reach of triangular channel with unsteady flow, the development of gutter capacity curves for compound and parabolic roadway sections, and the development of design charts for grates of specific size and bar configuration.