Books by Khaldoun Samman

"A remarkable and original discussion of three great sacred cities across time, and their transformation by nationalism in the modern world." Immanuel Wallerstein, Yale University

To understand the Middle East we must also understand how the West produced a temporal narrative of world history in which westemers placed themselves on top and all others below them. This book shows how Arabs, Muslims, Turks, and Jews absorbed, revised, yet remained loyal to this Western vision.

Offers an understanding of Islam and Islamic societies' role and relations to global cultural and economic realities. This book offers a portrait of Islamic societies and challenges the belief that Islam is not part of, nor much affected by, the modern world-system.