Books by Liesbet (University of North Carolina Hooghe

What kind of Europe does the European Commission want? Should the EU be supranational or intergovernmental? Should the Commission be Europe's government or civil service? Based on interviews with 137 top Commission officials, Hooghe finds that the Commission is no less divided on European integration than Europe's leaders and citizens.

Measures and explains the formal authority of intermediate or regional general-purpose government in 42 countries from 1950 to 2006. Yielding a complex mosaic of scores across countries and time, the authors identify some simple and fundamental patterns.