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Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion family Alliaceae. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and rakkyo. Garlic has been used throughout history for both culinary and medicinal purposes.The antidiabetic effect of garlic ethanolic extract (Allium sativum L.) was investigated in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. It is concluded that the plant must be considered as excellent candidate for future studies on diabetes mellitus.Garlic is a broad spectrum antibiotic, killing a wide variety of bacteria.The present results showed that garlic and onion juices exerted antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects and consequently may alleviate liver and renal damage caused by alloxan induced diabetes.It has been shown that garlic (Allium sativum) extract modulates immune responses.Macrophage activation is required to establish control of the intracellular infection and progressivedisease of leishmaniasis.A study was designed to elucidate the antihypertensive effect of garlic in the two-kidney¿one-clip (2K-1C)Goldblatt model.
Serious infections caused by bacteria that have become resistant to commonly used antibiotics has become a major global healthcare problem in the 21st century. Researchers are still trying to figure out the new antibiotics to meet this challenge. Streptomyces are the good source of antibiotics. Based on its morphological, physiological, biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequence MARS-5 was distinct from other meber of streptomcyes. 16S rRNA gene generated in this work was compared with 16S rRNA gene sequence of other organism retrieved from the EMBL/gene bank dataset. The nearest are being of Streptomyces caelestis with 98.7%. With Streptomyces caelestis our isolated organism has a distinct morphological and cultural difference. Thus, strain MARS-5 as the type strain of a new streptomyces and we proposed a name Streptomcyes ruparajensis. It was found that the maximum production of antimicrobial compound from the organism in Czapex-Dox-alkaline broth medium. The compound MAR-5 has slight antimicrobial activity against a group of the bacteria but it has no antifungal activity.
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