Books by Ramaraj Ravi

Packet switching is a rapid store-and-forward networking design that divides messages into arbitrary packets. Using this, a Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a secured way of connecting a Local Area Network (LAN) to another at a remote location. The VPN uses authentication to deny access to unauthorized users, and encryption to prevent unauthorized users from reading the private network packets. Normal Restoration algorithm (ARA) provides protection on disjoined nodes or paths from the point of failure to the destination. Provisioning & Restoration Algorithm (PRA) combines & optimises the capacity allocation on an end-to-end basis, to satisfy the QoS constraints. Better quality of service is achieved by PRA algorithms. The primary bandwidth is the one on the path under the non-failure case. The additional bandwidth are needed on the alternative paths under the node or link failure case. It is called protected bandwidth. A 20 steps algorithm in this research proposes a combination of the provisioning and restoration to achieve better results than the ones obtained by independent methods. What is next? It is ¿Electronic Telepathy¿. A practical model is designed and proposed !!!

Early problem in the issue of connecting separate physical networks to form one logical network was solved by packet-switching method for information. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a secured way of connecting a Local Area Network (LAN) to another in a remote location, using the packet-switching technology. VPN protocol encapsulates network data transfers using a secured cryptographic method between two or more networked devices. It keeps the data private when it passes through the connecting nodes. Quality of service(QoS) connections require the existence of routing mechanisms with least cost, delay & failures. This is achieved by providing, a set of alternative paths for each primary QoS path. This needs a guaranteed of Adjustment Restoration Algorithm (ARA). This research work has generated a 14 steps ARA, based on Barabasi-Albert Model Topology for a Network Size of 10 Nodes, using the Growth Attachment Mechanism. For comparison/evaluation, Waxman and Barabasi-Albert Models are used, with Symmetric & Asymmetric cases. In this tested and implemented model, the cost & delay are significantly smaller, quality of service constraints & delay factor is better than other models.

The key technology to connect each node (computer) to the internet is ¿Virtual Private Network (VPN)¿. One has to hire a modem supported link or VPN from a third party service provider, by paying a izeable service charge. The units to evaluate the quality of a VPN are Bandwidth, Process speed, Message pocket loss factor, Safety & Security of the data etc.. How to evaluate a VPN with reference to these complex factors and justify the Cost with Benefits gained ? This book reviews the past and current contributions to VPNs, evaluates them, with reference to Barbasi-Albert and Waxman topological standards (widely accepted and recognized international standards). Supported by these analysis, their contributions, through Research extensions and Development, the author has developed an innovative and new provisioning algorithm called ¿COPVA¿ This is an original and exclusive design of the author, implemented and tested with Barbasi-Albert and Waxman standards. This opens a new approach to build a self designed VPN with optimized quality components. This has an unique, immense and valuable contribution to the universe of VPNs !!