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This new combination volume of three-books-in-one, dealing with the topic of artifacts in behavioral research, was designed as both introduction and reminder. It was designed as an introduction to the topic for graduate students, advanced undergraduates, and younger researchers. It was designed as a reminder to more experienced researchers, in and out of academia, that the problems of artifacts in behavioral research, that they may have learned about as beginningresearchers, have not gone away. For example, problems of experimenter effects have not been solved. Experimenters still differ in the ways in which they see, interpret, and manipulate their data. Experimenters still obtain different responses from research participants (human or infrahuman) as a function of experimenters' states and traits of biosocial, psychosocial, and situational origins. Experimenters' expectations still serve too often as self-fulfilling prophecies, a problem that biomedical researchers have acknowledged and guarded against better than have behavioral researchers; e.g., many biomedical studies would be considered of unpublishable quality had their experimenters not been blind to experimental condition. Problems of participant or subject effects have also not been solved. We usually still draw our research samples from a population of volunteers that differ along many dimensions from those not finding their way into our research. Research participants are still often suspicious of experimenters' intent, try to figure out what experimenters are after, and are concerned about what the experimenter thinks of them.
Paradise is Santa Barbara, California, where in the early 1980s the beautiful, affluent city faced the problem of what to do with the 'street people'. Explaining the author's work with the Homeless People's Project in Santa Barbara, this title portrays agents attempting to preserve networks and obtain resources essential for managing homelessness.
This book examines contrast analysis, which permits asking more focused questions of data. Through simple computations, greater statistical power and clearer substantive interpretations are the result. This book makes it possible for non-mathematical data analysts to simply and efficiently address the focused questions posed by their theories, hypotheses and hunches.
Researchers, teachers of research methods and graduate students will be familiar with the principles and procedures of contrast analysis included here, but will also be presented for the first time with a series of newly developed concepts, measures, and indices that permit a more useful application of contrast analysis.
Considers meta-analytic procedures (the quantitative summary of a research domain) in sufficient detail for readers either to carry them out for themselves, or evaluate the procedures when used by others and offers advice about the applicability of these techniques to specific research questions.
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