Books by Stephen Blaha

This book is a supplement to Unification of the Seven Boson Interactions based on the Riemann-Christoffel Curvature Tensor ... (I). Together these works provide a unified picture of the boson sector of The Theory of Everything: vector bosons, gravitation and Higgs bosons.

A unified Theory of Gravity, ElectroMagnetism and the Strong Interactions. Solves quark confinement, gravity anomalies at galactic distance, and possibly the proton spin puzzle.

Derives the form of The Extended Standard Model with 192 Fermions and shows that particle interactions can be united with Omega-Symmetry.

This technical book introduces an extension to our Theory of Everything in which we unify the Strong Interaction and Gravitation sectors. This sub-theory unifies color confinement and MOND - Modified Newtonian Gravity - in one relatively simple lagrangian formulation. The basic rationales for this unification is the simple fact that the Strong Interactions and General Relativity are the only interactions without broken symmetry, and also the closeness of the strength of the Strong Interaction and Gravitation when properly viewed. This higher derivative theory yields quark (color) confinement explicitly with a linear potential. It is consistent with the Charmonium spectrum potential of the Cornell group. The gravitation sector yields the usual Newtonian potential plus two very, light gravitons that modify the extreme long distance behavior of gravity at the galactic level. It well approximates MOND modifications of gravity at galactic distances. The present work extends the previous study through the introduction of a yet higher derivative lagrangian term with major consequences.

In this book we range over the features of the pseudoquantum Higgs Mechanism. We begin by describing the -new- pseudoquantum scalar boson theory and then describe important applications of the theory in our Theory of Everything. We discuss the pseudoquantum Higgs Mechanism (which is easily mapped to the conventional Higgs Mechanism) for Generation group contributions to fermion and gauge boson masses, and for the Layer group contributions as well in detail. We show that Higgs particles may originate in complex ElectroWeak gauge fields which are made real by the extraction of phases. Then gauge fields are real-valued as usually assumed. In the case of Strong Interaction gauge fields we find that we cannot extract Higgs particles because Strong Interaction gauge fields are inherently complex since they are functions of complex coordinates in our Extended Standard Model. Thus Strong gauge fields are necessarily massless. Our pseudoquantum approach is also shown to imply a local Arrow of Time, the special role of inertial reference frames, and inertial mass equals gravitational mass (formerly an assumed principle - now a result of complex General Relativity when decomposed to real General Relativity and Higgs fields). We describe the full set of fermion Higgs mass contributions: from the ElectroWeak sector, from complex General Relativity, from the Generation group (which also yields the four generations of fermions), and from the Layer group which yields four layers of fermions. Higgs contributions to gauge fields' masses are also described in detail. The Periodic Table of Fermions is described, and its interactions and Higgs masses are found. As noted in our earlier books it gives the proportion of Dark Matter in the universe to be 83.33% - a result in close agreement with astrophysical estimates. Recent studies of the proportion of Dark matter in the universe have yielded two estimates: 84.5% by Aghanim et al in Astronomy and Astrophysics 1303;5062 and 81.5% from a NASA fit to various models. Since there is continuing speculation about mass values changing in time (and perhaps in locale) we show our pseudoquantized Higgs Mechanism supports space-time dependent masses should they be found. We also describe our Higgs Mechanism formalism for the eight coupling constants. Again the mechanism can support constant coupling constants as well as space-time dependent coupling constants (a continuing speculation). We show that the coherent field formulation of the pseudoquantum vacuum states enables us to see that all known coupling constants (including gravity) emerge from constants that are all about one in value! Layer group mass mixing is described in detail as it introduces the somewhat unfamiliar concept of mass mixing between generations in the four layers. Similarly, the unusual pattern of Layer group interactions is described using a new triplet notation for fermion species s, layer l, and generation g: (s, l, g) that uniquely specifies each of the 192 fermions in our Theory of Everything. We define a non-Abelian pseudoquantum theory that supports non-zero gauge field vacuum expectation values - non-Abelian - Higgs particles and -almost- classical non-Abelian gauge fields. These almost classical gauge fields may be relevant in the study of the quark-gluon plasma that has been created at Brookhaven and CERN recently. The book ends with a description of a pseudoquantum spin 1 boson theory which can support the Higgs Mechanism.

This technical book describes the origin of the U(4) Layer group in our Theory of Everything - a U(4) symmetry that leads to three new duplicates of the known spectrum of fermions - quarks and leptons, and of gauge and Higgs bosons. It brings the number of distinct fermions to 192 arrayed in four layers with four generations in each layer. It defines an Equipartition Principle for fermions that leads to an 83.33% Dark Matter percentage in the universe in accord with astrophysical estimates.

A description of a new model of Elementary Particles, its Supersymmetry, and the logic of constructing elementary particle theories.

This technical book points out shortcomings in the Higgs Mechanism and suggests a new mechanism. In doing so it shows that the origin of the Higgs particles is intimately associated with the gauge fields to which it gives masses. In addition a new form of Higgs field is proposed that has retarded asymptotic propagators. It suggest these propagators are the local source of the Arrow of Time. All matter has mass due to this mechanism. All matter interacts with retarded Higgs fields. The cumulative result is a macroscopic Arrow of Time. In addition, massive Higgs particles have a unique preferred rest frame. All inertial reference frames are obtained from it via Lorentz transformations. The result is that inertial reference frames have a preferred status in Special Relativity. Using the mass generation mechanism presented in this book it shows 1) The origin of Higgs particles is the complex gauge fields made real-valued in The Extended Standard Model, except for the strong interactions whose gauge fields are necessarily complex in The Extended Standard Model; 2) Particle mass generation occurs through the choice of a specific vacuum state for Higgs particles; 3) A local Arrow of Time exists which becomes the global Arrow of Time due to the ubiquitous appearance of Higgs particle contributions in all matter; 4) Inertial reference frames are preferred due to the non-zero mass of Higgs particles - the Higgs particles rest frame is the frame from which all inertial reference frames obtain their special significance. These results strongly support the use of the new mass generation mechanism. The new scalar particle theory shows that mass, the preferred inertial reference frames of Special Relativity, the Arrow of Time, and time itself are intimately related. It also shows a clear origin in complex gauge fields so that the "Higgs" sector is not a distinct addition to The Extended Standard Model but clearly intertwined with it.

This book is the second volume of Physics is Logic. It extends the discussion of volume I on the Generation group - the origin of the four fermion generations of each fermion species, and introduces new Higgs particles associated with the Generation group.It develops a new formulation of Complex General Relativity, which yields both Einstein's General Relativity and a set of new Higgs particles that contribute to the masses of fermions. One result of this new formulation is that it can be united with The Extended Standard Model to form a Theory of Everything. It also proves, within the framework of this Theory of Everything that inertial mass equals gravitational mass - a concept that has been a question of interest since Newton's time, and was much considered by Einstein and colleagues.The features of a analytically continued Complex General Relativity are also discussed in some detail.In addition the Extended Standard Model previously developed by the author is shown to be a Grand Unified Theory (GUT) if extended to ultra high energies. Its GUT symmetry is shown to be U(4) x U(4).Finally the author's proposed Megaverse of universes is discussed and the outlines of a new Megaverse Standard Model is developed. The interface between our universe and the Megaverse is described. Some points of interest include the proximity of every point of our universe to the Megaverse, the possibility of entry/exit to the Megaverse, and the possibility of quantum communication between points in our universe and points in the Megaverse.

The author's description of this technical book. Scientists and philosophers have wondered for hundreds of years about the ability of Science, and Physics in particular, to accurately be described by Mathematics. This book answers that question. The fundamental Physics theory of the universe - Elementary Particle Physics and Quantum Gravity, from which all Science is ultimately derived, is based on Logic - Asynchronous Logic in particular. Since Mathematics ultimately is based on Logic as well, we see a common source for Science and Mathematics. Their symbiotic relation is due to their common progenitor and they cannot disagree. Our derivation begins by defining 4-valued logic pre-particles called iotas that we clothe in complex space-time coordinates making "bare" fermions. We then show how the four fermion species result. From that point the book presents a detailed derivation/construction of The Extended Standard Model of the author which contains within it the known The Standard Model. It is a derivation that has a similarity of sorts with the geometry of Euclid: both introduce fundamental axioms and then proceed to develop constructs from which a complete theory of the four known interactions: Electromagnetic, Weak, Strong and gravitational emerge in a natural way from the geometry of complex space-time when it is mapped to real space-time coordinates by a group we call the Reality group. The geometry of space-time leads directly to the classification of fermions and Dark fermions each into four species: charged leptons, neutral leptons, up-type quarks and down-type quarks. It also provides a detailed description of Dark Matter: from its fundamental nature to its chemistry; and Dark Energy. It shows how to make perturbation theory calculations automatically finite (no divergences); and the beginning state of the Big Bang finite (no infinities); and how the universe's expansion is fueled.

President Obama said in the past year that the United States does not necessarily have to be the leading country in the world. This book discusses the United States position as the World's leading country: the benefits, problems, and drawbacks. It considers the impact of internal problems: unemployment, drugs, crime, violence and so on, on the leadership position of the United States. The very strong impact of serious epidemics on the US is also described. US foreign policy indecisiveness and weakness, and their impact on relations with allies and foes are detailed. We also consider specific foreign situations such as problems with Russia and China, the Ukraine, the China Seas confrontations, the possibility of a Russia-China pact to mutually support their aggressions, the Mexican and South American hidden drug wars, ISIS, the serious dilemma of dealing with Islam with the suggestion of American non-involvement as the best policy, the problem of North Korea, and the Iranian confrontation. The serious impact of current events on American freedoms, and the mounting level of eavesdropping and internal spying on Americans, is considered. We also discuss the possibility of a drift towards tyranny and Presidential dictatorship. We conclude by providing a brief evaluation of President Obama's successes and failures.

This book is a design study for a superluminal starship, driven by thrust generated by tachyonic quark particle acceleration, capable of reaching the stars in this galaxy, and ultimately in other galaxies, in short periods of earth time ranging from months to a few years. It is a further development of the starship proposal described in the book To Far Stars and Galaxies by this author with a new, simpler starship engine design, and additional detail on starship requirements for suspended animation and nuclear engines as well as construction requirements. The book proposes that the starship project can proceed far more rapidly by leveraging the investment in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN by modifying it to be a starship engine prototype after it has performed its scheduled elementary particle experiments in the next 6 - 8 years. The enormous expenditure in constructing the 27 km LHC tunnel and other supporting accelerator tunnels can be recovered by the conversion of the LHC to a starship prototype with superluminal drive, and testing starship engine concepts and performance. The starship venture is of great potential significance to the future of Mankind. The cost is relatively small; the benefits are potentially enormous.

This book is a design study for a superluminal starship, driven by thrust generated by tachyonic quark particle acceleration, capable of reaching the stars in this galaxy, and ultimately in other galaxies, in short periods of earth time ranging from months to a few years. It is a further development of the starship proposal described in the book To Far Stars and Galaxies by this author with a new, simpler starship engine design, and additional detail on starship requirements for suspended animation and nuclear engines as well as construction requirements. The book proposes that the starship project can proceed far more rapidly by leveraging the investment in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN by modifying it to be a starship engine prototype after it has performed its scheduled elementary particle experiments in the next 6 - 8 years (perhaps longer if the LHC makes major discoveries). The enormous expenditure in constructing the 27 km LHC tunnel and other supporting accelerator tunnels can be "recovered" by the conversion of the LHC to a starship prototype with superluminal drive, and testing starship engine concepts and performance. The starship venture is of great potential significance to the future of Mankind. The cost is relatively small; the benefits are potentially enormous. This book is the scientific version of "All the Universe." It has significantly more technical detail than the other version.