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Explore London Transport's transformation from monopoly in 1933 to decentralized bus services, reflecting regional changes in Greater London and beyond.London Transport was created in 1933 with monopoly powers. Not only did it have exclusive rights to run bus (and tram and trolleybus) services in the Greater London area, it also ran services in a Country Area all around London. Green Line express services linked the country towns to London and in most cases across to other country towns the other side of the metropolis. This country area extended north as far as Hitchin, east to Brentwood, south to Crawley and west to Windsor.But what of the towns at the edge of the country area? Here the green London Transport buses would meet the bus companies whose operations extended across the rest of the counties of Essex, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire etc. In some cases the town was at a node where more than one company worked in. At Luton there was a municipal fleet. Elsewhere, such as at Aylesbury there were local independent operators who had a share in the town services.It would all change from 1970 when the London Transport Country Area was transferred to the National Bus Company to form a new company named London Country Bus Services. This would later be split into four separate companies. Deregulation in 1985 and privatization in the 1990s led to further changes in the names and ownership of bus companies. Consolidation since then has seen the emergence of national bus groups - Stagecoach, First Group, Arriva and Go-Ahead replacing the old names and liveries. But retrenchment by these companies has given an opportunity for new independent companies to fill the gaps.This book takes the form of an anti-clockwise tour around the perimeter of the London Country area, north of the Thames featuring a number of key towns starting at Tilbury and ending at High Wycombe, illustrating some of the many changes to bus companies that have occurred.
Heavy gun mountings dominated the design of larger warships, on account of their size, weight, protection and cost. In the 1890s, British gun mountings developed rapidly with new gun technologies (wire winding, cordite) and the rise of the two major ordnance companies, Armstrongs and Vickers, producing large numbers of weapons for the Royal Navy and for worldwide export. But by 1960, aircraft and guided missiles had made the big gun redundant, so the period from 1890s to 1950s covering the two world wars is the most historically significant. The focus of this book is on the larger mountings and those fitted in the larger ships - the massively engineered 'non transferable' mountings, whose complexities and associated magazines took up a huge volume of the ship, unlike the smaller calibre 'transferable' mountings mostly bolted to the deck. Such mountings could weigh over 1000 tons, take two years to build and make up a quarter of the cost of a battleship. Although they existed in many variants, there were only about forty basic mountings from 4.5in to 18in calibre fitted to the majority of the RN's larger ships so these take up the bulk of the book. For each, well illustrated handbooks with coloured plates were produced, but are largely inaccessible to the public, so about 50 of these highly detailed drawings are reproduced at large scale. The smaller mountings and the guns themselves each have a separate chapter. Although the impact of the book is largely visual, there is an expert account of the design, construction and installation of such mountings, and their manufacturers, supported by a range of internal and close-up photographs. The reference value of the work is enhanced by a comprehensive table of mountings and their characteristics, plus a list of all the mountings made by Vickers of Barrow between 1900 and 1950. Providing easy access to so much rarely seen material, this handsome volume will appeal to modelmakers, ship enthusiasts and technical historians.
The drone industry is developing at an exponential pace and as technological sophistication advances, their future application prospects are limitless. Managing Safety in the Drone Industry: A Practical Guide aims explores safety structures and practices to tackle the increased risk of accidents and incidents in drone operations.
This book highlights the developments, discoveries, and practical and advanced experiences related to responsive distributed computing and how it can support the deployment of trajectory-based applications in smart systems.
A superb edition with over 160 outstanding photographs and thoroughly researched, informative captions. Beautifully produced in hardback with rare and previously unseen images.
A superb edition with over 230 outstanding photographs and thoroughly researched, informative captions.Beautifully produced in hardback with rare and previously unseen images.
Charlotte Walker's life had always been a well-scripted story, until she took an unexpected detour. Pressing pause on her academic journey, she moves to London in an attempt to figure out what the hell she wants out of life. Just when she thought her path couldn't get any more uncertain, an intriguing offer comes her way from an unlikely source-her brother's best friend and driving partner. Lucas Adler, AlphaVite Racing's star driver, understands all too well that Charlotte Walker is a temptation he should avoid at all costs. Not only is she the younger sister of his best friend, but he's learned the hard way how meddling with the forbidden can ruin relationships. Yet, the charismatic Aussie challenges his resolve at every turn and as a secret relationship blossoms, Charlotte and Lucas must decide whether some risks are worth the reward of a happily ever after.
The Great Eastern Railway's history from its formation in 1862 to 1924, detailing its expansion, infrastructure developments, and strategic alliances and challenges.This is the second volume of the history of the Great Eastern Railway from 1811 to 1924. This volume covers from 1862 when the Great Eastern Railway was formed to 1924 when with the absorption of the Colne Valley and Halstead Railway and the Mid Suffolk Light Railway into the LNER, the cessation of locomotive building at Stratford and the departure of the Company's last General Manager, Sidney Parnwell the GER could finally be said to exist.The history covers many things including the building and the subsequent expansion of Liverpool Street station and the development of the extensive suburban system. The Company's attempts to gain direct access to the northern coal fields which resulted in the formation of the Great Northern and Great Eastern Joint Line is mentioned as is the abortive proposed working union with the Great Northern and the Great Central railways.Relations with London, Tilbury and Southend Railway including the battle for the Southend traffic from 1911 are dealt with, as is the effect of Midland Railway takeover of that Railway.How the GER dealt with the threat of electric tube railways at the turn of the 20th century receives attention as do the abortive proposals in 1918 for the electrification of the Company's suburban services.
Beginning with King Henry VIII's flagship, Henry Grace à Dieu, this book covers all the main periods of battleship development, including the great sailing ships, such as Sovereign of the Seas, SantissimaTrinidad, and Victory. The advent of steam-driven warships provides the core of the book, beginning with the introduction of Gloire in 1859, and continuing through all the major pre-Dreadnoughts, such as the Inflexible, Maine, and Tsessarevitch. Each entry includes a brief description of the battleship's development and history, a color profile artwork, key features, and specifications.
The BMW E34 5 Series is considered one of the most impressive car designs to come out of the 1980s. With some 180 photographs, this complete guide to this iconic vehicle. The BMW E34 5 Series became the benchmark executive saloon during its eight-year production life, and today enthusiasts still look back on it as one of the high points of the BMW story. The E34 range made its debut in 1988, and built on BMW's growing success in the medium-sized saloon class. From the start, its makers aimed to seize leadership of the market sector from their arch-rivals at Mercedes-Benz, and to that end they developed a sleek, sporty shape and made the car available with a range of 6-cylinder engines. These included highly regarded diesel types, and later there would be an entry-level 4-cylinder as well. BMW kept the E34 range fresh to the very end, through three major eras of production. The first lasted until 1990, and established the range firmly. The second period, from 1990 to 1992, brought 'Touring' (estate) models, 4-wheel-drive variants and advanced new 4-valve engines. Between 1992 and 1996, the third phase brought annual updates, including VANOS variable valve timing and new V8 engines for the top-of-the-range models. In the BMW tradition, these cars combined strong performance with excellent handling, and these qualities were exploited to the hilt by the M5 variants produced by the legendary M Division. Aftermarket tuning specialists made their own contributions, too, adding to the aura of glamour around the E34 range. There were lesser-known elements of the story, too, when BMW used the E34 range for some fascinating experiments with hybrid power systems, a convertible, and a dual-fuel system.
A journey across a dystopian future America following a motocross community trying to escape the horrors of a new type of war.
The progenitors, the earliest Lambrettas – the 125 A and B - the scooters that established one of the symbols in the history of personal transportation in 1947.The first model was conceived in Rome as early as 1944, at the home of Ferdinando Innocenti; it had yet to be baptised as the Lambretta and was known simply as the “Esperimento Tipo 0”. After a full three years of research, trials and road tests the Lambretta was finally ready to be introduced to the international public; at the Paris Motorcycle Fair ,the new Innocenti product made its official debut in the European scooter world. Once again, this monograph bears the signature of Vittorio Tessera, Italy’s leading expert on the Innocenti marque and the Lambretta in particular. The book surveys every version of these early Lambrettas, with chapters on technical details and others more related to advertising and social aspects.
From the birth of the F4, “the world’s most beautiful motorbike” to the current Rush, this official book, created in close collaboration with the manufacturer, focuses on the last 25 years and more of the glorious MV Agusta marque. Featuring texts by Giorgio Sarti and a spectacular array of illustrations all drawn from the company archives, the book surveys the entire recent output of the firm from both the technical and stylistic points of view. You'll see more than 650 photographs, most of which were previously unpublished. The book covers it all, from the F3 to the Brutale, from the Dragster to the Rivale, arriving at the Turismo Veloce, Super Veloce and Rush “families." An extensive historical introduction follows the systematic cataloguing of all the models, including the special series and the one-offs.
The story of the Diablo, the heir to the Countach, the Lamborghini supercar par excellence of the 1990s. This car took the company from an artisan dimension to one verging on the industrial, so much so as to be the company’s first model available in two bodywork variants.This was the car that single-handedly made it through the marque’s darkest periods, succeeding in sustaining the company and keeping it alive. This was also the car that was born out of the inventiveness of Luigi Marmiroli and the art of Marcello Gandini, a car that was refined over time so that it always remained close to the changing tastes of its clientele.This book traces the model’s technical and industrial genesis, giving voice to several of the protagonists of the time, while also presenting the road tests dedicated to the Diablo by the Italian monthly Quattroruote.
Delving into the 1966 - 1989 era, Volume 2 chronicles the twilight of the Lockheed Constellation and Canadair CL-44 props, followed by the classic jets - Boeing 707, DC-8, the 747 Classic, and the 727. Through 375 meticulously restored images, the tragedies and triumphs of this period are vividly brought to life.
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