Books in the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology series

This book highlights key technologies and identifies areas for further development in proteogenomics. The utility and usefulness of very large Omics data sets (Next Gen Sequencing of DNA, RNA-seq, ribosome profiling, mass spectrometry- and antibody-based proteomics) is discussed and opportunities and challenges of related bioinformatics applications are outlined.The reader will be able to appreciate the interdisciplinary nature of the continuously evolving area of proteogenomics, which has already grown beyond its original concept of verifying gene annotations by proteomics. The chapters presented in this book are arranged to offer a general overview, rather than to provide detailed descriptions of technologies. The selected applications will provide useful insight into the level of detail that can be obtained in relation to certain diseases areas, including cancer biology and personalized medicine. The readers will find that each chapter delivers a comprehensive approach to proteogenomics, each from the point of view of a specific application.Research scientists interested in innovative processes that can offer a unique and at the same time a more complete access to technological developments and concepts that in turn can contribute to a better understand biological functions should read this book.

This much-needed book is the first definitive volume on Euglena in twenty-fire years, offering information on its atypical biochemistry, cell and molecular biology, and potential biotechnology applications.

Organized in sections focusing on: basic science, mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac disorders, in vascular disorders, in metabolic disorders, in kidney disease, therapeutic challenges and options, this essential volume fills imperative gaps in understanding and potentially treating several cardiovascular disorders.

Topics in Part III include the role of sumoylation in developmental abnormalities (craniofacial and cardiovascular), diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and infections with viruses and bacteria.Each of the corresponding chapter authors is an active researcher who has made significant contributions to understanding sumoylation.

The chapters also further insight into such topics as the effects of sex hormones, and socioeconomic and anthropometric measures on respiratory and immune functions underlying the severity of asthma and respiratory allergy.

Numerous studies have shown that elevated levels of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood of cancer patients are associated with poor response to treatment and inferior survival probabilities.

This book critically evaluates the causal link between cell division machinery and disease. Cell Division Machinery and Disease is essential reading for graduate or advanced graduate students, researchers or scientists working on cell division as well as clinicians interested in the molecular mechanisms of the discussed diseases.

Cardiovascular immunology is a newly emerging research area, investigating the crosstalk between the cardiovascular and the immune system. This crosstalk is evident through (1) crucial immunological capacities and functions of cardiovascular cell types, including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes and cardiac resident macrophages, (2) the impact of aberrant immune function on the development of cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis, direct and indirect immune-mediated heart disease and vasculitis, and (3) the crucial role of the immune system in cardiac repair and regeneration. The Immunology of Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Pathology covers all these aspects of cardiovascular immunology, starting with homeostatic immunological functions of traditional cardiovascular cell types, and moving then to the role of the immune system in cardiovascular pathology and to recent research into targeting the immune system to boost cardiac healing and regeneration.

Research into and interest in the role of stromal cells in immunology has exploded over the past 15 years.

This book provides a comprehensive review of the major barriers to HIV cure and vaccine. It covers the fundamental virology and immunology leading to HIV transmission, protection from infection and long term HIV persistence on antiretroviral therapy.

This book contributes to better understand how lifestyle modulations can effectively halt the emergence and progression of human diseases.

The book contains the refereed contributions from the 45th Annual Meeting of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) 2017. This volume covers cross-disciplinary work on a broad range of topics related to the dynamics of oxygen transport: microcirculation and vascular medicine; O2 deficiency and its impact on molecular processes in cells and tissues; cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function; multimodal functional imaging; mathematical modeling; the clinical relevance of oxygen supply as well as therapeutic interventions (e.g. in oncology or critical care medicine). The annual meetings of ISOTT bring together scientists from diverse fields (medicine, physiology, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, etc.) in a unique international forum. The book includes sections on brain oxygenation and function, NIRS oxygenation measurements, tumor oxygenation, cell metabolism, tissue oxygenation and treatment, methodical aspects of O2 measurements and physicochemical aspects of oxygen diffusion.Chapters 3, 24, 49 and 51 of this book are open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.

This book reviews the most recent developments in the field of osteochondral tissue engineering (OCTE) and presents challenges and strategies being developed that face not only bone and cartilage regeneration, but also establish osteochondral interface formation in order to translate it into a clinical setting.

Different types of adult stem cells for therapeutic applications are also reviewed, including hematopoietic stem cells, epidermal stem cells, endothelial progenitors, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and very small embryonic-like stem cells.

Given these limitations and increase in health care costs associated with such therapies, it is essential to identify patients who are likely to respond to immunotherapy and those who are at a risk for developing treatment-related side effects.

This book summarizes all the important aspects of CRLs (Cullin-RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligases), while providing details of mechanistic specifics that go beyond protein ubiquitination and neddylation.

This book reviews biochemistry, molecular biology and genetic changes in prostate cells that are the driving forces in the initiation and progression of cancer. Surveys cell interactions, including stem cells, reactive Stromal cells and membrane lipid rafts.

C-type Lectin Receptors in Antifungal Immunity.- Immune recognition of pathogen-derived glycolipids through Mincle.- CLEC5A: A promiscuous pattern recognition receptor to microbes and beyond.- Collectins: Innate immune pattern recognition molecules.- Insect C-type lectins in microbial infections.- Galectins in Host Defense against Microbial Infections.- Galectins in Host-Pathogen Interactions: Structural, Functional and Evolutionary Aspects.- Siglecs at the Host-Pathogen Interface.- Siglecs that associate with DAP12.

This book discusses novel concepts and discoveries concerning the regulation of innate immunity by autophagy and autophagy-related proteins.

This book presents cutting-edge research and applications of deep learning in a broad range of medical imaging scenarios, such as computer-aided diagnosis, image segmentation, tissue recognition and classification, and other areas of medical and healthcare problems.

Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on how different signaling pathways are important in the tumor microenvironment.

1. Novel techniques to study the bone-tumor microenvironment2. An emerging model for cancer development from a tumor microenvironment perspective in mice and humans3. Effects of Exercise on the Tumour Microenvironment4. Effects of inhaled tobacco smoke on the pulmonary tumor microenvironment5. Multimodal molecular imaging of the tumour microenvironment6. Necrosis in the tumor microenvironment and its role in cancer recurrence7. The Multifaceted Effects of Autophagy on the Tumor Microenvironment8. The Sociobiology of Brain Tumors9. Tumor microenvironment conditioning by abortive lytic replication of oncogenic ╬│-herpesviruses10. The microbiome as a component of the tumor microenvironmentIndex

Chapter 1: The intestinal tumour microenvironmentChapter 2: Gastric Tumor MicroenvironmentChapter 3: Parathyroid tumor microenvironmentChapter 4: Microenvironment in Cardiac Tumor Development: What Lies Beyond the Event Horizon?Chapter 5: The roles of bone marrow-resident cells as a microenvironment for bone metastasisChapter 6: Adipose tumor microenvironmentChapter 7: Appendix Tumor MicroenvironmentChapter 8: Spinal cord tumor microenvironmentChapter 9: Cancer stem cell niche and immune-active tumor microenvironment in testicular germ cell tumorsChapter 10: Tumor microenvironment in skin carcinogenesisIndex 

In addition, laboratory and clinical studies have confirmed that the chemical components of Ganoderma, such as Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides and triterpenes isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, produce diverse pharmacological effects.

Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book focuses on the role of hematopoietic components of the tumor microenvironment.

Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this volume focuses on non-hematopoietic cells within the tumor microenvironment.Further, it teaches readers about the roles of distinct constituents of the tumor microenvironment and how they affect cancer development.

1. Notch signalling and embryology: an introduction2. Notch signaling and embryonic development: an ancient friend, revisited3. The Five Faces of Notch Signalling During Drosophila melanogaster Embryonic CNS Development4. Epigenetic regulation of Notch signaling during Drosophila development5. Regulation of proneural wave propagation through a combination of Notch-mediated lateral inhibition and EGF-mediated reaction diffusion6. A nucleolar protein, Nepro, is essential for the maintenance of early neural stem cells and preimplantation embryos7. The role of Notch signaling in leg development in Drosophila melanogaster8. Notch pathway and inherited diseases: challenge and promiseIndex

Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on the role of chemokines in the tumor microenvironment.

Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on the role of interleukins in the tumor microenvironment.

This thoroughly revised second edition is an up-to-date overview of the current knowledge of Notch and Notch signaling in embryology and cancer.