Books in the British Archaeological Reports International Series series

Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 64Series Editors: John Alexander and Laurence Smith

This study documents the corpus of terracotta figurines that were found during excavations at Tell Timai between 2009 and 2013. The study assesses the locations in which terracotta figurines have been found both at Tell Timai and across Egypt, and discusses their usage within the settlements of Pharaonic and Ptolemaic-Roman Egypt. In addition, a chronological discussion of terracotta usage in Egypt from the Pharaonic to the Ptolemaic-Roman Period is presented to place the Tell Timai terracottas in chronological order to highlight themes of continuity and change. The figurine catalogue provides a detailed examination of the types and forms represented at Tell Timai and highlights the manufacturing techniques and decoration schemes used for specific types. This analysis also provides a clearer idea of the type of domestic religious activities that were practised at Tell Timai by the local population and the choice of terracotta styles used at specific periods. The study also provides date ranges based on associated ceramic assemblages to provide clearer dating for Egyptian terracotta types in Egypt.

The region of Chihuahua in North-Western Mexico is a relatively isolated area with a barren desert landscape. There is little in the way of the Settlement Archaeology typically found in the Southern regions of Mexico, for instance cities, roads, temples and other large stone structures. However, there is archaeological evidence present in this region that points to a significant culture, important due to the fact that it has a material and cultural merging of both Mesoamerican and Puebloan influences. Because of these combined influences there are different theories as to the origins of this culture, with either the Toltecs or the Anasazi being put forward. The study starts by discussing Chihuahuan Prehistory and ceramic research in this area, as well as the environment, geography, the archaeological record, and ceramic chronologies. Also discussed are the cultural boundaries, definitions and characteristics of the Medio period (1200-1450)A.D.). The role of decoration in ceramic reconstruction is also covered. The cultural implications of the decorative patterns on the Chihuahuan polychrome jars have up until now been largely ignored. These polychromes are part of a distinct pottery series, and Hendrickson uses the large number of vessels stored in many North American museums to carry out a whole range of contrastive analyses on these jars, both individually, as well as looking at general design patterns for cultural interpretation. The analysis of the design of the polychrome jars is carried out by contrasting levels of design, styles, and other tests, in order to fit individual samples into the typology. Importantly Hendrckson places these assemblages within geographical, cultural and temporal contexts.

It is only thanks to a concise reference in Pliny (NH,III,30) that we have any information on the granting of Latium status rights to Spain by Vespasian, the first of the Flavian emperors. The grant of these rights is important as regards explaining the history of the three Spanish provinces under the Flavian dynasty. Through this text -uniuersae Hispaniae Vespasianus Imperator Augustus iactatum procellis rei publicae Latium tribuit- we are today able to discuss the origin, chronology, causes and effects of this significant gesture. Indeed, it is so important that we cannot completely understand the future development of Flavian Spain, and the subsequent Spanish emperor 's activities also, without analysing it fully. This study explores the history of the Latin Right and the privileges granted by Vespasian to Spain, and the evolution of those grants in ancient Rome.Prologue by Francisco Beltrán Lloris

Proceedings of the Seventh Meeting of Postgraduate Researchers at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 21st -23rd February 200332 papersEdited by Camilla Briault, Jack Green, Anthi Kaldelis and Anna Stellatou

This volume represents the fourth publication of interim reports from the land and sea excavations at Caserea Maritima in Israel. The results cover the full spectrum of settlement at the site, from c.300 BC to the nineteenth century, but here with a focus on the Byzantine and Islamic periods.

Proceedings of the XV IUPPS World Congress (Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006)This book contains both English and French papers.

Papers from a seminar held at the University of Copenhagen in September 2006. Contents: A New Look at the Conception of the Human Being in Ancient Egypt (John Gee); 2) Between Identity and Agency in Ancient Egyptian Ritual (Harold M. Hays); 3) Material Agency, Attribution and Experience of Agency in Ancient Egypt: The case of New Kingdom private temple statues (Annette Kjby); 4) Self-perception and Self-assertion in the Portrait of Senwosret III: New methods for reading a face ((Maya Mueller); 5) Taking Phenomenology to Heart: Some heuristic remarks on studying ancient Egyptian embodied experience (Rune Nyord); 6) Anger and Agency: The role of the emotions in Demotic and earlier narratives (John Tait); 7) Time and Space in Ancient Egypt: The importance of the creation of abstraction (David A. Warburton); Index of Egyptian and Greek words and expressions.

This ambitious volume presents an archaeological history of the city in Greece, and its colonial world from the first Neolithic urbanisation to the present day. The chapters are arranged chronologically, each author concentrating on a particular period, or phase or process of urban transformation.

The study presented here therefore represents an analysis of just one aspect of observed cultural change, that of settlement patterns, and comprises in the main part of a geo-referenced Site Gazetteer, compiled to study changes in settlement patterns. The data is provided in the main as a platform for further research and analysis, and in the first instance this book thus provides a compilation of primary data with comprehensive bibliographies for further research for those with an interest in the pre-Roman and Roman settlement of the Central Balkans. In the chapters that precede the Gazetteer an analysis of the settlement patterns is presented and discussed, contextualizing the results and providing interpretation. For the reader not familiar with the historical geography of the region the opening sections provide a necessary background with references for further reading.

Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 69Series Editors: John Alexander, Laurence Smith and Timothy Insoll

13 papers which focus on the interaction between all aspects of pastoralism and agriculture in the southern Levant, from the Bronze Age to the present.

Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 72Series Editors: John Alexander, Laurence Smith and Timothy Insoll

With the editorial collaboration of Barbara Cerasetti.The Archaeological Map of the Murghab Delta Studies and ReportsSeries Editors: Annageldy Gubaev, Gennady A. Koshelenko and Maurizio Tosi.

In this work the author analyzes the imported pottery at Tell el -Ghaba (N. Sinai) in its contextual relationship, focusing on the different styles, morphology and pastes, to further conduct a comparative study with pottery coming from other archaeological contexts from settlements in the Delta, North Sinai and the Eastern Mediterranean regions during the Saite period, with the aim of knowing about the interrelations existing between Tell el-Ghaba and the mentioned areas.

In this research, based on numismatic findings collected over time and compiled by many researchers, the author aims to present as thorough a study as possible of the Iberian mints located in the Hispania Ulterior province. The purpose of this inquiry is not merely the collection of numismatic material and its documentation. On the contrary, the author hopes to establish different patterns of the 'behaviour' of currency in circulation, and to try and find solutions through numismatics to some historical problems present today.

Explorer Helge Ingstad set out in the 1960s to search for the much hypothesized and mythical Norse land of Vinland. Vinland, originally discovered by Leif Erikson c. 1000 CE, is described in two sagas written in the thirteenth century: the Saga of the Greenlanders and the Saga of Erik the Red. These sagas mention a land that appeared to be congruent with a description of northern Newfoundland. In his search, Helge Ingstad and his wife, Anne Stine Ingstad, came across a site in L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, which seemed to fit the description of Vinland. In this study, the published archaeological reports from the Ingstad and Wallace excavations are critically examined, in conjunction with supplementary background and comparative studies, to determine how the settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows functioned, and what its general purpose was. In particular its focus is dietary practices and site activities.

This publication is the first volume of what is intended to be a series of publications on the archaeology of the Timpone della Motta, a hill of 280m asl at Francavilla Marittima (Calabria, southern Italy) where the Groningen Institute of Archaeology has carried out a series of excavations between 1963 and 1969. Among the excavations, the 'acropolis' site has revealed the remains of an Oenotrian-Italic sanctuary dating from circa 800-730BC. This sanctuary contained among other features an apsidal timber building with a courtyard and altar, and a large room used for textile production. Significant among the Early Iron Age ceramics is the characteristic Italic/Oenotrian-Geometric production of matt-painted pottery that existed in Calabria, Basilicata and Campania. The Oenotrian pottery workshops of Francavilla-Lagaria were very much part of this Geometric, matt-painted tradition. From the pottery from the Timpone della Motta and the tombs of the Macchiabate necropolis at Francavilla Marittima a distinctive, local, Middle Geometric decorative style emerges, one mainly based on painted undulating bands as decorative elements, which were named the 'Undulating Band Style'. The style continued in a modified form during the Late Geometric period and is the specific subject of this volume in the series.

This book is a contribution to our understanding of the agricultural revolution that took place some 10,000 years ago in southwestern Asia. Kozlowski analyses lithic industries of the 'Eastern Wing' of the Greater Mesopotamia, that is the area of the foothills of the Taurus (from the Tigris) and the Zagros all the way to Khuzistan. The author provides a description of every identifiable culture in the region, and in most cases this is the first attempt to define and describe a given entity. There is an extensive catalogue of sites as well as drawings of unpublished collections of lithics from the area.

9 papers from the session on Mesolithic/Neolithic Interactions in the Balkans and in the Middle Danube Basin held at the 15th UISPP Congress in Lisbon in September 2006.

Nine papers from a session held at the EAA conference in Cork, Ireland, in 2005.

This study uses faunal remains, specifically the frequency of pig bones, to act as a barometer of social complexity. It finds that variations in the frequency of pigs from site to site cannot be explained by environmental factors, as is thus indicative of economic differences.

This regional study looks at the topography and epigraphy of Megaris, the territory between Attica, Corinth and Boetia, focusing on the Post-Classical periods. Philip Smith examines in turn, the archaeological, literary and epigraphic evidence for the region, compiling a useful catalogue of sites on the Megarid, with numerous maps and plans.

A collection of essays dedicated to the memory of Eleni Hatzivassiliou (1977-2007). The range of subjects reflects her broad circle of friends. Many are her contemporaries, but many are very senior scholars; ages range from 25 to 80. It is truly remarkable that someone who had not yet reached her thirtieth birthday could have come to know so many scholars and win their admiration and affection.

The idea of this volume came out of two research gatherings that focused on land allotment and field systems. The first was a day seminar on Ancient Fields, held at the National Monuments Record centre at Swindon, England, in June 2002. The second was the session on Land Allotment at the 24th annual conference of the Theoretical Archaeology Group, held at Manchester University in December 2002.

A study of early Georgian smelting sites. The features described here are remarkably consistent in their layout and the results of the present publication indicate a large, well developed industry. Further survey work should give us a better idea of just how large this prehistoric iron industry was, but it is already clear from the results reported in this book that the furnaces varied in size, with some being very large.

Authors: Roberto Bixio, Vittoria Caloi, Vittorio Castellani and Mauro Traverso.The 2004 Ani (the ancient Armenian capital on the eastern border of modern Turkey) expedition was devoted to the inspection of the underground structures. The monumental town was built around the 10th century on a platform defined by deep canyons which cut the volcanic rocks of the plateau. The artificial cavities are located all along the walls of the canyons, often in two or more layers. The structures were first investigated in 1915, beginning a process of identifying, exploring and classified more than 800 cave forms. The 2004 mission checked the status of the dwellings with respect to the investigation of 90 years before, to undertake a detailed exploration of some selected dwellings chosen as term of comparison, and to investigate with special carethose underground structures which were inside or close to the city walls, in order to establish the relations between the town and the underground sites. The first chapter of the report gives a short account of the objectives of the 2004 mission, together with an overview of the relevant literature and of the history of the town. Chapter 2 deals with the settlements outside the town (the rural settlements). The underground sites inside the town walls are discussed in Chapter 3. The nature of the underground sites is discussed in Chapter 4.

This book includes papers from Session C04, 'Technology and Methodology for Archaeological Practice: Practical applications for the past reconstruction', from the XV UISPP World Congress (Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006).

An investigation into the prehistoric mining and metallurgy of the southwest Iberian Peninsular.

This study re-visits the Late Bronze Age stratigraphy, chronology and history of Tell Atchana (Alalakh) as recorded by Sir Leonard Woolley in the 1930s and 1940s. The author offers both a detailed analysis of the material culture of Late Bronze Age Alalakh and a political history of the region following the destruction of the Level IV palace. The author elucidates the way in which the plans of Tell Atchana that Woolley published are to be interpreted, and the implications of so doing. Next the author establishes the correct location, absolute and relative, of the Level I temples, followed by an analysis of the stratigraphy of the Levels IV-0 temples. Based on the finds in each of the later temples, new data affords a detailed study of the find-spot of the statue of Idrimi, now newly attributed to Level IVB, the first half of the fourteenth century BCE, probably not more than a few decades after the death of Idrimi, king of Alalakh. The same stratigraphic analysis scheme is projected on all the features and structures of Levels V-0, making the author's approach to Late Bronze Age Alalakh significantly different than that found in previous literature, and significantly revises Woolley's 1955 Final Report and later studies. Detailed new phase plans for Levels VA-IB accompany this study and the work concludes by presenting consequential material culture data that leads to a proposed absolute chronology of the relevant strata at Alalakh, accompanied by a discussion of the history of Alalakh in the Late BronzeAge.