Books in the British Archaeological Reports International Series series

This book focuses upon the bio-archaeological study of the human remains recovered in a Prehistoric cave cemetery from Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) dated between 1450/1400 - 800 cal BC. Its research has benefited from methods and techniques developed by several disciplines (including human osteology, biological anthropology, forensics and paleopathology) in order to explore previously formulated hypothesis related to six major aspects: 1.) funerary practice; 2.) demography; 3.) biological variation;4.) diet; 5.) health and morbidity; 6.) main trend activities and 7.) social distance. The integration of independent results into a wider frame has allowed to distinguish several meaningful patterns. Segregation and relocation of skulls was a new feature added to the long-standing tradition of collective inhumation towards the end of the II millenium. The community experimented a limited growth conditioned by a low fertility rate and a high infant mortality. Infectious diseases were a more serious threat to health than the nutritional intake. Diet composition was varied and well-balanced, with enough rich-protein foods accessible to both sexes. Activity patterns also reflect the importance of livestock and gathering. No conclusive evidence of warfare isavailable in the whole series, as well as craft specialization. On the contrary, social relationships seem to have been ruled by cooperation.

The 'Alpha' Building at Puig Morter in Son Ferragut (Sineu, Mallorca, Spain) is one of the few domestic spaces from Mallorcan prehistory to have been explored in detail. Analysis of material remains from this archaeological site, and from other contemporaneous contexts, have led to the definition of an historical moment named the Son Ferragut Horizon by the authors of this monograph, who examine the social relations that existed at the time. The relationships established within the domestic group are analysed in such a way as to enable the identification of the existence of two differentiated groups and leading to clues as to the division of various social practices engaged in by women and men. The work centres on four main themes: the exploration of the Son Ferragut Horizon in 8th-6th centuries BC Mallorca; The 'Alpha' Building and its context; the social activities and domestic character of the 'Alpha' Building; the reciprocity and exploitation of the domestic group.

The primary aim of this monograph is to use one commodity type, the carinated-shoulder amphora, to investigate the level of centralisation and modes of production and distribution in southern Phoenicia (i.e. the city-states of Tyre and Sidon) when the region was under Persian (Achaemenid) imperial hegemony (539-332 BC). The second is to set the research findings into a broader socio-cultural context, viewing the amphorae as containers of wine, and the impact on the production and distribution of these amphorae as Persian imperial attitudes towards, and patterns of consumption of, wine. To determine whether these amphorae may be of southern Phoenician manufacture the author analyses petrographically the fabric of 307 amphorae gathered from 21 sites in thecoastal areas of southern Lebanon and Israel, and assesses to what extent the raw materials in the fabrics may be consistent with the geological formations in this region. She goes on to present a typology of carinated-shoulder amphorae of proposed southern Phoenician manufacture using an innovative technique, the 'envelope' method. This technique produces a typology which is repeatable and verifiable. An intra-regional analysis of the manufacture of these amphorae is conducted, assessing through the application of theoretical models to what extent production was centralised at this period. The study examines data which indicates the presence on a particularly significant amphora manufacturing centre in the region, and then attempts to identify the mechanism whereby amphorae were dispersed throughout the region, whether it was attached, independent, or whether both mechanisms could have existed simultaneously. Again, by applying theoretical models, the author attempts to determine to what degree amphora distribution was regionally integrated, and whether nodes of distribution existed which facilitated their dispersal. Finally, the work investigates from epigraphic and documentary sources, the role of wine in Persian culture, the quantities in which it was consumed and the wine preferences of the Persian elite, exploring what impact these factors may have had on the production and distribution of carinated-shoulder amphorae.

Archaeological Conference in Honour of the Late Professor Michael J. O'Kelly. Proceedings of the Stones and Bones Conference in Sligo, Ireland, May 1-5, 2002This volume presents the proceedings of the Stones and Bones archaeological conference held in Sligo in May 2002 in honour of the late Professor Michael O'Kelly. 15 papers are included, as are several abstracts and posters.

With a bounty of illustrations this volume traces the history of furniture making in Mesopotamia over the course of some 10000 years. This is a much neglected area of study, and using his practical experience as an architect Dr. Kubba is able to provide many new and fascinating insights.

15 papers from the Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference of the British Association for Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology held in Southampton, England in 2003.

Edited by H. L. Cobb, F. Coward, L. Grimshaw and S. Price.This volume stems from sessions at the 2004 Theoretical Archaeology Conference at Glasgow University, entitled "Hunter-Gatherers in Early Prehistory" and "Hunting for Meaning: Interpretive Approaches to the Mesolithic". The sessions came about as a response to a continuing lack of appreciation of new developments in theoretical approaches to the archaeology of prehistoric hunter-gatherers both in the Pleistocene and Holocene.

The Archaeology of the Clay Tobacco Pipe XIXThe collection of almost 1,000 clay pipes from the quarantine port of Pomègues provides a unique insight into pipe production and use throughout the Mediterranean and further afield. The author's exhaustive study makes a significant contribution to knowledge both of pipe production and circulation in a number of different ways. Although these have already been recognised and published from a range of sites throughout the Mediterranean basin, the Pomègues collection, arriving off Marseilles on ships from many ports of origin, is by far the most extensive and varied yet collected. This study establishes a logical nomenclature for the formal and technical variables that can be observed on these pipes. The Pomègues assemblage demonstrates clearly that a wide range of stylistic and constructional forms, many previously though to be late, coexisted over a wide geographical area. All existing dating typologies for Ottoman-style pipes will now have to be revised. Using existing published groups from specific sites and areas the author has attempted to identify the origins of the pipes within the Empire - whether from north Africa, the Near East, Asia Minor or Greece. Quite apart from the Ottoman-style pipes, the author provides an interesting study of the extensive Dutch element in the Pomègues collection. The pipes derive from a large number of makers and a number of probable centres and include a range of qualities, including possible copies. An attempt to combine stem-bore analysis, bowl form and maker information in a single dating statement for each pipe provides an original contribution to the study of Dutch pipes from this kind of context. The English pipes are fewer in number and more difficult to source with few distinctive regional forms or makers'marks. This study describes and identifies for the first time a major pipe production centre in Venice, producing thrown pipes in a specific technology, contrasting with the well-known moulded types from Chioggia. Finally, the author has defined, albeit tentatively, a range of 18th-century products from France and provides some indication of how such pipes can be identified in the future. This is important as very little research has been carried out on the products of an industry which, from the documentary sources, was a significant one.

Papers in honour of Martin Henig, presented on the occasion of his 65th birthdayFor weeks after his Christian baptism and confirmation into the Church of England Martin presented a vivid sight as he walked briskly along the Oxford streets. Dressed in white trousers and white open neck shirt (no jersey or jacket in even the coldest weather) and long white hair, it was a striking statement of a new life that would easily have been recognised by those early Christians who were clothed in white robes after their baptism in font or river...Martin is especially well placed, by virtue of his long-standing academic interests and his personal convictions, to build a picture of Christianity in Roman Britain. He has, after all, written about many of the crucial pieces of evidence. He can give us a clear and comprehensive survey of art in the age of Constantine. He can also identify and trace the difference that Christianity made to that art. Religion in the Roman world was highly diverse, but there were elements within it which lent themselves to a later, Christian interpretation, such as the myth of Bellerophon and the Chimera. There was also an implicit longing as expressed in Sol Invictus, which found its fulfillment in Christ the unconquered victor over sin and death, the sun which will never set. The classical heritage of myth and story was part of the education of a Roman gentlemen, the paidea, even when the empire became Christian, but a Christian could see in at least some of it a pointer and foreshadowing of Christ. Martin is able to see it in this way too. There are some in the modern world who like to stress the great gulf, the sharp difference between Christianity and other faiths. Martin shows that for the church in the fourth century the continuities and fulfillments were just as important. The 44-page bibliography of his writings is substantial evidence to the range and depth of Martin's work: a scholar's scholar indeed. So I feel specially honoured to have been invited to write this short preface to these essays honouring him.' (Richard Harries, former Bishop of Oxford).

This collection of essays brings together some of the biggest names in British archaeology to pay tribute to Sonia Chadwick Hawkes.

At the present time, one of the most urgent tasks in Armenian archaeology is the organization of the existing information, so as to enable a critical analysis of the results obtained during 150 years of excavation in Armenia to formulate the main directions for future research in the future. The establishment of a corpus of archaeological sites is one of the most efficient forms of such organisation. The present work is the first attempt in this direction, produced by the authors within the framework of an European INTAS program: 'Geographic Information System for Armenian archaeological sites from the Palaeolithic to the 4th century A.D.'. This work pursues some fundamental objectives. The first is to attempt to fill the gap which exists in the information. Second, the authors attempt to present the data in the framework of a single division into periods and a single chronology. Finally, the table of geographic coordinates (catalogue) can serve as a base for the future cartography of Bronze Age and Iron Age sites in Armenia. The present work groups together the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age vestiges in the following regions: the volcanic massif of Aragats, the depression of Shirak, the ridge of Pambak, the valley of the Kasakh river and the northern part of the plain of Ararat. Future volumes in this series will report on other regions.

COLLOQUE INTERNATIONAL Toulouse 7-9 avril 2005Edited by Marie-Hélène Dias-Meirinho ,Vanessa Léa, Karim Gernigon, Pierrick Fouéré, François Briois and Maxence Bailly

A study of bucket-shaped pots from 986 Norwegian graves. These graves include altogether 1179 bucket-shaped pots or fragments of pots. Bucket-shaped pots represent a ceramic category that is special to Norway. Other than in Norway, only a few pots have been recorded in Sweden, and only a single find comes from Denmark. The premise of this study is the consideration that a thorough and careful analysis of bucket-shaped pots will provide information about manufacture, specialization and workshops, and indentify regional groups and regional identity in the Late Roman and Migration periods, aspects that so far have received little attention. It also helps better clarify the chronology of some of the important artefact categories in Norway in this period.

This study highlights and debates the evidence for the king's personal authority and power within three major spheres of influence: 1) the appointment of officials, 2) the making of commands; and 3) military leadership. The extent to which this evidence can be used to create a historically accurate picture of government practice is a major issue throughout this study. The evidence collected dates to the 18th Dynasty from the reign of Ahmose to the end of the reign of Amenhotep III. Chapter one deals with evidence for the appointment of officials by the king as evidenced by the words dhn, rdi m/r, and sxnt. Chapter two analyses this data. Chapter three presents all evidence of the king making commands, as evidenced by the word wD. Chapter four is an analysis of this evidence. Chapter five presents evidence for the king making military decisions and fighting alongside his army. This evidence is analysed in Chapter six. The final chapter puts into context the difficulties of drawing clear boundaries between the ideological and the real in such material.

Proceedings of the XV World Congress UISPP (Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006). Volume 41, Sessions C41 and C72Edited by Ana M. S. Bettencourt, M. Jesus Sanches, Lara B. Alves and Ramon Fábregas ValcarceSession C41 - The creation of 'significant places' and 'landscapes' in the Northwestern half of the Iberia, during Pre and Proto-historic times. Theoretical, recording and interpretation issues from case studies in this region. Session C72 - Space, Memory and Identity in the European Bronze Age

Proceedings of the 37th International Conference, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America, March 22-26, 2009This book presents the proceedings (48 papers) of the 37th International Conference Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology held at Williamsburg, Virginia, USA, from March 22-26, 2009. Download available of all papers with colour figures and tables.

Proceedings of the XV UISPP World Congress (Lisbon 4-9 September 2006) / Actes du XV Congrès Mondial (Lisbonne 4-9 Septembre 2006) Volume 34, Sessions C32, C55, S01 amd WS07.Session C32: 'Contemporary Issues in Historical Archaeology' edited by Pedro P. Funari, Nanci Oliveira, Andrés Zarankin, Ximena Senatore and Lourdes Dominguez.Session C55: 'Romanization and Indigenous Societies. Rhythms, Ruptures and Continuities' edited by João Pedro Bernardes.Session S01: 'History, Archaeology and Society' edited by Fábio Vergara Cerqueira and Luciana Peixoto.Session WS07: 'Public Archaeology' edited by Fábio Vergara Cerqueira; Laurent Caron; Tony Waegeman.

The Upper Tisza Project. Studies in Hungarian Landscape Archaeology. Written by John Chapman, Mark Gillings, Enik¿ Magyari, Robert Shiel, Bisserka Gaydarska and Chris Bond.With contributions by József Laszlovszky, Steve Leyland and David Brookshaw and illustrations by Sandra Rowntree and Chris Bond.Book 2 in the reports series on the Upper Tisza Project, north-eastern Hungary. This volume investigates the settlement patterns in the Bodrogköz Block.

The Upper Tisza Project. Studies in Hungarian Landscape Archaeology.Written by John Chapman, Mark Gillings, Robert Shiel, Eniko Magyari, Bisserka Gaydarska and Chris Bond.With contributions by József Laszlovszky, Steve Cousins, Denise Telford, Katalin Biró, Karen Hardy and David Brookshaw and illustrations by Sandra Rowntree and Chris Bond.Book 3 in the reports series on the Upper Tisza Project, north-eastern Hungary. This volume investigates the settlement patterns in the Zemplén Block.

Excavations at Komini near Pljevlja and at Kolovrat near Prijepolje were conducted from 1964-1967, and again in 1970-1977. Two Roman-city cemeteries were discovered and nearly 700 graves, many of them with inscribed monuments. These excavations represent the significant finds of a Roman municipium at Komini, near present-day Pljevlja, which sprang up in the central Balkan area far from the main Roman communications network. The settlement grew in Roman times in the valley through which the small ¿ehotina river flows, a tributary of the river Lim. The municipium was situated in a plain enclosed by high mountains, not far from another big Roman settlement in present-day Kolovrat near Prijepolje. The Roman city existed, as the findings from the excavated cemeteries prove, for no longer than three and a half centuries, from the 1st to the 4th centuries AD. There is no doubt that the settlement was granted municipal status. Citizens holding municipal offices appear in the inscriptions, but the actual name of the municipium has not yet surfaced - either in inscriptions or in literary evidence. It is believed that the abbreviation 'S' in one inscription refers to the name of the municipium, although this is not proved by any other inscription. The author, in this new study of the site, has adopted the toponym 'Municipium S.', focussing on the collection, commentary, and re-publication of all the inscriptions from this location in the hope of presenting a reconstruction of the life of the city, from the 1st to the 4th centuries AD, basing his research on the literary, archaeological and epigraphical evidence.

Chlemoutsi castle is located in the NW Peloponnese (Greece). It was built by the Franks following the Fourth Crusade and the establishment of the Principality of Achaea. At the beginning of the 15th century the castle passed to Charles I Tocco, Count Palatine of Cephalonia and Despot of Epirus. In 1428 it passed to the Palaiologoi and in 1460 it fell to the Ottomans. Following the fate of the Peloponnese, the castle remained in the hands of the Ottomans until the early 19th century, except for approximately three decades in the late 17th and the early 18th century when Venice replaced the Ottomans as overlords of the Peloponnese. The subject of this book is the pottery from Chlemoutsi and its discussion and interpretation. The pottery comes from several small-scale excavations conducted by the Greek Archaeological Service in the 1980s and '90s. The ceramic material under study here covers a long time span and offers important evidence for the pottery used in Greece between the 13th and the 19th centuries. It also provides information on the history of Chlemoutsi, which has been proved particularly important for the periods following the Ottoman conquest (1460), since the history and the role of the castle after the end of its Frankish occupation is hardly known in the bibliography. What characterizes the pottery of Chlemoutsi is the continuous and significant presence of Italian wares, and thus a large section of this present research deals with Italian pottery imports - still a relatively little-explored topic in Greek ceramic studies today.

Multidisciplinary Old and New World research, using high quality paleoenvironmental and archaeological data, looks for correlations between climatic oscillations and socio-cultural adjustments in nomadic hunter-gatherer, horticultural, sedentary agricultural, and early urbanized societies. The outright collapse of cultural systems, sometimes associated with radical climate change, is not readily demonstrated and some contributions attribute culture change primarily to human agency. Others indicate that different cultures in diverse regions and times employ varying adjustment strategies, including economic and technological innovations (i.e., agriculture, wheels, monumental architecture, metallurgy etc.) and exhibit religious and social upheaval, warfare, genocide, or migration in coping with a changing world.

Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 84This work presents contributions from South African, European, and North American authors working in academic and governmental institutions. Chapters provide latest regional syntheses and discuss diverse topics, such as Acheulean hominin behaviour, Holocene hunter-gatherer subsistence, settlement patterns and land use patterns, human impact on marine environments and resource intensification, herder/ forager culture contact, physical anthropological studies, the impact of colonialism in developing new social and economic responses, and heritage management. A final chapter by Jon Erlandson discusses these contributions within a wider international context.

This volume is an accompanying volume to CAA 98 volume (BAR S757). The papers were originally presented at the Festival of Virtual Reality in Archaeology which took place simultaneously to the twenty-sixth annual CAA conference in Barcelona.

In the study of Mycenaean archaeology, the major monuments have been intensively and extensively studied, while others less impressive and monumental are often left unpublished, although well over two thousand of them are known. These largely neglected Mycenaean burials are the subject of this volume, where they are referred to as 'simple graves'. The scope of these simple graves is wide and the work extends to a discussion on interments, grave goods, and burial customs. Contains a valuable catalogue of all the graves used for the analysis of burial customs arranged by geographical area.

Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Meeting of Postgraduate Researchers. University of Glasgow, Department of Archaeology, 15-17 February, 2002Edited by Ann Brysbaert, Natasja de Bruijn, Erin Gibson, Angela Michael and Mark MonaghanThe Symposium of Mediterranean Archaeology took place in February 2002 at the University of Glasgow. The conference was organised around a variety of themes with the primary goal of attracting a diverse group of postgraduate researchers and facilitating discussion through the establishment of workshops on specific themes. The primary aim was to give SOMA as wide a scope as possible within the context of Mediterranean archaeology. This was reflected in the wide range of the 20 papers presented both at the conference and included within this volume. Some of the broad themes running through the papers include landscape method and its application, religion and transitions, nationalism and identity, and craft and craftspeople. Papers presented within these themes covered geographical areas ranging from Spain, Italy, Cyprus, Greece, Egypt, and Malta and time periods from the Paleolithic onwards to the modern period. The conference successfully attracted individuals with interests in theory, reports on recent fieldwork, integrating historical and survey data, geoarchaeology, ethnographic studies, experimental archaeology and computer applications, and recent developments and possible future directions of archaeology in Mediterranean archaeology.

Papers of the 1st International Conference on Soils and Archaeology, Százhalombatta, Hungary, 30 May - 3 June 2001A collection of 13 papers given at the 1st International Conference on Soils and Archaeology, Százhalombatta, Hungary, 30 May - 3 June 2001.

This work is an examination of the burial practices of the Upper Seine Basin during the earlier portions of the Iron Age (Hallstatt Finale to the La Tène Moyenne) conducted with the specific aims of examining concepts of identity as reflected through the funerary remains. It focusses upon three aspects of identity: regionality, gender and social status. These theoretical concepts are examined through the analysis of the artefact assemblage and the examination of aspects of similarity and differences inthe artefact placement within the graves context. In order to examine these aspects, this work begins by reexamining the existing theories and models of understandings for the Iron Age in Northeastern France. It examines specifically the socio-economicmodels utilised to examine the general archaeological remains, the present understandings of social status, and pays particular attention to the existing models for our understanding of gender during the time period. Once the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches have been presented, the study goes on to discuss the analysis conducted by the author of a sample of archaeological sites. This analysis utilised a variety of quantitative techniques in order to obtain new data regarding aspects of identity associated with regionality, gender and social status. Among the statistical methods used were a simple comparison of mean averages for a series of burial categories identified by the author, as well as the use of the exploratory multivariate technique of correspondence analysis. The results are presented and discussed in detail, and then interpreted in the light of past and present models of our understanding of the Iron Age. Finally, the thesis discusses the nature of the changes in the burial rites between the Hallstatt Finale and the La Tène Moyenne, and presents a series of new interpretations of Iron Age culture in the region.

Translated from the Latvian by Valdis B¿rzi¿¿