Books in the British Archaeological Reports International Series series

This fifth volume in a series of publications dealing with the excavations by Groningen University in 19912004 on the Timpone della Motta, Francavilla Marittima, Calabria (Italy), under the direction of the author, is preceded by four BAR volumes on the Oenotrian production of Matt-painted pottery. That pottery, together with impasto pottery fragments, loom weights and spindle whorls, was associated with an indigenous Oenotrian apsidal building, which, judging from the presence of animal bones (a relatively high percentage of which were fetal and neonatal bones of pigs, sheep and goats), an altar and ash, was not only a residence of female spinners and weavers, but also fulfilled a sacred function. The present volume largely consists of a catalogue of 300 spindle whorls of various types. Their weights and types are compared with spindle whorls from other Calabrian find spots (mainly graves) and conclusions as to the development in indigenous Oenotrian spinning practices are suggested.

Summary in German, English and Russian.

Between 2004 and 2008 the Centre for Maritime Archaeology (CMA), University of Southampton and the Department of Underwater Antiquities of the Egyptian Supreme Council for Antiquities (SCA), in conjunction with the Centre for Maritime Archaeology and Underwater Cultural Heritage (CMAUCH), University of Alexandria, conducted five seasons of survey along the shores of the western arm of Lake Mareotis, Alexandria, Egypt. This was to be the first systematic, comprehensive survey of the region, the aim being to more fully appreciate the nature of Lake Mareotis and the role it played in the economy of ancient Alexandria. An initial visit to the region in 2002 alerted the co-directors of the subsequent project, Lucy Blue (CMA) and Sameh Ramses (SCA), to the huge potential of the area, as well as the immediate threats that the archaeology of the region faced. In collaboration with Emad Khalil (CMAUCH), it was decided that funding to support a project should be sought. During a pilot season in 2004 over 60 sites were identified along the shores of the western arm of the lake, the majority of which were new discoveries. This volume is divided into seven chapters. The first three chapters outline the context of the research and the methodology adopted by the LMRP. Chapter 4 comments on the results of the ceramic survey and presents an appendix to this chapter. The ceramic assemblage is critical for understanding both the chronological scope of the material recovered that broadly equates to the mid 4th century BC to the 7th century AD, and the nature of activities at the sites. Chapter 5 sets the physical context and is the partial product of doctoral research undertaken. The geomorphological survey has provided invaluable new insight into the environmental context in which the archaeological sites should be viewed. Chapter 6 is essentially the 'meat' of the volume. Extending to 177 pages in length, it outlines a catalogue of all the 73 sites recorded as part of the LMRP. Chapter 7 presents some concluding remarks and an attempt is made to reflect on and make sense of the mass of information collated.

The hunting of horses by Magdalenians and Early Aziliens in the Paris Basin has never before been the object of a detailed study. This work thus brings to light the interactions between these human societies and the populations of horses within the palaeo-environmental framework of the Late Glacial. The original approach developed here is based on the elaboration of palaeo-ecological models concerning hunting practices in terms of tactics and strategies of hunting. Analysis of the exploitation of horses allows the author to highlight socio-economic patterns of Magdalenian and Early Azilian groups, and their integration within the Late Glacial regional landscape of the Paris Basin.

This study presents a synthetic approach to the study of architectural form and function of annexes to early Christian basilicas on the Greek mainland and Crete (4th - 6th centuries AD). The introductory section is in two parts: the first deals with the state of the research on sacristies (described as diaconica in Greek literature) and baptisteries. The second part presents the liturgical and ecclesiastical sources from the early Christian period that illuminate (or obscure) the liturgical functions of certain parts of the church. The main part of the study comprises a catalogue of the monuments, which are registered in the five different dioceses of the Helladic area. Finally, the third part presents summarized conclusions, among which is the existence of eight individual types of annexes: 1) Baptisteries, 2) Sacristies, 3) Chapels, 4) Episcopal complexes, 5) Porches, 6) Rooms with domestic/agricultural function, 7) Towers/Staircases, 8) Funerary annexes.

Este libro recoge información actualizada sobre los yacimientos arqueológicos que tienen una fase de documentada ibérica en el SE de la península ibérica. Obtenemos de esta manera una visión global de la ocupación entre los siglos V-III a.n.e. que nos ayudará a contextualizar los nuevos descubrimientos. Para cada yacimiento estudiado se han recopilado todos los estudios publicados y también los contextos (sepulturas) y materiales arqueológicos (cerámicas de barniz negro, fíbulas o monedas) que pueden establecer un hito cronológico. De esta manera podremos acercarnos a los momentos de ocupación de cada sitio en el período ibérico clásico. El estudio se completa con un análisis de las cuencas de visibilidad y las áreas de captación de recursos en el entorno de los asentamientos más importantes. Combinando esta información sobre un estudio de capacidad agrícola del suelo y los hallazgos de minerales en superficie podremos acercarnos a la explotación del territorio por parte de los íberos.This book offers up-to-date information on settlements that show evidence of Iron Age (Iberian) occupation in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. This information makes possible an overall perspective on the Iberians between the 5th and 3rd centuries BC, which will be very useful for putting new discoveries in context. The author has compiled all available studies on each individual settlement. He has also gathered information on all the contexts (e.g. graves) and archaeological items (e.g. black-glazed pottery, fibulae and coins) that can provide chronological data, in this way establishing the nature of the occupation in each settlement. The study concludes with viewshed and site catchment area analyses of the most relevant settlements. The author also determines the agricultural capability of soils and collects the mineral evidence, to recover information on the use of the environment by the Iberians.

The Velebit necropolis, located in the southern Carpathian Basin remains to this day an unpublished archaeological site, although it has been known for almost 50 years. It represents the only systematically-investigated Tumulus (Hügelgräber) culture necropolis in the territories of Serbia and Vojvodina which has not been completely published so far. Bi-ritual burial rites from the Bronze Age perspective of the Velebit necropolis are not so rare in the Tumulus Culture commonwealth (Central Europe, Carpathian Basin and Transdanubian region), but the equal representation of both burial customs is quite uncommon. Graves from the undisturbed contexts at the Velebit necropolis show some differences in Koszider bronze and pottery burial gifts, gender and maybe social differentiation in communities. Certain artefacts possibly indicate economic stratification and the presence of craftsmen (metallurgists) in these Middle Bronze Age communities, which is considered one of the more significant traits of the Tumulus culture.

Este libro reúne las investigaciones sobre la explotación tartésica del estaño realizadas en San Cristóbal de Logrosán (Cáceres, España) por Craig Merideth entre 1992 y 2002 y las coordinadas por el G.I. PRETAGU de la Universidad de Extremadura entre 2013 y 2017. En síntesis, se trata de un estudio interdisciplinar sobre este poblado minero-metalúrgico y de la comunidad que lo habitó, incluida una propuesta de la 'cadena operativa' del beneficio de la casiterita durante el Bronce Final-Hierro I. El relevante papel jugado por este estratégico recurso parece justificar la presencia en esta region interior del suroeste ibérico de elementos de prestigio y estatus social como los del Tesoro de Berzocana y la estela de guerrero de Solana de Cabañas. A mayor escala, los estudios arqueológicos y analíticos permiten integrar San Cristóbal en la 'red regional' de contactos e intercambios atlántico-mediterráneos confluyentes en Huelva, foco emergente de Tartessos.This book brings together the archaeological research carried out by Craig Merideth between 1992 and 2002 on the Tartessian exploitation of tin in Cerro de San Cristóbal de Logrosán (Cáceres, Spain) and the work done later, in the period 2013-2017, coordinated by the G.I. PRETAGU of the University of Extremadura. It is an interdisciplinary study of this metallurgical-mining site and the community that settled there, including a proposal of the 'operational chain' of the treatment and use of the cassiterite during the Late Bronze-Iron I phase. The relevant role played by this strategic mineral resource seems to justify the presence of elements of prestige and social status such as the Berzocana Treasure and the warrior's stela of Solana de Cabañas in the south-central west of the Iberian Peninsular. On a larger scale, archaeological and analytical studies allow the integration of San Cristóbal into the 'regional network' of Atlantic-Mediterranean contacts and exchanges converging in Huelva, an emerging settlement of Tartessos.

La carta archeologica del territorio comunale di Poggiardo si propone a compendio delle ricerche condotte negli ultimi trent'anni dall'Università del Salento in collaborazione con enti di ricerca italiani e stranieri. In questa occasione si raccolgono, condensano e restituiscono, anche in forma grafica/cartografica, le conoscenze acquisite fino ad oggi, tratteggiando un quadro conoscitivo diacronico del centro antico di Vaste e del territorio ad esso circostante. Obiettivo è la realizzazione di un prodotto utile non solo per gli studiosi, ma anche e soprattutto per coloro i quali, amministratori locali in primis, hanno il dovere e l'onere di pianificare e di dettare le linee guida per la crescita urbana e lo sviluppo del proprio territorio, in un'ottica di compatibilità con la progettazione, il restauro e la conservazione del paesaggio, dell'ambiente e del patrimonio culturale. Il volume è stato realizzato nell'ambito del laboratorio di Archeologia Classica del Dipartimento di Beni Culturali dell'Università del Salento.This archaeological map of the municipal territory of Poggiardo is intended as a compendium of the research conducted over the last thirty years by University of Salento in cooperation with Italian and international research institutions. The aims of the project include the recovery, analysis and enhancement of earlier data and an updating of these data with more recent discoveries; all of these have been collected and shown in graphic and cartographic form, to facilitate the outlining of a diachronic picture of the ancient settlement and of its surrounding territory. This study has been devised in such a way as to make it useful not only for scholars, but also as a support for the local municipalities in establishing the guidelines for urban growth and the development of the territory, taking into consideration the preservation of Cultural Heritage and the environment and landscape. The development of this publication has been realised under the auspices of the Laboratory of Classical Archaeology (Department of Cultural Heritage, Università del Salento).

Despite Sardinia's extraordinarily rich Neolithic record, very little of it has made its way into the general European discourse. Written as a companion to G. Webster and M. Webster, Punctuated Insularity. The Archaeology of 4th and 3rd Millennium Sardinia. Oxford: BAR International Series 2871, 2017, the present volume addresses the omission by offering a synthesis of an archaeological corpus still little known outside the island. It covers in detail the evidence of colonisations and subsequent adaptations to the Sardinia's diverse environments in terms of settlement patterns, craft industries, subsistence economies, mortuary and non-mortuary cult expressions, imagery, art and extra-insular relations with special emphasis of neighbouring Corsica, while offering interpretive suggestions. As a study of the frequentation and settling of Sardinia as a locale, a large, insular, west-Mediterranean landmass, by people with non-indigenous heritages, it furthermore locates the island's cultural modalities within the so-called neolithisation of the broader Tyrrhenian region during the sixth and fifth millennia BCE.

The Montebello Islands are a cluster of small, low relief land masses, comprised of ancient limestone, with skeletal soils, sparse vegetation and shifting sand bodies. They lie some 80 km from the coastline, representing far flung 'high points' on the once extensive arid coastal plains of north-west Australia. Barrow Island lies between the mainland and the islands. More famous as the first nuclear testing site used by the British in the 1950s and the location of the first known shipwreck off the Australian coast, (the Tryal in 1622), the Montebello Islands represent a unique configuration of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. This paper reports on archaeological analysis carried out on assemblages recovered from two stratified cave sites on Campbell Island in the Montebello group in northwest Australia. These sites provide unique insights into human responses to the drowning of the extensive arid plains of north-west Australia following the Last Glacial Maximum. Rich faunal assemblages have been recovered which date to the period 30,000-7000 BP as the local environmental context changed in response to the post-glacial marine transgression. Field surveys and excavations were carried out over two field seasons between 1992-4 and involved a team of archaeologists, field assistants and support crew.Written by Peter Veth, Ken Aplin, Lynley Wallis, Tiina Manne, Tim Pulsford, Elizabeth White and Alan Chappell

At present scantily populated, Suakin was the most prominent port on the Red Sea coast from the fifteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. It was an archetype of an Islamic urban built town which remained continuously occupied by the same multi-generational families. During the period of British rule in Sudan they replaced the ancient port by the establishment of Port Sudan. Using this ancient site as an illustration, the main goal of the research is to gain an insight into the relationships between people and heritage sites: how and why people feel attachments to them and what affects people's sense of attachment to heritage.

An extensive archaeological study based on analyses of over 20,000 marine shells from Roman Gaul (2nd century BC - 6th century AD).

The extensive archaeological excavations of multicultural sites in western Slovakia offer a remarkable amount of material that mostly consists of entirely new and unpublished finds. This monograph presents a multilateral synthesis of the information obtained and processed over the last two decades, presenting a fascinating picture of evolution of the western inner Carpathian world and its neighbourhood in prehistoric times and beyond.

The present collection refers not only to the remains of the pagan religion of Greeks and Romans, but also to those of Edomites, Nabataeans and Itureans in the Hellenistic and Roman period. Furthermore, it also includes motifs which are found in Jewish archaeological contexts with a pagan content or a mythological origin (such as the Beth She'arim sarcophagi and the synagogue lintels and mosaics), as well as motifs of an obviously mythological origin (such as the widespread use of the vine and the wine motifs) which appear in the mosaic floors of Jewish synagogues and Christian churches. Each subject is dealt with on the basis of archaeological evidence provided by scientific and reliable publications and photographs. This work, therefore, documents the archaeological evidence of the pagan legacy in the Land of Israel and surrounding countries (parts of Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the Golan Heights, North Sinai). The first part follows a geographical sequence in alphabetical order. Explanations of motifs and mythological subjects are systematically offered in the second in the form of an index. This index includes not only the names of gods and goddesses, beliefs and superstitions, but also such non-archaeological subjects as conversion and syncretism, as well as a record of cultic objects and structures, with appropriate references to the places and the illustrations recorded in the first part.

This monograph looks at Byzantine art in its widest sense as well as its influence right up to the 20th century. It is well illustrated with a largely descriptive text.

Kom el-Hisn is located near the western edge of the Nile delta, midway between Cairo and Alexandria, and about 13 km west of the Rosetta branch of the Nile. It is composed of primarily Old Kingdom deposits (Dynasties V and VI, ca. 2500-2290 BC) but the site was also occupied in the Middle and New Kingdom periods. (It has been suggested that some First Intermediate burials are included within the Old Kingdom architecture, and Kom el-Hisn clearly flourished during the height of Old Kingdom power.) After a detailed introduction, the author reviews the development of Egyptian settlement patterns and structures to provide the Old Kingdom context, before continuing to discuss the specific issues relating to the current research and some of the explanations offered by other researchers for the development of Egypt's particular brand of complex society. Chapter four describes the research programme that provided the data on which this study relies, and subsequent headings contain detailed descriptions of the deposits associated with each excavation unit in the analysis. Before the full summary in the ultimate chapter, there are statistical analyses that build the model of functional differentiation found within the excavated areas.

In 1997 the author excavated a shipwreck in the north-western reaches of the Java Sea, Indonesia. It became known as the Intan Wreck due to its close proximity to the Intan Oil Field. The wreck has been dated early to mid-10th century through Chinese coin dates, stylistic analysis of ceramics, and radiocarbon dating. While the structure of the shipwreck has all but disappeared, enough fragments remained for timber identification and a glimpse at construction techniques. These clues, together with cargo types and wreck location, strongly indicate an Indonesian ship of lashed-lug construction. From cargo distribution the Intan ship may have been as long as 30 m. The abundance of surviving cargo stands in stark contrast to the fragmentary hull remains. A total of 6,154 non-ceramic artefacts and 7,309 ceramic artefacts were logged over the course of the excavation. Materials are as diverse as bronze, lead, silver, iron, tin, gold, glass, ceramic, stone, and organics. Origins are as far afield as China, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Middle East. Such diversity is a clear indication of entrepot trade, the most likely port of lading being the Srivijayan capital, Palembang. Considering the wreck location and the large base metal component, the Intan ship could only have been bound for metal deficient Java.

Until now, no study has been made of the construction techniques of the Nabataean freestanding buildings and the rock-cut monuments of Petra, Jordan (built from the 1st cent. BC to the 2nd cent. AD). The results of this study reveal the sources of the building techniques used at Petra and why they were further developed there.

This book joins a long series of studies conducted in recent years at the Department for Land of Israel Studies at Bar-Ilan University in the Unit for the History of Medicine in Ancient Times. Since the field of study is extensive, the special focus of this treatise is the study of medicine in Greater Jerusalem, but it may serve as a faithful reflection of the nature of medicine and the changes it underwent throughout Israel and Syria in ancient times. The study is based primarily on historical sources. The first part of the book consists of a short history of medicine in Jerusalem from various historical aspects, followed by an evaluation of the physicians, their status, professional training, etc. The second part presents a list of physicians who were active in Jerusalem between the 10th-18th centuries.

This study is divided into two main parts. Part one presents the ethnoarchaeological study that has been conducted on (late-Sixth to Fifth Millennium BC) pottery production in northern Jordan (the Ajlun Mountain area). It includes the location and environmental setting of the study area, the context of pottery production with reference to potters' socio-economical contexts, and their identity. It also includes the context of pottery production and a description of the technological traditions that have been identified among the potters. Chapters 4 and 5 have been devoted to measuring and explaining the causes of technological similarities as well as differences in the potters' out-put. Part 2 presents the archaeological study. It includes a description of the site of Abu Hamid and its environmental setting. Moreover, it presents the chronology and the sequence of occupation at the site, as well as the spatial and temporal contexts of the sampled pottery sherds. Further, it presents morphological and metric descriptions of the pottery assemblages. Chapters 8 and 9 are devoted to the identification of archaeological pottery forming techniques and the measuring of the technical variations among them. The last chapter presents the explanations of these technical variations.

Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop, CNR, Rome, Italy, December 4-7, 2006In 2001, UNESCO and the European Space Agency (ESA) launched the 'Open Initiative on the Use of Space Technologies to Monitor Natural and Cultural Heritage of UNESCO Sites'. The 'Open Initiative' is a framework of cooperation to assist countries to improve the observation, monitoring and management of natural and cultural sites as well as of their surroundings, through space technologies. In this field of operations a group of experts, called International Working Group of Space Technologies for World Heritage, was created under the coordination of UNESCO, the present membership including representatives of CNR-ITABC (Italy), GORS (Syria), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), NASA (US), ETH (Switzerland) and other European research centres and institutions. At the Beijing conference the topics discussed demonstrated clearly that the concept of Remote Sensing was significantly wider than in the past and involved the integration of numerous different technologies and fields of application: photogrammetry, air photography, air-photo mapping, airborne multi-spectral and thermal imagery, satellite imagery, geophysics, GIS but also, laser scanning, visualization displays, space models virtual reality. This conference at Rome in December 2006, building on these ideas, will aim to continue in this direction, promoting the use of integrated methodologies in remote sensing archaeology so as to help in the creation of new and sustainable policies in the monitoring, interpretation, fruition and communication of the cultural heritage. Including 67 papers from 10 sessions: SESSION 1: Satellite Remote Sensing Archaeology; SESSION 2: Aerial Archaeology: vertical ans oblique photography; SESSION 3: Aerial Archaeology: airborne scanning; SESSION 4: Ground-Based RemoteSensing Archaeology; SESSION 5: Integrated Technologies for Remote Sensing in Archaeology; SESSION 6: Interpreting Landscapes and Settlement Pattern Reconstruction; SESSION 7: Environment Analysis for Remote Sensing Archaeology; SESSION 8: 3D Visualization of Place and Landscapes; SESSION 9: Virtual Archaeological Reconstruction; SESSION 10: Landscapes, CRM and Ethics: POSTER SESSIONS.

Langeland Museum's underwater investigations of the submerged Late Mesolithic Ertebølle settlement Møllegabet I, off the small southern Danish town of Ærøskøbing in 1976, heralded a new era in investigations of the archaeology of the Northern European Stone Age. The submerged Stone Age settlements and graves, which have subsequently been investigated in the Baltic Sea area and in Danish coastal waters, have proved to have excellent conditions for the preservation of structural remains and items of organic material. The latter have contributed much new knowledge concerning the very high level of woodworking expertise and associated decorative traditions, as well as providing important information on the economy and burial sites of the Mesolithic culture.The submerged settlements have also given valuable information about the substantial shifts which occurred between land and sea throughout the Stone Age in Southern Scandinavia and Northern Germany. In a couple of cases it has been possible to find and uncover settlements from a virtually unknown chapter of the Stone Age in Northern Europe, lying at the transition between the Maglemose and Kongemose cultures. The Møllegabet II-settlement was investigated between 1987 and 1993, and with this publication it is the first major submerged Danish Stone Age settlement to be published in detail in monographic form including several scientific contributions. The study area is situated at a depth of almost 5m below sea level and contains, in addition to an extremely well-preserved dwelling site from the Early Ertebølle Culture (c. 5000 BC), a somewhat later burial in a dug-out canoe of a young male.With contributions by Sarah Mason, Lisa Hodgetts, Peter Rowley-Conwy and Annica Cardell

This monograph presents the results of the first planned archaeological excavations in the important Italo-Greek Abbey of Grottaferrata that was founded near Rome by St. Nilus of Rossano in 1004 over the ruins of a grand Roman villa. The research focuses on the transformation of the settlement and on the social, economic and cultural dynamics from Late Antiquity to the Renaissance and it has revealed the existence of previously unknown Late Antique and Early Medieval sites. Pottery vessels made in Rome and in Southern Italy in the 11th-12th centuries and walls made of Roman spolia belonged to St. Nilus' monastery. The monastery of that time had a church, a dormitory and a sort of borgo with agricultural workers' dwellings, stables and warehouses. Archaeological research has also shed light on the works commissioned by Commendatory Abbots between the 15th and 18th centuries. The important results of this Research Project were also thanks to the possibility of comparing the data of Grottaferrata with those that came from the first archaeological excavations recently undertaken in Italo-Greek monasteries in Southern Italy.

Actes du Colloque International organisé à Lyon les 8 et 9 novembre 2002, Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée

Section 6: Paleolithique Superieur / Upper PalaeolithicColloque/Symposium 6.411 papers from a session on Stone Age (Magdalenian) Europe presented at the XIVth UISPP Congress, University of Liège, Belgium, 2-8 September 2001.Contains papers in English and papers in French.

Dynasties 21-24 saw Libyan dominance in Ancient Egypt. This study examines a corpus of funerary stelae produced during this time to determine the effect of this period on the ways in which people projected their identity, particularly in terms of gender and ethnicity.

This study investigates hunter-gatherer responses to environmental change in south-western Australian forests. The study region is the Leeuwin-Naturaliste Region, extreme south-western Australia. It examines how hunter-gatherers reacted to terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene expansions of Karri (Eucalytpus diversicolor) tall open-forest, a forest type identified as difficult to occupy. The putative hunter-gatherer reaction requires careful assessment because past hunter-gatherers could have continued to occupy forested areas by using many different habitats within forests and controlling the extent of unfavourable habitats by firing. The author assesses the issue by reviewing ecological and archaeological research in south-western and south-eastern Australian forests and analysing archaeological evidence for occupation in various types of forest.