Books in the Business and Finance series

This study looks at all companies registered in Yorkshire and Humberside and where their total assets are more than £3,000,000.The region has a population of 5.5 million in 2017 with the UK being 66 million. There are seven cities in the region: Bradford, Hull, Leeds, Ripon, Sheffield, Wakefield and York; the largest towns being Barnsley, Doncaster, Grimsby, Halifax, Harrogate, Huddersfield and Scunthorpe.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the Yorkshire and Humberside corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also its full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in Yorkshire and Humberside:The region did rely on large-scale heavy industry, manufacturing, textiles and agriculture but is now moving to more diverse markets. Manufacturing currently accounts for just under a fifth of the region's economy. It has a higher percentage of companies in distribution, hospitality, manufacturing and public administration than in other regions whilst there is a smaller proportion in banking, finance and insurance. It is strong in food and drink, basic metals and metal products sectors. It also performs well in medicinal and pharmaceutical products, organic chemicals and general industrial machinery, which are the region's top three exporting sectors.There were 419,000 businesses in 2017 (UK 5,695,000). The number of new businesses in 2017 were 22,600 (up 11% on 2016) and the number that ceased trading were 23,935 (up 12% on 2016). Manufacturing jobs in 2018 was 9.9% of all jobs and public sector jobs was 17.7%.Total regional output (GVA) in 2017 was £112 billion (UK £1,748 billion) and total output (GVA) per head was £20,678 (UK £26,621).Cumulative economic growth from 2010 to 2016 was 12% in UK whereas the weakest growth was this region at 7% with the North East at 4%. Between 1998 and 2016, slowest total growth over this 18-year period was this region (29%), the North East and the WestMidlands (both 30%); London in comparison was 71%.The unemployment rate May-July 2018 was 4.4%.The region's investment in R&D is one of the lowest in the UK at 1.14% of GDP against UK average of 1.67%.

The book deals with a controversial and seemingly paradoxical relationship between selflessness and business. It depicts the primary and lasting controversy between the selfish (egoistic, competitive) and selfless (pro-social, co-operative) behavior in view of social, organizational and individual benefits. Therefore, it takes a step towards finding a solution to some of the challenges of the twenty-first century, particularly sustainable growth. The miscellaneous and transatlantic background of the Authors origins (USA, Colombia, Germany, Poland, UK, Spain) and their various perspectives (psychological, economic or philosophical) guarantee multi-voiced argumentation for strong relationships between selflessness and business.Selflessness is understood from a social perspective as related to self-transcendence and connectedness to others. This perspective can be helpful in providing a deeper understanding of pro-social behavior in organizations and its implications for productivity and effectiveness. The manifestations of this approach can be found in acts such as organizational altruism, loyalty, quantum leadership, or pro-social vocational interests.One can make an in-depth analysis of selflessness's manifestations on a social, organizational and individual level. The ensuing question is how to achieve self-regulation in order to maintain sustainable growth, and selflessness turns out to be the answer. This book offers strong evidence for high organizational and individual benefits stemming from selfless behavior. Therefore, it is not selfish behavior that enables and encourages productivity and effectiveness but rather selfless behavior. The book also tackles gender issues in business, especially regarding the social female role as being traditionally related to selflessness.The authors aim to reveal possible solutions to present and future challenges and enhance the meaning of positive outcomes of selfless behavior in business and work environments, which seems to be crucial and indispensable for future growth. The book will be useful not only for academic and business specialists but also for everyone interested in a broader perspective at contemporary challenges of business and organizational psychology.

Currency Risk Management (CRM) is vital for any business engaging in international trade. Fluctuations and uncertainty within currency markets mean that businesses must seek to effectively manage and anticipate potential risks when striking international deals. In a rapidly changing and volatile global business environment, CRM is now more than ever of critical importance. However, what risks should businesses hedge - and how? With so many viable strategies for hedging currency exchange risk, it is crucial that businesses either outsource or have a specialized team to ensure effective and efficient management of currency exchange risks. But how does CRM operate in an emerging market? And what are the key factors that influence the chosen CRM strategies? Organized in association with Indian Bank, GITAM's national conference on CRM sought to highlight the trends, problems, and prospects of CRM in India. Taken from the conference proceedings, this book presents 9 innovative research papers that consider differing CRM practices. From a comparative study of India and China to an assessment of CRM strategies used by commercial Indian banks, this book offers an invaluable insight into CRM from the perspective of an emerging market. As a whole, this book addresses India's shift to a market-determined exchange rate regime and the inevitable problems caused the by the high volatility of exchange rates. Aimed at students enrolled in commerce and management courses, this collection of research papers will also be of interest to researchers in international finance.

This study looks at all companies registered in Outer London and where their total assets are more than £5,000,000.The statutory Outer London boroughs are: Barking and Dagenham, Barnet, Bexley, Brent, Bromley, Croydon, Ealing, Enfield, Haringey, Harrow, Havering, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Kingston upon Thames, Merton, Newham, Redbridge, Richmond upon Thames, Sutton and Waltham Forest. The population in 2011 was 4,942,040.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the Outer London corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also its full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.For Outer London, total output (GVA) is twice that of Wales and three times that of Northern Ireland. Thus, the total output (GVA) per boroughs was £12.3 billion in Hillingdon; £10.5 billion in Hounslow and £9.4 billion in Barnet.For both Inner and Outer London, the population is 9 million (UK 66 million).The total output (GVA), in 2016, was £408 billion (UK £1,748 billion). The total output (GVA) per head, in 2016, was £46,482 (UK £26,621). Economic Growth (GVA), 2010-2016, was 3.2% (UK 1.9%).The number employed, May-July 2018, was 4,735,000 (UK 32,397,000) with an employment rate of 74.7% (UK 75.5%). The number unemployed was 235,000 (UK 1,361,000) with an unemployment rate of 4.7% (UK 4%).In 2017, there were 140,000 jobs in manufacturing (UK 2,685,000). Manufacturing employment, January-March 2018, was 2.4% of total jobs (UK 7.7%) Public sector employment was 13.6% (UK 16.6%).The number of VAT/PAYE businesses were in 2016: 477,000 (18.7%); in 2017: 506,000 (18.9%) and in 2018: 506,000 (19%).London at 1.1 million and South East England at 874,000 had the most private sector businesses, accounting for 35% of the UK.In 2017, there were 92,300 new businesses (up 15%) and 86,270 businesses ceased trading (up 14%). In 2018, there were 1,096,000 businesses (UK 5,668,000) and 239,000 employers (UK 1,360,000). In the UK, in 2018, there were 1,059 businesses per 10,000 resident adults. In London there were 1,563 businesses per 10,000 residents, the highest number of business density in the UK.London has a stronger service export than the rest of the UK. While London accounts for nearly half of UK service exports, it only accounts for 11% of goods exports, and for 27% of all UK exports. London's service exports are 29% of London's output, compared with 15% for the UK.

This study looks at all companies registered in Inner London and where their total assets are more than £100,000,000.The statutory Inner London boroughs are: Camden, Greenwich, Hackney, Hammersmith and Fulham, Islington, Kensington and Chelsea, Lambeth, Lewisham, Southwark, Tower Hamlets, Wandsworth and Westminster. The population in 2011 was 3,232,000.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the Inner London corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also its full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.For Inner London, there are approximately 288,000 businesses with around 2 million employees. Most commercial activity is focused on Central London and Canary Wharf and 10% of public sector employment is in Westminster.Over two-thirds of all London's GVA was produced in Inner London. 39% of all jobs are in four highly specialised, high value sectors (information and communication; finance and insurance; real estate; professional, scientific and technical).In 2015, there were 55,295 new businesses and 30,785 businesses ceased trading.Regarding both Inner and Outer London:The population is 9 million (UK 66 million).The total output (GVA), in 2016, was £408 billion (UK £1,748 billion). The total output (GVA) per head, in 2016, was £46,482 (UK £26,621). Economic Growth (GVA), 2010-2016, was 3.2% (UK 1.9%).Jobs in Manufacturing experienced a rapid decline from 872,000 in 1971 to 128,000 in 2015.The number employed, May-July 2018, was 4,735,000 (UK 32,397,000) with an employment rate of 74.7% (UK 75.5%). The number unemployed was 235,000 (UK 1,361,000) with an unemployment rate of 4.7% (UK 4%). In 2017, there were 140,000 jobs in manufacturing (UK 2,685,000).Manufacturing employment, January-March 2018, was 2.4% of total jobs (UK 7.7%) Public sector employment was 13.6% (UK 16.6%).The number of VAT/PAYE businesses were in 2016: 477,000 (18.7%); in 2017: 506,000 (18.9%) and in 2018: 506,000 (19%).London at 1.1 million and South East England at 874,000 had the most private sector businesses, accounting for 35% of the UK.In 2017, there were 92,300 new businesses (up 15%) and 86,270 businesses ceased trading (up 14%). In 2018, there were 1,096,000 businesses (UK 5,668,000) and 239,000 employers (UK 1,360,000). In the UK, in 2018, there were 1,059 businesses per 10,000 resident adults. In London there were 1,563 businesses per 10,000 residents, the highest number of business density in the UK.

This study looks at all companies registered in South West England and where their total assets are more than £3,500,000.South West England is the largest region by area (9,000 square miles) with a population of 5 million in 2016.The region comprises the counties of Gloucestershire, Wiltshire, Somerset, Dorset, Devon and Cornwall; The largest city is Bristol; other cities are Salisbury, Bath, Wells, Gloucester, Exeter, Plymouth and Truro.The most economically productive areas within the region are Bristol, the M4 corridor and south east Dorset, which are the areas with the best links to London. Bristol alone accounts for a quarter of the region's economy, with the surrounding areas of Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire accounting for a further quarter.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in South West England's corporate sector.Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also its full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in South West England:Total output (GVA), in 2016, was £127 billion (UK being £1,748 billion). Total output (GVA) per head, in 2016, was £23,091 (UK being £26,621). Economic Growth (GVA), 2010-2016, was 1.8% (UK being 1.9%).Employment, January-March 2018, in manufacturing as percentage of total jobs was 8.4% (UK 7.7%) and in the public sector as percentage of total employment was 15.5% (UK 16.6%).For the labour market, May-July 2018, the employment level was 2,789,000 (UK 32,397,0000) and the employment rate was 79.2% (UK 75.5%). The unemployment level was 74,000 (UK 1,361,000) with an unemployment rate of 2.6% (UK 4%).In 2018, there were 546,000 businesses (up 3%), (5,668,000 total businesses in the UK); and there were 126,000 employers (1,360,000 total employers in the UK).In 2017, there were 25,235 new businesses established (up 11%) and 30,040 businesses ceased trading (up 13%).In 2017, there wre 253,000 manufacturing jobs (9% of all jobs) and there were 12,180 manufacturing businesses.The region's largest manufacturing sectors are transport, food and drink and metals.The number of VAT and/or PAYE based businesses in the region were in 2016: 227,000 (8.9% of UK); 2017: 234,000 (8.8%) and 2018: 232,000 (8.7%).In 2017, the South West accounted for 7.2% of the UK's manufactured exports.

This study looks at all companies registered in South East England and where their total assets are more than £20,000,000.South East England (excluding London) is the most populous region with a population of 9.1 million in 2017 (UK 66 million).The region comprises the counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, East Sussex, Hampshire, the Isle of Wight, Kent, Oxfordshire, Surrey and West Sussex. The main cities are Brighton, Canterbury, Chichester, Oxford, Portsmouth, Southampton and Winchester.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in South East England's corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also its full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in South East England:Total regional output (GVA), in 2016, was £259 billion (UK £1,748 billion) with total output (GVA) per head, in 2016, being £28,683 (UK being £26,621).Employment level, May-July 2018, was 4,540,000 (UK 32,397,000) with an employment rate of 78.1% (UK 75.5%).There were 431,000 manufacturing jobs in the South East and London in 2018, accounting for 4.0% of the region's total workforce, the lowest of any region.The South East and London accounted for just under a quarter (24.8%) of all UK manufactured exports in 2017, the largest of any region.The South East and London is the most productive region in the UK with London's productivity at 127.8% of the UK average and the South East's at 104.3%.London and the South East have considerably more businesses than any other region. At the start of 2018: London (1.1 million) and the South East (874,000) had the most private sector businesses, accounting for 35% of the UK business population.In 2017, here were 299,000 manufacturing jobs in the region (6% of all jobs).In 2017, there were 51,965 new businesses (up 12%) and 48,295 businesses ceased trading (up 11%).

This study looks at all companies registered in the East of England and where their total assets are more than £8,000,000.The region has a population of 6.3 million in 2017 with the UK being 66 million.The region comprises the counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. The main towns are Bedford, Luton, Basildon, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Norwich, Ipswich, Colchester, Chelmsford and Cambridge.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the East of England corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also its full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in the East of England:The region is largely rural and coastal with many market towns and a few medium sized cities such as Peterborough, Norwich, Luton and Cambridge. The southern part lies in the London commuter belt. The regional economy is heavily reliant on services, with a strong financial services sector, but also automotive and pharmaceuticals sectors.Total regional output (GVA) in 2016 was £147 billion (UK £1,748 billion) with total output (GVA) per head being £24,041 (UK £26,621). Economic growth (GVA), 2010-2016, was 1.9%, the same as the UK.From May-July 2018, employment was 3,075,000 (UK being 32,397,000) with employment level at 78.4% (UK 75.5%). Unemployment rate in 2018 was 3.1% with the UK being 4%.Manufacturing jobs in 2018 was 7.7% of all jobs and public sector jobs was 15%.The region makes up 8.3% of total UK output, the third largest of any region. Manufacturing accounts for 11.6% of that output, just below the UK average.There were 14,040 manufacturing businesses in the region in 2017, an increase of 1.9% from previous year.The region's largest manufacturing sectors are food and drink, transport equipment and metals.The region had 565,000 enterprises in 2018 (down 1% on 2017) and 138,000 employers. Some 75% were made up of single employee businesses.There were 36,935 new businesses in 2017 (up 13%) and 37,770 businesses ceased trading (up 13%).

This study looks at all companies registered in the East Midlands and where their total assets are more than £9,000,000.The East Midlands is a medium size region with a population of 4.8 million in 2017, out of 66 million for the UK .The region comprises the counties of Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire and Rutland. The main cities are Derby, Leicester, Lincoln, Northampton and Nottingham.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the East Midlands corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also its full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in the East Midlands:Britain's hosiery and knitwear industry was largely based in the region, and in the 1980s it had more textile workers than any other British region. Derby was home to an important railway workshop. At its peak, Corby Steelworks was the largest in Britain.The region is the UK's eighth largest region in terms of total output.Total output (GVA), in 2016, was £100 billion (UK being £1,748 billion) while total output (GVA) per head, in 2016, was £21,185 (UK average £26,621).The total number employed, May-July 2018, was 2,278,000 out of UK total of 32,397,000 with an employment rate of 74.9% (UK being 75.5%).Manufacturing accounts for 16.7%, making it the region with the second highest proportion of manufacturing output within the UK, after Wales. There were 12,210 manufacturing businesses in the region in 2017. The region's largest manufacturing sectors are food and drink, transport equipment, rubber, plastics and non-metallic minerals.There were 294,000 manufacturing jobs in 2017 (12% of all jobs) while the public sector accounted for 15.6%.In 2016, the region had around 173,000 VAT registered businesses, mainly SMEs. In 2017, there were 22,565 new businesses set up (up 12%) and 22,740 businesses ceased trading (up 12%). The number of businesses, in 2017, was 371,000 (UK total 5,695,000).A new East Midlands Development Corporation (dev-corp) is currently being assembled.

This study looks at all companies registered in Northern Ireland and where their total assets are more than £800,000.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the Northern Ireland corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also their full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in Northern Ireland:There are some 120,000 small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) accounting for 75% of the turnover and employment in the private sector. This SME sector provides 81% of private sector non-financial GVA or nearly half of the total GVA of Northern Ireland.The number of VAT/PAYE registered businesses rose by 1,560 (2.2%) to 71,615. This marks the third consecutive year of increase following a period of decline from 2008 to 2014.The largest increases in the number of businesses since 2016 were in construction (+355) and production (+260) whilst the only decreases were in wholesale (-60), retail (-10) and health (-5).The largest increases since 2009 have been in agriculture, forestry and fishing (+1,480 businesses or 9%); professional, scientific and technical (+760 businesses or 16%) and information and communication (+525 businesses or 39%).Both construction and retail have experienced large declines since 2009. Construction has experienced the largest decrease of all industries in terms of absolute number of businesses (-2,590). The retail industry remains 11% (760 businesses) smaller than in 2009.Of the 71,615 businesses, 2.3% were non-Northern Ireland owned. However, these businesses accounted for almost one quarter of Northern Ireland employees.

This study looks at all companies registered in Wales and where their total assets are more than £850,000.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the Welsh corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also their full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the Welsh corporate sector:Wales has a population of 3 million or 5% of UK total.In 2016, Welsh GVA reached £59.6 billion (up 4.0% on 2015) with GVA per head of the population at £19,140, or 73% of the UK average.Of nearly 252,000 SMEs, over 95% are in the micro firm category, accounting for 56% of SME employment and 42% of SME sales. Medium sized enterprises (51-249) make up less than 1% of all SMEs but account for nearly one fifth of SME employment and nearly 30% of sales. A little over 17,000 SMEs in production sectors account for 56,000 employees.Since 1999, the number of jobs in the manufacturing has fallen by 30% (40% in UK), whereas the number of self-employed has increased by 40% overall. Between 2001-2015, 'human health and social work' had the largest increase in employment at 23%. This is now also the second largest sector by employment with a total of 205,000 workers. Social care for adults contributes more than £2 billion to the Welsh economy. However, 'wholesale and retail trade with motor vehicle repairs' remains the largest sector by employment with 207,000 workers.Welsh exports are worth nearly £15 billion in 2016, a rise of more than 10% year-on-year.For every 100 enterprises that started in 2013, typically only around 60 would still be active three years later. UK Start-Up Loans Company (SULCO), established in 2013, has provided an average of £8,000 to 1943 new companies.

This study looks at all companies registered in the United Kingdom and where their total assets are more than £240,000,000.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the United Kingdom corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also their full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital orlabour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in the United Kingdom:The UK's population is 66 million. UK GDP growth in 2018 is 1.3% with inflation (CPI) at 2.5%. The UK economy is nineteenth-largest measured by GDP per capita. The service sector contributes 80% of GDP. The pharmaceutical industry is the tenth-largest in the world.There were 5.7 million UK private sector businesses, 1.3 million of these had employees and 4.3 million had no employees, therefore, 76% of businesses did not employ anyone aside from the owners.There were 5.7 million small businesses (with 0 to 49 employees), which is 99.3% of the total business population. There are 34,000 medium-sized businesses (with 50 to 249 employees), representing 0.6% of the total business population and a further 7,300 businesses were large businesses (with 250 or more employees), which is 0.1% of the business population.The number of VAT and/or PAYE businesses in the UK was 2.67 million. 14% of sole proprietorships and 52% of partnerships were registered for VAT or PAYE. The number of companies represents 71% of total UK businesses. Some 45% was made up of single employee limited companies.The largest industry group is 'professional, scientific and technical', making up 17% of all registered businesses. London has the largest number of businesses being 19%, secondly was the South East at 15%. The North East of England had 142,000 private sector businesses, the least of any English region.There are 3.8 million registered companies. The average age on the total register in 2015-2016 was 8 years.UK manufacturing employs 2.6 million people, contributes 11% of GVA, accounts for 44% of total exports and represents 70% of R&D.

The Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015 introduced a new role to all United Kingdom companies, limited liability partnerships, CIC's and SE companies, called 'persons with significant control'.This study looks at all companies registered in the United Kingdom where another company has control where control is defined as: Ownership of shares - more than 50% Ownership of voting rights - more than 50% Right to surplus assets - more than 50% Has significant influence or control Right to appoint and remove members or persons This study examines only those companies that are controlled by other companies in the United Kingdom. There are 233,656 companies that are controlled in this way and there are 107,737 controlling companies. A companion study, Who Owns Whom: Foreign Ownership in the United Kingdom [ISBN 978-1-912736-04-1] looks at all companies in the United Kingdom controlled by foreign companies. The City Code on Takeovers and Mergers is a set of rules that apply to companies listed on the stock exchange. It is administered by The Panel on Takeovers and Mergers. Prior to 2006, the rules were voluntary but they are now statutory. In June 2018, the government made changes to the UK's merger regime to recognise the growing importance of small British businesses in developing cutting edge technology products with national security applications. The government amended the threshold tests for businesses in the military, dual-use, computing hardware and quantum technology sectors that are likely to have security implications. Ministers can intervene when the target business's UK turnover is more than £1 million, (down from £70 million under the previous rules) Recent acquisions: Zoopla Property Group PLC acquired Dot Zinc Ltd John Wood Group PlC acquired Amec Foster Wheeler PLC Busy Bees Nurseries acquired Treetops Nurseries The British United Provident Association acquired Oasis Dental Care Drax Group PLC acquired Opus Energy Group Ltd

This study looks at all public limited companies (PLC) registered in the United Kingdom.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers of PLCs. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also their full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the PLCs in the United Kingdom:A PLC can be either an unlisted or listed company on the stock exchange. Companies must include the words 'public limited company', 'PLC' or 'plc' as part of its name. Welsh companies may choose 'cwmni cyfyngedig cyhoeddus', 'CCC' or 'ccc'.The PLC form was introduced in the Companies Act 1980; prior to this, all limited companies had the suffix 'Limited' or 'Ltd'.A PLC must have a minimum allotted share capital of £50,000, a quarter of which, £12,500, to be paid up.The main advantage of a PLC is the ability to raise capital by issuing public shares.The main disadvantages are more regulation, higher accounting transparency and vulnerability to takeovers.The Unlisted Securities Market (USM), which ran from 1980 to 1996, was a stock exchange set up by the London Stock Exchange to cater for companies too small to qualify for a full listing. The USM allowed companies to be traded which did not have the full three year trading history required by the main market, or which wished to float less than 25% of their share capital.The Alternative Investment Market (AIM) was set up in June 1995 and USM companies could move their quotation to AIM or delist. Since 1995, over 3,000 companies have joined AIM raising more than £60 billion in new and further capital.JP Jenkins provides a matched bargain dealing facility for unlisted companies such as Millwall Holdings PLC and Rangers International Football Club PLC.The London Stock Exchange (LSE) has 1,450 companies listed and AIM 1,150 companies.

This study looks at all charities registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales and where their income is more than £1 million.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the charity sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the last five years' income, but also the date registered, their address, activities, telephone number, web address, number of employees and number of volunteers.Although charities have existed since before biblical times, and many current religious charities date back many centuries, they were only required to be publicly registered under the Charities Act 1960.The Charities Act 2011 lists the purposes for establishing a charity: the prevention or relief of poverty; the advancement of education; religion; health or the saving of lives; citizenship or community development; arts, culture, heritage or science; amateur sport; human rights, conflict resolution or reconciliation or the promotion of religious or racial harmony or equality and diversity; environmental protection or improvement; animal welfare; the relief of those in need because of youth, age, ill-health, disability, financial hardship or other disadvantage; and the promotion of the efficiency of the armed forces of the Crown or of the efficiency of the police, fire and rescue services or ambulance services.There are tax advantages for charities: no corporation tax is paid, no income tax is paid by the trustees, eligible for 80% mandatory relief on business rates. In addition, they can reclaim the income tax paid on donations through GiftAid and gifts are exempt from inheritance tax.The sector is characterised by large number of volunteers without whose dedication the relief that their respective charities provide would be diminished. Trustees, apart from expenses, normally receive no payment for their services. The charity sector is dependent on good people, but perhaps more importantly, given their large incomes, people with strong financial and management skills.Some charities, mainly for historic reasons, have long names. We have used these in the profile section but have abbreviated them in the league table. Thus, The College of The Holy and Undivided Trinity in the University of Oxford of The Foundation of Sir Thomas Pope, next to Blackwell's bookshop in Broad Street, is referred to as 'Trinity College'.

This study looks at all companies registered in the West Midlands and where their total assets are more than £6,000,000.The West Midlands is a large region with a population of 6 million in 2016, 9% of the UK population.The region comprises the counties of Staffordshire, Worcestershire and Warwickshire. The main cities are Birmingham, Coventry and Wolverhampton.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the West Midlands corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also their full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in West Midlands:The region is home to nationally significant manufacturing clusters, including advanced manufacturing in the Black Country and Derbyshire, the automotive cluster around Coventry and Warwickshire, the ceramics industry in Stoke and Staffordshire and an aerospace and transport manufacturing cluster centred around Derby.With Coventry as the City of Culture in 2021, there will be an economic boost to the city and wider region in the run up to 2021, and then a likely boost in the year itself.Employment in the region has seen a resurgence, with 110,000 more jobs recorded in 2017 compared to 2016, the largest absolute increase of any UK region.The region is the fastest growing region in the UK for goods exports - 27% (2015-17). Total GVA in the region increased to £92 billion in 2016 (4% growth compared to 3.7% nationally).Nearly 300 finance, professional and business services companies are headquartered in Birmingham.In the region 9.6% of businesses have a turnover of over £1m while there ard 42.6% with a turnover of less than £100k.The region's business base is growing and there are currently 159,355 active companies (390 per 10,000 population compared to 432 for UK). There were 27,550 new businesses started across the region in 2016 - double the UK growth rate.

This study looks at all companies registered in North West England and where their total assets are more than £6,500,000.North West England consists of the five counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The region has a population of 7 million and 3.5 million jobs.There are two large conurbations centred on Liverpool and Manchester.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also their full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in North West England:The region generated £165 billion GVA in 2016, exceeded only by London and the South East. This made the region the third-highest contributor of all the UK regions. The region's growth was 1.3% but still below the national average of 1.6%.There are many pockets of high growth within the region: parts of Cheshire and Greater Manchester, Warrington, and Blackburn and Darwen grew at a higher than average rate.The region's strategic importance to the government's Northern Powerhouse programme has attracted public and private sector investment.The value of construction work in the region jumped to more than £4.6 billion for the three months to August 2018, up £600m or 15% compared with the same period in 2017. Total construction output in Great Britain increased 1.5% for the period year on year, making the region's growth 10 times higher than the average.Manchester is ranked number one for city centre growth and jobs: population growth (2002-2015) was 149%, and jobs growth (1998-2015) was 84%. Greater Manchester has one of the highest number of business start-ups per 10,000 people out of all UK cities.

This study looks at all companies registered in North East England and where their total assets are more than £750,000.North East England covers Northumberland, Co Durham, Tyne and Wear and Cleveland. There are three large conurbations: Teesside, Wearside and Tyneside. There are three cities: Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland and Durham; other large towns include Darlington, Gateshead, Hartlepool, Middlesbrough, South Shields, Stockton-on-Tees and Washington.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the key movers and shakers in the corporate sector. Only key data has been isolated, particularly the company's net worth and total assets, but also their full name, date incorporated, registered office, activities, shareholders, directors (with date of birth, occupation and nationality) and number of employees.Two indicators of size are used: net worth and total assets. These are preferable to turnover which is influenced by profit margins and whether the companies are capital or labour intensive.A short summary of the corporate sector in North East England:Up until the late 20th century the region's economy was based on traditional heavy industries such as shipbuilding, coal mining, oil refining and chemicals. The key economic characteristic has been one of relative decline during latter part of the 20th century, as evidenced by the growing gap between the region and the national average in terms of economic prosperity.The region contribution to the UK's GDP is 3% of the UK total. On average, the region's manufacturing base contributes to 4.5% to the UK manufacturing base. In terms of GVA, the three biggest manufacturing industries are chemicals and chemical products, basic metals and metal products, and transport equipment.The region is the only UK region whose economy shrunk with GVA falling by 1%.In 2017, it had the second lowest employment rate in the UK, nearing 72% and the region with the highest unemployment rate in the UK (7%), far above the national average (4.8%).The region's investment in R&D is one of the lowest in the UK. In 2016, the share of population with tertiary education was 40%, below the UK (48%).