Books in the Elements in the Economics of Emerging Markets series

This Element provides a detailed analysis of official finances from China to Africa with special attention to the question of Africa's foreign finances policy. The findings reveal that Africa has an infrastructure gap and Chinese finances are largely used to fund infrastructure projects.

This Element provides a detailed overview of the structural changes in the Asia-Pacific region from the early 2000s onwards. It analyses cross-border interbank claims and liabilities, and evaluates the contagion risk to the individual countries spreading from the financial centres in Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo, New York and London.

This Element focuses on Latin American fossil fuel producer countries and how they are dealing with the transition towards a greener energy matrix. The challenges involved are multiple and ethical in substance. To tackle all these problems, this Element profits from contributions of different disciplines.

This Element outlines the characteristics of Central & Eastern Europe (CEE) digital markets, along with an additional contextual layer investigating online consumer behaviors. It wil analyze the opportunities presented by the digital economy in CEE and provide an actionable outlook for the e-commerce potential within the region's markets.

The empirical literature on the contributions of human capital investments to economic growth shows mixed results. While evidence from OECD countries demonstrates that human capital accumulation is associated with growth accelerations, the substantial efforts of developing countries to improve access to and quality of education, as a means for skill accumulation, did not translate into higher income per capita. In this Element, we propose a framework, building on the principles of 'growth diagnostics', to enable practitioners to determine whether human capital investments are a priority for a country's growth strategy. We then discuss and exemplify different tests to diagnose human capital in a place, drawing on the Harvard Growth Lab's experience in different development context, and discuss various policy options to address skill shortages.

The primary focus of this Element is to understand the rise of smart "e;social"e; infrastructures in BoP emerging markets like India. It has been observed that new focus areas and frontiers of global economy are taking shape where social and environmental outcomes along with economic performance are considered to be collective parameters for success or failure of the businesses. This has led to the emergence of new models of entrepreneurship namely for-profit social businesses. These new models are driven by problem-solving social innovators who are driven by the social and environmental mission besides economic gains. Sustainability and overall success of social businesses is driven by smart social infrastructure comprising availability of incubation ecosystem for social start-ups, access to patient capital, availability of digital ecosystem, adoption of circular business models, and focus on collaborations, partnerships and networking with diverse stakeholders.

Compares structural and Bayesian models to the random walk benchmark in forecasting exchange rates between South American currencies and the US Dollar, and between the Paraguayan Guarani, Brazilian Real and Argentinian Peso. Forecasts are evaluated using the criteria of Root Mean Square Error, Direction of Change, and the Diebold-Mariano statistic.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is reshaping the globe at a rate far quicker than earlier revolutions. It is also having a greater influence on society and industry. It is critical to comprehend this new era of technology since it will significantly alter life during the next several years in this age of technological advancement.