Books in the KWR Watercycle Research Institute Series series

Computational Fluid dynamics (CFD) uses advanced numerical models to predict flow, mixing and (bio)-chemical reactions.

Stochastic Water Demand Modelling: Hydraulics in Water Distribution Networks describes the requirements of hydraulics in water quality modelling and provides insight into the development of detailed residential and non-residential water demand models.

Stochastic Modelling of Drinking Water Treatment in Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment provides stochastic methods to determine reduction of pathogenic microorganisms by drinking water treatment.

This book analyses the particle-related processes involved in the generation of discolouration problems in the network.

The use of shallow geothermal energy (SGE) systems to acclimatize buildings has increased exponentially in the Netherlands and worldwide. In certain areas, SGE systems are constructed in aquifers also used for drinking water supply raising the question of potential groundwater quality impact. Impacts of Shallow Geothermal Energy on Groundwater Quality provides a hydrochemical and geomicrobialoverview of the effects of ground source heat pumps and aquifer thermal energy storage. The area is investigated with field and laboratory experiments, and reactive transport models, showing that shallow geothermal energy systems can influence groundwater quality in a number of ways. Most prominent inopen ground source heating systems operating at low temperature(<20C) is the physical mixing of deep and shallow groundwater of different quality distorting the natural water quality stratification in aquifers. At a temperature of 25C and beyond certain trace elements were observed to mobilize in laboratory experiments, and beyond 40C redox conditions change significantly while the microbial community shift towards a thermophilic community.Based on the results of this research, guidelines are presented for monitoring and permitting of SGE systems. The book is a useful resource for regulators of these systems, water companies and installers of the SGE systems.Author: Matthijs Bonte, Amsterdam, The Netherlands