Books in the Routledge Library Editions: Responding to Fascism series

In 1927 Hitler asked Gottfried Feder to formulate the official Programme of the German National Socialist Party. This title offers an English translation of the Programme.

Argues both that the Nazi regime represented a clear break from pre-War 'Prussian militarism' and that it was not a passing fad. This title describes a 'State of Monopoly Capitalism' in which large scale industrial and financial interests are paramount.

Combines an account of Mussolini's rise to power and a critique of the Italian fascist movement that was influential at a time when many observers were still sympathetic to fascism, at least in its Italian guise.

Presents a first-hand account of the authors' work with the Red Cross in central and eastern Europe at the end of the Second World War, including their work providing medical care to survivors at Auschwitz and Belsen.

Gives an account of Italian history in the years immediately following the first world war, culminating in the triumph of Mussolini. This book argues that Mussolini succeeded because he was much more ruthless than his opponents.

Activist, poet and novelist, Jef Last might have been the archetypal Republican volunteer but his experience left him even more disenchanted than most. Critical of Soviet Communism, a court martial loyal to Moscow tried to sentence him to death and he was forced to flee to Scandinavia. This book recounts the experiences of Jef Last.

First published in 1940, this title sets out to prove that the identification of 'Germany and the Third Reich, Germanism and Nazism, the German people and the Nazi Party' is a fallacy. It identifies widespread sources of opposition to the Nazi regime from all strata, including the Church and from the former socialist parties.

Like others adopting a similar position, the author believes that the terms of the Versailles treatment put Germany in an impossible position, and that the Nazis had inspired a recovery. First published in 1937, this title gives an account of the author's travels in Germany, and is largely sympathetic to the changes wrought by the regime.

Developing themes that were to become commonplace in the analysis of totalitarian regimes, this title provides an account of how higher education became a means of both installing and re-enforcing the dominant state ideology.

Offers an account of how the Nazis undertook a re-evaluation of German literature, making it sub-ordinate to their own interests.

The rise of fascism in Europe ultimately plunged the world into war and brought about the horrors of the holocaust, yet these outcomes were far from apparent to many observers in the 1930's. This collection represents some of the diversity of response as the English speaking world struggled to come to terms with the political upheaval.