Books in the SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology series

This Brief focuses on the dispersion of high-porosity particles, their entrainment into the vapor-laden stream, and the condensation of vapor onto the particles. They go on to consider the high-resolution simulation of particles in a turbulent flow and the time-dependent evolution of the fluid-particle fields.

Actual test data and both deterministic and statistical failure curves are presented.In Part II of the book, similar descriptions are given for delaminations in composite laminates. Two examples of specific laminates are presented: one with a failure curve and the other with a failure surface.

This is the first book to focus on solving cooperative control problems of multiple robot arms using different centralized or distributed neural network models, presenting methods and algorithms together with the corresponding theoretical analysis and simulated examples.

This book presents a simplified approach to earthquake engineering by developing the fragility curve for regular and irregular moment-resisting frames based on different types of structural material, height, and ground motion records.

This multidisciplinary book brings together medical, management, and architectural disciplines in order to formulate new approaches to the programming, planning, and design of healthcare facilities that will improve the quality of healthcare systems in rapidly developing countries, respecting local culture.

In this book a new model for data classification was developed. Some architectures were developed in order to work mainly with two datasets, an arrhythmia dataset (using ECG signals) for classifying 15 different types of arrhythmias, and a satellite images segments dataset used for classifying six different types of soil.

The language of business is the language of dreams, but the language of war is the language of nightmare made real.

This book approaches Location Based Mobile Games from a design perspective, investigating the peculiar traits that make them compelling contemporary practices and challenging fields of investigation.

This book highlights the applications of soft computing techniques in medical bioinformatics. It reflects the state-of-the-art research in soft computing and bioinformatics, including theory, algorithms, numerical simulations, and error and uncertainty analysis.

This book showcases different processes of fabrication and processing applied to shape memory alloys. It provides details and collective information on working principles, process mechanisms, salient features, novel aspects, process capabilities, properties of material and unique applications of shape memory alloys.

A combination of several technological, healthcare and financial factors are driving this trend to create a new healthcare model that stresses preventative 'health-care' rather than 'sick-care', and a shift from volume to value.

To construct approximate solutions, a variational method is employed as the basis for computational procedures where the Finite Element Method is applied. To avoid artificial stiffening effects, various integration types are applied, and the solutions generated are subsequently verified with closed-form solutions for monolithic limiting cases.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of current space exploration in terms of geopolitical and commercial aspects.

This Brief deals with externally finned tubes, their geometric parameters, Reynolds number, dimensionless variables, friction factor, plain plate fins on round tubes, the effect of fin spacing, correlations, pain individually finned tubes, circular fins with staggered tubes, low integral fin tubes, wavy fin, enhanced plate  fin geometries with round tubes, Offset Strip Fins, convex louver fins, louvered fin, perforated fin, mesh fin, vortex generator, enhanced circular fin geometries, spine or segmented fin, wire loop fin, flat extruded tubes with internal membranes, plate and fin automotive radiators, performance comparison, numerical simulation, advanced fin geometries, hydrophilic coatings, internally finned tubes and annuli, spirally fluted and  indented tube, advanced internal fin geometries, and finned annuli. The book is ideal for professionals and researchers dealing with thermal management in devices.

The knowledge of moisture migration inside building materials and construction building components is decisive for the way they behave when in use.

This open access book presents nine outstanding doctoral dissertations in Information Technology from the Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy.

In this book, the authors present a comprehensive study of the effects of operating parameters (load, amplitude, frequency) on dry gross fretting of rough surfaces. It helps the reader to efficient surface preparations in order to monitor and reduce damage caused by fretting.

The derivation and understanding of Partial Differential Equations relies heavily on the fundamental knowledge of the first years of scientific education, i.e., higher mathematics, physics, materials science, applied mechanics, design, and programming skills.

This book presents the potential applications of hard materials as well as the latest trends and challenges in machining hard materials. maximize: material removal rate, roundness and minimize: surface roughness, dimensional ovality, co axiality, tool wear) in machining for industry personal is solved using advanced optimization tools.

This book examines the various ways in which co-production can contribute to the creation, design, and delivery of public services, namely by engaging the expertise of users and their networks, by promoting public services that are better targeted and more responsive to users, by cutting costs against the background of austerity in public finance, by creating a synergy between government and civil society that will impact positively on social capital, and by addressing the challenges resulting from growing democratic and citizenship deficits. Particular attention is paid to local government and the health and social care sector. After definition of the concept of co-production, the critical issues which arise when public services are co-produced are discussed. Various experiences of co-production are presented and analyzed with a view to highlighting why, how, and with what effect public service co-production may be implemented. Individual chapters focus on the impact of co-productionin making cities smarter and the use of ICT in supporting co-production of public services. The book will be of relevance to a wide readership, from students to academics and professionals interested or engaged in public service management.

Three conceptual models that offer different perspectives on public and civic participation in complex urban planning processes are presented and reviewed: the consensual model, which conceives of planning as a collective decision-making practice geared toward consensus building and conflict resolution;

In this book a neural network learning method with type-2 fuzzy weight adjustment is proposed. The mathematical analysis of the proposed learning method architecture and the adaptation of type-2 fuzzy weights are presented. The proposed method is based on research of recent methods that handle weight adaptation and especially fuzzy weights.The internal operation of the neuron is changed to work with two internal calculations for the activation function to obtain two results as outputs of the proposed method. Simulation results and a comparative study among monolithic neural networks, neural network with type-1 fuzzy weights and neural network with type-2 fuzzy weights are presented to illustrate the advantages of the proposed method.The proposed approach is based on recent methods that handle adaptation of weights using fuzzy logic of type-1 and type-2. The proposed approach is applied to a cases of prediction for the Mackey-Glass (for ├┤=17) and Dow-Jones time series, and recognition of person with iris biometric measure. In some experiments, noise was applied in different levels to the test data of the Mackey-Glass time series for showing that the type-2 fuzzy backpropagation approach obtains better behavior and tolerance to noise than the other methods.The optimization algorithms that were used are the genetic algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the purpose of applying these methods was to find the optimal type-2 fuzzy inference systems for the neural network with type-2 fuzzy weights that permit to obtain the lowest prediction error.

Recent advancements in machine learning, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence technology will be addressed, and new business models introduced for and by artificial intelligence research will be analyzed.

Based on these experiences it extensively discusses evaluation, with a particular focus on service evaluation, and explains its importance in supporting service design and fostering innovation throughout the service design process.

This book explores the current challenges with regard to uncertainty and risk in water management, as well as the interlinkages between drought and water management.

This book presents a detailed discussion of the models that were developed to simulate the collapse and post-collapse behavior of steel pipes. The finite element method offers to engineers the possibility of developing models to simulate the collapse behavior of casings inside oil wells and the collapse behavior of deepwater pipelines.

This is the first book to focus on the topological index, the Harary index, of a graph, including its mathematical properties, chemical applications and some related and attractive open problems.

Low Voltage Power MOSFETs focuses on the design of low voltage power MOSFETs and the relation between the device structure and the performance of a power MOSFET used as a switch in power management applications.