Books published by Arcler Press

The North American educational system is not the same as those in different continents. Despite the fact that the governments contribute altogether to the public education spending plan, schooling is essentially the duty of local and state administrations. This volume mentions that in nations like Canada, the US, and Greenland, the local administrations have their own departments of education and finance, who are responsible for the employing of school workforce and educational planning. Local states additionally decide the level of training: in many states, education is mandatory from 5 or 6 to 16 years old; yet in certain states, adolescents need to remain in school until age 18. Thus, every state has significant power over what is taught in its schools, and over the necessities that a student should meet; they are additionally liable for the subsidizing of tutoring. The authors mention these topics among others to explain their opinion: Chapter 1: "How American Education Systems Have Evolved?;" Chapter 2: "North American Primary and Secondary Schools;" and Chapter 3: "The North American Higher Education System." The volume makes reference that in many States, the government-funded education system is additionally divided into neighborhood school regions, which are overseen by an educational committee, addressing the nearby local area. School districts may be little, covering only a tiny community or rural region, or tremendous, covering an entire city. They will likewise appoint a varied measure of independence to every school inside their area (with certain exemptions, for example, general principles regarding wellbeing and security).

Along with providing an overview of cloud computing, this book talks about the various other dimensions involved in it such as the risk issues and security challenges in cloud computing. It highlights the appplication safety and service vulnerability in cloud network. It also gives an introduction to IoT security and its open challenges, IoT architecture security and the introduction into the social network and its security issues, as well as the cyberspace security in the digital age.

A basic introduction into the network coding, the theoretical frameowork for network coding, its implementation in the wireless systems are the different topics that have been illustrated in great detail in this book. It further talks about the multicast network coding, its use in application layer multicast together with the benefits, applications and challenges of network coding, and also discusses security against adversarial errors.

This comprehensive guide provides a detailed overview of modern biometrics, which allows a person to be identified and authenticated based on recognizable, unique, and verifiable data. Biometrics technologies include detection of dormant fingerprints, iris, gait, or facial and voice recognition. Today, biometrics powers cutting-edge security algorithms. Biometrics is used for access into banks, airports or personal smartphones, which means that your money and personal information can be stored safely. Each chapter starts with a comprehensive review of the biometrics technology and its algorithmic description, describes how it works, and outlines all of the applicable and modern use cases of that technology. This book will be an invaluable companion guide to students wishing to become system designers, micro-engineers, security algorithms creators, security experts, and electronic security system manufacturers working on controls or microchips.

In this 21st century era, people tend to find another space for improving everything, including technology. This includes the possibility of reaching out more using routers and gadgets. Even businesses and mode of transportation involves a high demand on using a WMN or Wireless Mesh Network. WMN which is commonly known as one of the primary technology nowadays. This also helps in terms of understanding the network connectivity at any time, at a low cost. In Wireless Mesh Network, there are two kinds of a technique used, the Mesh Nodes and Mesh Clients. This two are known to be the backbone, the bridge, the way of reaching out for connectivity. One key challenge in adopting wireless mesh networking is the capacity of effective throughout that can be offered to the clients. Due to the broadcast nature of the wireless medium, signals transmitted from different devices over the same channel will result in a probable connection loss. Despite the probability of problems that may occur, the WMN is starting to grow its volume into a larger scale of communication. This book is a significant platform to discuss its future competencies and proficiencies in the communication of a greater ecosystem using Wireless Mesh Network.

This era of information technology has a distinctive features of enormous amount of data being produced and stored by all forms human activities. Computers are used to store a huge portion of this database called computer databases, making the data accessible by the computer technology. However, enormous amount of data creates a problem of extraction of valuable knowledge from the database. This books gives a secure method of data mining techniques taking into account the privacy and security of the data. Even in the disturbed environment, this approach can keep up the validity and authenticity of the data to produce the data after computation.

In current times, innovation has gained tremendous interest as a strategic tool for business. For many industries innovation in business includes either digital or bio-tech. However, across most industries innovation covers both finance, and labor, and is a crucial towards achieving overall performance, although there is currently no formal innovation strategy. In this book, the topic of innovation in the corporate environment is taken into consideration and is placed into the category of a technology lifecycle version to better understand the innovation process. This book explores some commonplace versions of innovation, techniques for innovation, and evaluates genericized business methodologies of technology, providing a listing of possible study areas. Growing international demand for innovation in business activities, is intended to grow and provide international financial competitiveness, inclusively as an impact of cognizance regarding the results of economic growth on intake of resources and environment, which calls for layout of new styles of manufacturing and consumption. This book critiques the contributions of technology in modern day society and business.

The need for high quality water to sustain different ecosystems is an important issue and there is a need for preservation of these natural ecosystems for better access of future generations. Selenium is one of the chemicals which is distributed widely in nature and is found in most rocks and soils at concentrations. It also transported via different ways such as water system of farming, coal burning, silver, gold, coal and phosphate mining, metal purifying, and city landfills. This book provides in-depth technical knowledge on the selenium contamination in water. It starts with a presentation of selenium science, dissemination and health dangers due to this chemical. It has 10 chapters about water quality and its indicators, a background history of selenium, its chemistry and toxicology, its contamination issues, and selenium health benefit as well its hazardous for the human beings. It also explains how to remove selenium from water, and what are the future directions in selenium removal technologies.

This volume discusses the models, definitions, and foundations of leadership in business organizations. Before addressing the fundamental concepts of leadership in corporate organizations, it first describes the understanding of the definition and the interrelationship between leaders, leadership, and change management. The author emphasizes the importance of leadership that influences business results and business organizational change processes. The second is the connection between the leader and employees. It recommends that business leaders should have adequate leadership skills, that is, communication, motivation, delegation, enthusiasm, trustworthiness, feedback, responsibility, creativity, dedication, and flexibility. This volume explores the nature of leadership styles in organizations. Some of the topics covered include: Chapter 1: "e;Introduction to Leadership;"e; Chapter 2: "e;Leadership Theories;"e; and Chapter 3: "e;Digitalization and Digital Transformation in Leadership."e; The volume mentions that neither men nor women will show more transactional or transformational tendencies. It is worth noting that women are significantly different from men on the transformational scale of personal considerations. In addition, the volume did not find any age predictive factors in leadership styles. Further research is needed on the leadership forms at different corporate levels, which may in turn help simplify professional training criteria and the prospects of different individuals for managing competence in the business environment.

New and emerging technologies as well as various well-known incidents within the medical device industry have challenged the current framework, highlighted gaps and pointed to a certain scarcity of skills and expertise. For this reason, there was increasing need to update the European Medical Device Directives. This has since led to the development and release of the Medical Device Regulation (MDR 2017/745) which has now put stricter regulatory controls on the entire product life cycle. Both the EU Medical Devices Regulation (MDR) and In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Regulation (IVDR) contain a complete section on economic operators for medical devices. Although the manufacturer is ultimately responsible for ensuring their medical device is compliant with the relevant legislation, the various defined economic operators within the Regulation, now have a part to play in ensuring the safety and performance of the device throughout the supply chain. This new policy of sharing compliance is an important component of the MDR2017/745 with each economic operator serving as a control on the other, causing each device to receive a number of checks throughout the process before it is brought to market. In addition to this, it also allows for any compliance issues emerging from any one of the economic operators to have a direct legal implication on the other. Changes brought about by the MDR2017/745 in Europe require not only manufacturers but all defined economic operators to take a proactive, multilevel and multidisciplinary approach when it comes to ensuring safe and effective devices are placed on the market. This volume looks at each Economic Operator in greater details with their relevant responsibilities.

This book offers a convenient approach for readers to comprehend the key separation processes (e.g., distillation, solvent extraction, absorption, membrane processes, etc.) using a reader-friendly writing style. Various separation technologies have emerged as promising candidates to fight the water crisis and poor sanitation. Although there are many books that discuss different separation technologies but this book contains latest and comprehensive overview of the contemporary separation techniques. Different chapters of the book provide a unique information that focusses on the rising importance of the separation techniques. The conventional separation processes include distillation, adsorption, absorption, filtration, chromatography, etc. These separation technologies have been in practice for decades and their pertinent methodologies are being upgraded regularly. On the contrary, novel separation technologies such as membrane processes, super critical fluid extraction and membrane bioreactors are getting reputation in modern plants. This book is predominantly designed to highlight these innovative separation technologies. Students, researchers, industrialist, and professors from the fields of chemical engineering, membrane engineering, and environmental engineering can benefit from the book. This book is also equally beneficial for people from multi-disciplinary backgrounds who want to equip themselves with fundamentals of separation processes.

Writing a research paper will help you develop or improve your reading skills. Writing a research paper is the primary channel for passing on knowledge to scientists working in the same field or related fields. It helps you in developing reading for critical evaluation not just for the purpose of knowledge. This book will strengthen the critical thinking skill of postgraduate students about how to answer the question. We hope that reading this book helps the intended readership to maximize their academic potential.

Statistics is a crucial process behind how we make discoveries in science, make decisions based on data, and make predictions. This book has been prepared for students that they have acquired or gain fair knowledge of statistics and easy presentation of simple language has written for proper understand each and every topic. The chapters have been so arranged to give a sequential knowledge of the introduction of statistics, etc., in this book with practical approaches. This book would serve not only for undergraduate but post-graduate students of biotechnology, MSc, BSc in Environment, Bioinformatics, and Agriculture, all life science students, BCom, MCom, B.A, M.A, MPhil, and also research scholar of various universities.

In this book, the fundamental of membrane science and technology and their application in water treatment is discussed. These days accessing to fresh water is a real challenge in some parts of the world, and membrane technology plays an important role for producing fresh water from saltwater or wastewater. Membranes offer substantial benefits over other available technologies as they are flexible and compatible with various systems. This book provides in-depth technical knowledge on the basics, applications, and latest developments of membrane science and technology. It has 8 chapters and each chapter contains a comprehensive analysis of a specific aspect of the membrane science and technology. It covers the current status of membrane technologies and a critical overview of new materials and processes, as well as opportunities for future research.

The book is written with a multidisciplinary ethos in mind. Hence, it may be useful for undergraduates studying biology, social biology, epidemiology, public health, sociology, social work, psychology, public administration, and many other related disciplines. I have deliberately avoided rooting myself in a specific discipline because one of the main lessons of pandemics is that they do not follow linearity and disciplinary silos. They instead impact on various facets of human life which have been invariably studied by a host of experts from a range of disciplines. Hopefully, this book will raise public consciousness about our vulnerabilities, strengths, threats, and opportunities so that we are better equipped the next time a Covid-19 happens.

There was a time when merely expressing same-sex attractions could get you hanged in many countries across the globe. Now, we are talking about same-sex marriage. This book charts the debates and evolution of same-sex marriage as a key point and process in the acceptance of sexual minorities. The book also raises questions about as-yet-unanswered questions about the future of LGBT people and marriage in general.

This book tries to make sense of the entire saga with reference to the management of a credit-based economy. The book borrows from the experiences of various countries during the credit crunch. It also makes use of existing theories about finance generally, and lending in particular. The book is relevant to those that are interest in finance generally. However, it adopts a developmental approach by focusing on the consequences of poor lending policies in terms of wholesale economic collapse.

By reading this book you will enter into the core of the problems that follows the dislocation of people. You will clearly see all the psychological, economic, cultural and social aspects which condition both the issues of crime in individual states and the way in which international law will be applied to these people. Of course, no less important is the issue of preserving the basic human rights of those who change their domicile for a certain reason. The approach to the problem is comprehensive, and will help us to better understand the reason for accepting or not accepting newcomers in the new environment.

We are now facing the new era the revolution of online education. This vast space called internet is a sensible choice to access quality education, whenever, wherever you are. With access to computers in learning, acquiring new skills, online learning is on the rise. Many students are attracted to the flexibility of online learning and combine their studies with work or personal commitments. Many experts believe online learning is the future of education. This book will gives you a wide understanding about the definitions, history of online education. The uses and applications of educational technologies, the social construction of digital life, the theory of e-learning, innovations and accreditation of quality in online education. As technology becomes more widely available, an increasing number of students will gain access to the kind of knowledge that can vastly improve their career prospects, and maybe even the world. Many students have multiple commitments, and they navigate to the flexibility of online courses. Online learning is about accessibility and inclusivity. It removes the physical barriers that prevent many people from fulfilling academic or career ambitions by allowing students to work anywhere. Online learning will continue to grow and improve, and become popular with the continual development of technology. But still, this convenient options depends considerably on the unique situations, needs, goals of international students around the world.

This book is a primer on child protection and case management. Using a multidisciplinary perspective with international relevance, the book explores some of the pertinent issues that have led to the changes in social work and social care with specific focus on child protection. The book conceptualises and defines the term child protection and its boundaries, narrates the role of parents, highlights the need for preventing systematic victimisation of children and offers clear understanding on the processes of intervention. The book will be a valuable resource for teachers, under graduate students and social work practitioners engaged in identifying and handling cases of child abuse and neglect.

We live in a world which is complexly interconnected and an ever burgeoning population means that the risks of outbreaks occurring are significant. The book charts the various typologies and examples of disease outbreaks, including ones that affect animals. It highlights the impact of the epidemics on the world economy as well as the range of options that might be considered while responding to the crisis. The book is relevant to undergraduates studying a range of disciplines, including medicine, economics, social work, psychology, politics, public administration, and international affairs.

Hospitality and travel industry are important around the world such as providing entertainment/leisure, meeting/conference and Visiting Friends and Relatives. In the twenty-rst century, tourism has become more global. There has been an increasing number of schools, researchers and journals across the world.From the most recent years, the Hospitality and travel industry has seen significant changes. Because tourism is a demanding industry, it is important to understand the impact of innovation and technology on customer deeds.This book is intended to review the history and current status of hospitality and tourism.

This is a novel handbook on pollution control in oil and gas industry that encompasses hundreds of multidisciplinary topics. However, the book is profoundly slanted towards management and pollution control in oil and gas industries. Multi-media contamination technologies are also covered in this book which contain detailed explanation of three different kinds of pollution, e.g., air pollution, soil pollution and water pollution. This book is divided into eight chapters. Initial four chapters introduce the audience with fundamental concepts of oil and gas pollution and its impacts. While last four chapters deal with pollution control mechanism. This book essentially covers the necessary requirements for soil, water and air pollution controls in oil and gas industries, petrochemical plants, oil terminals, chemical plants, and interrelated facilities. This book has been organized to help environmental scientists and oil and gas engineers as a hands-on reference for dealing with practices and technologies of pollution control. The details pertaining to all three kinds of environmental pollutions and their control strategies are exquisitely illustrated in this manuscript.

This book is mainly intended for undergraduate students of materials engineering and electrical engineering. However, the book is also beneficial for graduate students from various multidisciplinary areas including chemistry, physics, materials engineering, electrical engineering, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, biology and, and bioengineering. Researchers and scientists in the area of nanoscience and nanotechnology can also use the book for constructing the background essential to comprehend the fundamentals of nanomaterials. The world is rapidly moving towards technological evolution since the start of 21st century. Nanotechnology is revolutionizing the world due to its unique and extraordinary applications in almost every area of human activity. The advent of nanotechnology has resulted in the shrinkage of chips and electrical circuits from giant structures to the size of our finger nails. We can store data up to 1 tera-byte in a storage device. The smart watches are performing the tasks as a mini-computer. On the other hand, the development of smart-phone technology has completely revolutionized the world. The applications of nanotechnology in medicine and medical devices have resulted in efficient disease detection and higher cure rates. The use of nanomaterials in electronic sensors and solar cells is also getting great attention now-a-days. There are numerous other applications of nanomaterials in various sectors of materials development which are paving a way towards a nano-age. This introductory book on nanomaterials particularly addresses the necessities of engineers and scientists who require the basic knowledge about nanoscience and nanotechnology, without indulging into the minor scientific details.

Graphene is considered to be the pioneer two-dimensional material with an immense potential of research and industrial growth. It constitutes the foundation for novel electronic applications of nanomaterials. Successful segregation of single-layered graphene has instigated a lot of curiosity in unraveling the prospects of its use in synthesis of various electronic and electrical devices, predominantly because of its remarkable electronic characteristics. This book primarily focuses on practical uses of graphene determined by its unique characteristics. The mechanisms of thermal and electric transport in graphene, quantum dots, interface phenomena, non-equilibrium states, dissipation, and scattering are thoroughly discussed in the book. Detailed evaluations and comparisons between theoretical and experimental aspects of graphene based materials are illustrated with a range of practical examples. This book also emphases on carbon based nanomaterials (graphene) as novel materials for applications in modern electrical and electronic devices. The growth and applications of novel graphene technology are also discussed in the book. As new materials and new devices, nano-graphene materials are estimated to be pioneer materials that would surpass the conventional materials in terms of performance as well as cost. This book familiarizes the audience with latest accomplishments of graphene devices, and technological growth. The book is mainly focused at a broad range of audiences ranging from undergraduate students and doctoral fellows to industrial engineers and researchers. However, this book can be used specifically by materials scientists, chemists and physicists to expand their knowledge about synthesis, characterization and applications of graphene based materials.

Deep-learning and machine-learning have gained a significant importance in the last few years. New inventions and discoveries are taking place every day to exploit the concepts of machine-learning technique. The aim of this book is to present the fundamentals of machine-learning with an emphasis on deep-learning, neural networks and physical aspects of machine learning.Design of materials and molecules with desired features is an essential prerequisite for progressing technology in our contemporary societies. This necessitates both the capability to compute precise microscopic characteristics, such as forces, energies and efficient selection of potential energy faces, to attain corresponding macroscopic features. Tools required to achieve the above mentioned goals can be extracted from quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and classical physics, respectively. To overcome the challenge of technology integration, significant efforts are being made to speed up quantum physical simulations with the help of machine learning. This evolving interdisciplinary community consists of material scientists, chemists, physicists, computer scientists and mathematicians, coming together to contribute to the exciting field of machine learning and artificial intelligence.This book can be used as a reference material for acquiring fundamentals of machine learning from a physicists perspective. Moreover, people from all backgrounds can benefit from this introductory book on Machine Learning.

The book addresses fundamental conceptions in quantum mechanics. Its point of view goes from the classical to the quantum and back, taking the reader into a constant reviewing of the formulations, interpretations, and common misinterpretations in quantum physics. It has a good emphasis in the experimental grounds of the origins of quantum physics. The ontological and epistemological discussion related to quantum mechanics interpretations follow some of the recent approaches, giving a fresh review of the current state in the field.

This book covers some introductory steps in using R programming language as a data science tool. The data science field has evolved so much recently with incredible quantities of generated data. To extract value from those data, one needs to be trained in the proper data science skills like statistical analysis, data cleaning, data visualization, and machine learning. R is now considered the centerpiece language for doing all these data science skills because it has many useful packages that not only can perform all the previous skills, but also, has additional packages that was developed by different scientists in diverse fields. These fields include, but are not limited to, business, marketing, microbiology, social science, geography, genomics, environmental science, etc. Furthermore, R is free software and can run on all major platforms: Windows, Mac Os, and UNIX/Linux. The first two chapters involve installing and using R and RStudio. RStudio is an IDE (integrated development environment) that makes R easier to use and is more similar to SPSS or Stata. Chapters 38 covers the different R objects and how to manipulate them including the very popular one, dataframes. Chapter 9 is about importing different files into your R working session like text or excel files. Chapters 10 and 11 are dealing with different tidyverse packages that can do interesting summaries of different dataframes including different types of data visualizations. In the last chapter, it introduces how functions are created in R along with some control structures and useful functions. In all these chapters, many examples along with different codes and outputs are given to help your understanding of this powerful programming language. I hope this book will be great addition to your future data analysis projects.