Books published by De Gruyter

This title from the De Gruyter Book Archive has been digitized in order to make it available for academic research. It was originally published under National Socialism and has to be viewed in this historical context. Learn more .>

This title from the De Gruyter Book Archive has been digitized in order to make it available for academic research. It was originally published under National Socialism and has to be viewed in this historical context. Learn more .>

The burden of this book is twofold. The first half is charged with identifying and critiquing the many prejudices and misconceptions that inform popular - and even scholarly - perceptions of Islam and Iran, those rooted in neo-conservative hostility no less than those arising out of pro-regime apologetics or (what we will argue are) misleading "post-modern" methodologies. This is a key component of our overall investigation, both because the illusions occluding our view of the Islamic Republic are (we assert) piled so high and deep, and because setting the record straight on many a contentious issue is the most appropriate context for elucidating the positive positions of the revolutionary clerics. These last represent, perhaps more than anything else, the premier critics of Western civilization in our day, and their ideologies may therefore be best comprehended when placed in dialogue with, and in polemic against, the worldviews of that civilization (which in their own turn are often most profoundly understood when offset by their present-day Islamist nemeses). As noted above, it is not all contention: unexpected meeting points and congruities emerge, as well, when the activist Shi'ite clerics are placed in the same virtual room with their occidental counterweights. The second half of the book deploys a large number of rarely tapped primary sources, both ancient and contemporary, in order to tease out the attitudes of the class of Muslim scholars recently and currently at the helm of the Iranian state in a variety of significant fields, including the role of religion in society, the relationship between democracy and theocracy, the modern Western Weltanschauung, the Sunni-Shi'i schism, and much more. Though the author parses, and provides background and context for, the myriad citations from these influential Muslim thinkers, the ultimate objective is to allow them to speak for themselves.

The vast and ancient topic of kingship in India has mostly been studied from the perspectives of rulers and other elites. But what constitutes sovereignty viewed from "below"? This book - ethnographic and comparative in its essence - deals with indigenous conceptualizations of sovereignty taking as its starting point a local proverb that connects the ritual (Dasara) of the king with festivals performed by his "tribal" subjects. The first part of the book initially introduces some pan-Indian ideas of kingship and proceeds to discuss indigenous notions of sovereignty as represented in rituals and myths in the region concerned (highland Odisha). The second part is devoted to the investigation of the proverbial performances. Mainly based on historical sources first the Dasara festival of the king is discussed, subsequently the indigenous rituals are described and analyzed, which the author ethnographically documented around the turn of the millennium. Ultimately, the proverb and the rituals constitute the idea of a sacrificial polity in which rulers and ruled share sovereignty in the sense that they are co-responsible for the flow of life.

When describing the transition from Old Norse religion to Christianity in recent studies, the concept of "Christianization" is often applied. To a large extent this historiography focuses on the outcome of the encounter, namely the description of early Medieval Christianity and the new Christian society. The purpose of the present study is to concentrate more exclusively on the Old Norse religion during this period of change and to analyze the processes behind its disappearance on an official level of the society. More specifically this study concentrates on the role of Viking kings and indigenous agency in the winding up of the old religion. An actor-oriented perspective will thus be established, which focuses on the actions, methods and strategies applied by the early Christian Viking kings when dismantling the religious tradition that had previously formed their lives. In addition, the resistance that some pagan chieftains offered against these Christian kings is discussed as well as the question why they defended the old religious tradition.

How does the powerful effect that religion has on public and personal life relate to the various spheres of our culture? Is the relationship between power and religion always negative or can religion also affect individuals and societies positively? This volume of the EuARe Lectures, edited by Herman Selderhuis, collects the texts of the lectures delivered at the Third Annual Conference of the European Academy of Religion (2020) on the topic "The Power of Religion / Religion and Power". Scott Appleby explores the connection, in the religious imagination, among glorifying the divine, sanctifying the mundane and exercising political and cultural power. Cyril Hovorun addresses the issue of the politicization of religion, focusing in particular on Eastern Christian cases. Susanne Schröter offers an insight into the current debate on Islam in Germany. Finally, Kristina Stoeckl analyses the complex relationship among Europe's new religious conflicts, Russian orthodoxy, American Christian conservatives and the emergence of a European populist right-wing.

How and why did students at Kabul University engage in political activism or refrained from it between 1964 and 1992? Based on oral history interviews with former students, this book reveals how they - as many others around the world at the same time - were galvanized by and disappointed with promises of progress dominating local and international politics. During the 1960s, the international influences on campus encouraged students' engagement with competing political ideologies. Collective student protest against the monarchy turned into hostilities between opposing political groups within the student body claiming to lead Afghanistan towards independence and prosperity. After the coup d'état by the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) in 1978, none of the ideologies which had previously incited students provided hope for a better future anymore. Many students who had fought for the PDPA earlier were repelled by the government's violence and those who stood up against the regime were persecuted and fled the country. Overall, the dynamics of political activism at Kabul University reflect the deep intertwinement of the Global Cold War and local struggles for inclusion and independence.

The volume focuses on variants between the Masoretic Text and the Samaritan Pentateuch promptedby graphic similarities between letters. As a phenomenon that occurs during the transmission of ancient texts, an in-depth study of the linguistic and paleographic background of these variants provides fruitful ground for the exploration of the Pentateuch transmission.This volume gathers all the relevant variants from the Masoretic Text and the Samaritan Pentateuch, comparing them to further witnesses, primarily the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint. Each case is examined independently through a linguistic analysis of the variants, their process of development and an evaluation of which version is preferable (when possible). It then presents a statistical analysis of the data.Moreover, the volume offers a paleographic analysis of the interchanging letters in the three relevant scripts - Hebrew, Jewish, and Samaritan script. Through this process it determines the script in which the variants have occurred and estimates the chronological framework of the variants.This study has implications for the textual history of the Samaritan Pentateuch and, more broadly, for the distribution of the Pentateuch and the extent of its transmission in the late Second Temple period.

The concepts of "plurilinguism" and "multilingualism" are normally used in studies dealing with current linguistic realities observed in communities of speakers. This volume collects eleven essays which apply these categories to historical settings, spanning a period from the Middle Ages until the late Renaissance. It demonstrates that contacts between languages have, for centuries, characterized and shaped the linguistic realities of Europe.

This volume offers an examination of varied forms of expressions of heresy in Jewish history, thought and literature. Contributions explore the formative role of the figure of the heretic and of heretic thought in the development of the Jewish traditions from antiquity to the 20th century. Chapters explore the role of heresy in the Hellenic period and Rabbinic literature; the significance of heresy to Kabbalah, and the critical and often formative importance the challenge of heresy plays for modern thinkers such as Spinoza, Freud, and Derrida, and literary figures such as Kafka, Tchernikhovsky, and I.B. Singer. Examining heresy as a boundary issue constitutive for the formation of Jewish tradition, this book contributes to a better understanding of the significance of the figure of the heretic for tradition more generally.

Over the last twenty years, the rise of Qur'anic studies has been one of the most remarkable developments within the wider framework of Islamic scholarship. This evolution can be viewed from three angles: exponential growth in the accessibility of relevant primary; the use of contemporary methods for developing new analytical agendas; a renewed appreciation of diverse hermeneutical orientations. A veritable gold-rush of publications, theses, colloquia and study projects devoted to the Qur'an in the past two decades illustrates these developments. This scholarly community subsists primarily in European countries and the United States, but its effects are not limited there. The reception and dissemination of this work in Muslim-majority countries is constant and bodes as a promising opportunity to establish a real dialogue between scholars and lived community. The present book contains expert contributions emerging from this nexus, with scholars from North African, Middle Eastern and Western backgrounds who share a common ambition: to advance academic study of the Qurʾan by promoting cooperation across global boundaries.

The Commentary on Matthew is one of Origen's works we can partially read in Greek language. Nonetheless, this Greek text doesn't reproduce Origen's work in its original form but in a later abridgement. The shortened nature of the Greek text is demonstrated thanks to a close comparison with fragments from exegetical catenae (cap. 1) and with an anonymous Latin translation (cap. 2). Particular attention is devoted to a 5th-century palimpsest fragments of the unabridged Commentary (cap. 4). The previous editor of the Commentary tried to restore the original form Greek text by mean of large number of conjectures mainly based on the Latin translation. His results weren't anyway satisfactory. In this volume the autonomy of the Greek abridgement is reestablished: a sample of this enterprise is offered in the new critical edition of books 12 and 13. This volume offers a comprehensive study of the manuscript tradition of the Commentary on Matthew (cap. 5) and takes into consideration the general process of reduction undergone by Origen's sometimes verbose production.

This book gives an overview on the fundamentals and recent developments in the field of luminescent materials. Starting from the definitions and properties of phosphors, novel application areas as well as spectroscopic methods for characterization will be described. The reader will benefit from the vast knowledge of the authors with backgrounds in industry as well as academia.

The final text of the Book of Micah provokes a series of questions: - Can the Book be read as a coherent composition or is it the result of a complex redaction history?- Was Micah a prophet of doom whose literary heritage was later softened by the inclusion of oracles of salvation?The essays in this book center around these questions. Some of them are of a more general character, while others analyze specific passages. Some articles discuss the Book of Micah by looking at specific themes (prophecy; religious polemics; metaphors). The others are concerned with the proclamation of a peaceful future (Micah 4:1-5); the famous moral incentive in Micah 6:8 and the question of prophetic and divine gender in Micah 7:8-13. They have two features in common: - A thorough reading of the Hebrew text informed by grammar and syntax.- A comparative approach: the Book of Micah is seen as part of the ancient Near Eastern culture.All in all, the author defends the view that the Book of Micah contains three independent literary elements: Micah 1: a prophecy of doom; Micah 2-5 a two-sided futurology, and 6-8 a later appropriation of Micah's messag

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Columbus Karl Werder, Otto Gildemeister W. F. Fontane & co., 1893 Biography & Autobiography; Adventurers & Explorers; Biography & Autobiography / Adventurers & Explorers; History / North America

Was geschieht mit der Stadt und dem urbanen Leben in Kriegszeiten? Dass Städte vom Krieg nie unberührt waren, ist offensichtlich, doch ist es ein Merkmal kriegerischer Gewalt spätestens ab 1914, dass die Grenzen der Front sich auflösen und zwischen der "Heimatfront", dem eigentlichen Kriegsgeschehen und dem Nachkrieg ein Kontinuum entsteht. Wie gestaltet sich unter diesen Bedingungen die kulturelle Produktion - zwischen privatem Notat und öffentlichem Auftritt, zwischen Zensur und propagandistischer Instrumentalisierung? Welche Art von Literatur entsteht in dieser Situation, und welche Art von Literatur reflektiert sie im Rückblick? Auf welche Weise wird die Stadt zum ideologischen Schlachtfeld - nicht zuletzt auch im Ringen um den Entwurf einer Nachkriegskunst und -gesellschaft? Wie unterscheiden sich Großstädte, die während des Kriegs okkupiert sind, von solchen, die nah, und solchen, die fern dem Kampfgeschehen liegen? Wie wirkt sich die Kriegserfahrung, die an vielen Orten nach Kriegsende in Bürgerkriegszustände übergeht, auf die urbane Kultur der Nachkriegszeit aus? Solchen Fragen gehen die Beiträge dieses Bandes in einer vergleichenden europäischen Perspektive für die Zeit von 1914 bis 1945 nach.

Der Jalkut Schimoni ist ein Sammelwerk rabbinischer Auslegungen zur gesamten hebräischen Bibel. Unerforscht ist, nach welchen Kriterien die Auslegungen ausgewählt wurden und ob das Werk als umfassendes Nachschlagewerk für exegetische Fragen, zur Verbindung von Bibelauslegung in Talmud und Midrasch oder zur Reform der rabbinischen Auslegungstradition konzipiert wurde. Die Übersetzung des Werkes ist ein erster Schritt, diese Fragen zu beantworten.

Il volume presenta un saggio di glossario dialettale diacronico (A-B) esteso a tutte e quattro le redazioni del Baldus di Teofilo Folengo (1491-1544). Il lavoro coniuga lessicografia dialettale e filologia d'autore. Si tratta, infatti, per quanto attiene al primo ambito, di un glossario esaustivo dei dialettismi, nel quale si mira a ricostruire l'area di diffusione delle parole dialettali presupposte dai macaronismi del Baldus, con ampiezza di riscontri dialettali, indicazione della prima attestazione e dell'etimo. Ma, oltre a questo, il glossario si configura anche come una concordanza diacronica: per ogni lemma è fornita la lista completa dei contesti in cui occorre nelle quattro redazioni del Baldus e di ogni contesto è ricostruita la storia redazionale; a ciascun luogo in cui è attestato un dialettismo si è affiancato il luogo corrispondente nelle altre redazioni, così da fornire sistematicamente una rappresentazione esplicita del movimento variantistico. L'introduzione al glossario illustra le categorie linguistiche fondamentali per una descrizione del macaronico di Folengo, analizza la componente dialettale del lessico del Baldus, in termini di geografia linguistica e di evoluzione diacronica attraverso le quattro redazioni, e analizza il contributo del Baldus alla lessicografia italoromanza.

PREDIGTEN

Social Studies of the sciences have long analyzed and exposed the constructed nature of knowledge. Pioneering studies of knowledge production in laboratories (e.g., Latour/Woolgar 1979; Knorr-Cetina 1981) have identified factors that affect processes that lead to the generation of scientific data and their subsequent interpretation, such as money, training and curriculum, location and infrastructure, biography-based knowledge and talent, and chance. More recent theories of knowledge construction have further identified different forms of knowledge, such as tacit, intuitive, explicit, personal, and social knowledge. These theoretical frameworks and critical terms can help reveal and clarify the processes that led to ancient data gathering, information and knowledge production.　 The contributors use late-antique hermeneutical associations as means to explore intuitive or even tacit knowledge; they appreciate mistakes as a platform to study the value of personal knowledge and its premises; they think about rows and tables, letter exchanges, and schools as platforms of distributed cognition; they consider walls as venues for social knowledge production; and rethink the value of social knowledge in scholarly genealogies-then and now.

Can words be danced? Can dance be written down? What inspires choreographers? How do dancers write? This volume delves into questions like these and presents manifold points of contact between French literature and dance. It both looks at texts in which authors deal with elements of dance and sheds light on the way that choreographers and dancers engage with literature.

Kleine Formen - wie das Exzerpt, die Liste, der Aphorismus, aber auch der Scherenschnitt - sind häufig Produkte von gezielten Zurichtungen des Kleinmachens. Manche dieser Operationen sind von Zeit- und Platzknappheit erzwungen, andere folgen dem ästhetischen Eigensinn, stehen im Dienst der Formalisierung oder der Konzentration auf Partikulares. Die hier versammelten Fallstudien nähern sich den Eigenheiten solcher Kleinformen über die zugrundeliegenden Verfahren der Reduktion, Selektion, Verdichtung und Transposition. Von einem dynamisierten Formkonzept ausgehend, suchen sie Antworten auf die Fragen: Wie wird das Kleine klein? Und wie wird es Form?

Neoplatonists from Plotinus onward incorporate Aristotle's logic and ontology into their philosophies: this process is of both intrinsic and historical interest and paves the way for subsequent philosophical debates in the Middle Ages and beyond. The ten essays collected in this book focus on the readings of Aristotle by Plotinus, Porphyry, and Iamblichus in the 3rd and 4th centuries. Their discussions cover key issues in the history of logic and metaphysics such as substance, hylomorphism, causation, existence, and predication. Among the topics tackled in this volume are Plotinus' criticism of Aristotle's physical essentialism, which is a major chapter in the history of metaphysics, and the interpretation of Porphyry's Isagoge, one of the most influential and enigmatic works in the history of philosophy. Further essays focus on the readings of Aristotle's categories developed by Porphyry and Iamblichus, which raise interesting questions at the intersection of logic and ontology, and on the integration of Aristotle's ontology into Neoplatonist accounts of being and existence.

Keine ausführliche Beschreibung für "FORTSCHRITTE D. PHYSIK (KRÖNIG) 12/1856 FPHY" verfügbar.

Both our view of Seneca's philosophical thought and our approach to the ancient consolatory genre have radically changed since the latest commentary on the Consolatio ad Marciam was written in 1981. The aim of this work is to offer a new book-length commentary on the earliest of Seneca's extant writings, along with a revision of the Latin text and a reassessment of Seneca's intellectual program, strategies, and context. A crucial document to penetrate Seneca's discourse on the self in its embryonic stages, the Ad Marciam is here taken seriously as an engaging attempt to direct the persuasive power of literary models and rhetorical devices toward the fundamentally moral project of healing Marcia's grief and correcting her cognitive distortions. Through close reading of the Latin text, this commentary shows that Seneca invariably adapts different traditions and voices - from Greek consolations to Plato's dialogues, from the Roman discourse of gender and exemplarity to epic poetry - to a Stoic framework, so as to give his reader a lucid understanding of the limits of the self and the ineluctability of natural laws.