Books published by Elsevier Science & Technology

Global Change and Forest Soils: Cultivating Stewardship of a Finite Natural Resource, Volume 36, provides a state-of-the-science summary and synthesis of global forest soils that identifies concerns, issues and opportunities for soil adaptation and mitigation as external pressures from global changes arise. Where, how and why some soils are resilient to global change while others are at risk is explored, as are upcoming train wrecks and success stories across boreal, temperate, and tropical forests. Each chapter offers multiple sections written by leading soil scientists who comment on wildfires, climate change and forest harvesting effects, while also introducing examples of current global issues. Readers will find this book to be an integrated, up-to-date assessment on global forest soils.Presents sections on boreal, temperate and tropical soils for a diverse audienceServes as an important reference source for anyone interested in both a big-picture assessment of global soil issues and an in-depth examination of specific environmental topicsProvides a unique synthesis of forest soils and their collective ability to respond to global changeOffers chapters written by leading soil scientists Prepares readers to meet the daily challenges of drafting multi-resource environmental science and policy documents

Petroleum Reservoir Simulation, Second Edition, introduces this novel engineering approach for petroleum reservoir modeling and operations simulations. Updated with new exercises, a new glossary and a new chapter on how to create the data to run a simulation, this comprehensive reference presents step-by-step numerical procedures in an easy to understand format. Packed with practical examples and guidelines, this updated edition continues to deliver an essential tool for all petroleum and reservoir engineers. Includes new exercises, a glossary and referencesBridges research and practice with guidelines on introducing basic reservoir simulation parameters, such as history matching and decision tree content Helps readers apply knowledge with assistance on how to prepare data files to run a reservoir simulator

Primer on Enhanced Oil Recovery gives the oil and gas market the introductory information it needs to cover the physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbon reservoir fluids and rock, drilling operations, rock-fluid interactions, recovery methods, and the economy of enhanced oil recovery projects. Beginning with introductory materials on basic physics and oil-rock interaction, the book then progresses into well-known types of EOR, such as gas injection and microbial EOR. Other sections cover hybrid EOR, smart water/low salinity and solar EOR. Worldwide case study examples give engineers the go-to starting point they need to understand the fundamentals of EOR techniques and data.Discusses basic physics and chemistry in oil, oil-rock interaction, variation of oil, and interaction properties with temperatureHelps readers understand why and when EOR can be used Includes data on EOR implementation and economics

Oil Recovery in Shale and Tight Reservoirs delivers a current, state-of-the-art resource for engineers trying to manage unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Going beyond the traditional EOR methods, this book helps readers solve key challenges on the proper methods, technologies and options available. Engineers and researchers will find a systematic list of methods and applications, including gas and water injection, methods to improve liquid recovery, as well as spontaneous and forced imbibition. Rounding out with additional methods, such as air foam drive and energized fluids, this book gives engineers the knowledge they need to tackle the most complex oil and gas assets. Helps readers understand the methods and mechanisms for enhanced oil recovery technology, specifically for shale and tight oil reservoirsIncludes available EOR methods, along with recent practical case studies that cover topics like fracturing fluid flow backTeaches additional methods, such as soaking after fracturing, thermal recovery and microbial EOR

Shale Oil and Gas Production Processes delivers the basics on current production technologies and the processing and refining of shale oil. Starting with the potential of formations and then proceeding to production and completion, this foundational resource also dives into the chemical and physical nature of the precursor of oil shale, kerogen, to help users understand and optimize its properties in shale. Rounding out with reporting, in situ retorting, refining and environmental aspects, this book gives engineers and managers a strong starting point on how to manage the challenges and processes necessary for the further development of these complex resources.Helps readers grasp current research on production from shale formations, including properties and compositionFill in the gaps between research and practical application, including discussions of existing literature Includes a glossary to help readers fully understand key concepts

Handbook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes, Second Edition, provides an analysis of the process steps required to produce hydrocarbons from various raw materials and how the choice of a process depends not only on technology, but also on external effects, such as social and economic developments, political factors affecting the availability of raw materials, and environmental legislation. This book qualitatively examines chemical processes and plant design by showing the factors determining process structures, including the underlying chemistry, feedstock, product specifications and reactor design. The book also compares the processes for different products based on raw materials and manufacturing processes based on their respective applications. With the addition of useful flowcharts that present an overview of the chemical processes, process design and equipment, this book is a valuable resource to industry professionals on how to understand how hydrocarbons are produced from different raw materials and how to develop an instinct for the right process development strategy.Provides a qualitative analysis of chemical processes and plant design by showing the factors determining process structuresPresents chemical processes in an organized, easy-to-read and understandable manner with the use of useful flowcharts and concise descriptionsIncludes updates on changes in existing technological and chemical processes, as well as possible future improvements or changes to other more economic or more readily available feedstocks

Spectroscopy of Lanthanide Doped Oxide Materials provides a comprehensive overview on the most essential characterization techniques of these materials, along with their key applications. The book describes the application of optical spectroscopy of lanthanides doped inorganic phosphor hosts and gives information about their structure and morphology, binding energies, energy of transition and band gap. Also discussed are the properties and applications of rare earth doped inorganic materials and the barriers and potential solutions to enable the commercial realization of phosphors in important applications. The book reviews key information for those entering the field of phosphor research, along with the fundamental knowledge of the properties of transition series elements under UV/Visible/NIR light exposer. Low-cost materials methods to synthesize the materials and spectroscopic characterization methods are also detailed.Reviews the barriers and potential solutions to enable commercial realization of inorganic phosphorsDiscusses low-cost material methods to synthesize and characterize lanthanide doped oxide materialsProvides readers with a comprehensive overview on key properties for the most relevant applications, such as lighting and display, energy conversion and solar cell devices

The Role of the Electronic Resources Librarian focuses on longstanding hurdles to the transition of libraries from print collections, to online information services, all from an Electronic Resources Librarian (ERL) perspective. Problems covered include cost containment for electronic serials, web design, discovery, customer service, efficiency, and adapting organizations to the needs of contemporary users. The title considers the historical development of the ERL role, how the position emerged in North America in the 1990s, how it is represented within the organizational structure of academic libraries, and how the ERL role maps to technology, information services, and professional identity trends.Explores the changing role of the Electronic Resources Librarian (ERL)Identifies long-term trends in Electronic Resource ManagementRecommends best practices for the ERL role in modern librariesContextualizes the current ERL role in historical and current developmentsMaps the ERL role to trends in technology, information services and the shifting professional identity of academic librarians

Sustainable Technologies for Fashion and Textiles combines the latest academic research and industrial practices to shed light on a wide range of activities that influence how the textiles industry affects the natural environment. Pressure from regulators, customers and other stakeholders has pressed companies to translate general sustainability concepts and ideas into business practices. This is leading to improvements in how the industry consumes water, electricity and chemicals, and to a reduction in the amount of waste generated by textile processes. This book groups approaches to these topics under four themes, fiber, yarn and fabric production, chemical processing, garment manufacturing and recycling. Addresses sustainability challenges that occur throughout the supply chain, from the sourcing of raw materials, to recycling finished productsProvides introductions to sustainability-both in general and within the textiles industry-making this topic accessible for readers of all backgroundsCompares the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to sustainability, helping readers avoid pitfalls when devising their own strategies

Dental Implants and Bone Grafts: Materials and Biological Issues brings together cutting-edge research to provide detailed coverage of biomaterials for dental implants and bone graft, enabling scientists and clinicians to gain a thorough knowledge of advances and applications in this field. As tooth loss and alveolar bony defects are common and pose a significant health problem in dental clinics, this book deals with timely topics, including alveolar bone structures and pathological changes, reviews of indications and advantages of biomaterials for dental implants and bone graft, design and surface modification, biological interaction and biocompatibility of modern dental implants and bone graft, and new frontiers. This book is a highly valuable resource for scientists, clinicians and implantologists interested in biomaterial and regenerative strategies for alveolar bone reconstruction.Focuses on the structure, function and pathology of alveolar bone systemConsiders the issues involved in selecting biomaterials for dental implants and bone graftsDiscusses the requirements for optimal dental implant osseointegration and alveolar bone replacements/reconstructionExplains the biological basis of dental implants and bone grafts

Plastics: Microstructure and Applications is a key text for senior students studying the science and engineering of plastics materials (or polymers) and will serve as a valuable introduction to the fundamentals of polymer properties for those new to the field. Starting from microstructure and physical properties, the book covers the mechanical, chemical, transport and electrical properties of plastics materials and also deals in detail with wider issues that today''s engineers and materials scientists need, such as manufacturing processes and the design of plastics products. A thorough revision of the book for this 4th edition reflects advances in the field by including more detailed discussion of characterization techniques, crystallization and molecular structure, thermoplastic composites, 3D printing and electrical properties of plastics. The chapter on materials and shape selection covers sustainability, life cycle analysis and waste disposal considerations for plastics materials. Provides introductory information for students of plastics technology, materials science and engineering, mechanical engineering and other fields.A useful introduction to the fundamentals of plastics for academic and industrial researchers from other fields.Includes substantial new coverage of microstructure and morphology of polymers; electrical properties of plastics; modern additive manufacturing and consideration of sustainability and life cycle analysis of plastic materials.

Dielectric Metamaterials: Fundamentals, Designs, and Applications links fundamental Mie scattering theory with the latest dielectric metamaterial research, providing a valuable reference for new and experienced researchers in the field. The book begins with a historical, evolving overview of Mie scattering theory. Next, the authors describe how to apply Mie theory to analytically solve the scattering of electromagnetic waves by subwavelength particles. Later chapters focus on Mie resonator-based metamaterials, starting with microwaves where particles are much smaller than the free space wavelengths. In addition, several chapters focus on wave-front engineering using dielectric metasurfaces and the nonlinear optical effects, spontaneous emission manipulation, active devices, and 3D effective media using dielectric metamaterials. Highlights a crucial link in fundamental Mie scattering theory with the latest dielectric metamaterial research spanning materials, design and applicationsIncludes coverage of wave-front engineering and 3D metamaterialsProvides computational codes for calculating and simulating Mie resonances

Handbook of Magnetic Materials, Volume 28, covers the expansion of magnetism over the past few decades and its applications in research, notably the magnetism of several classes of novel materials that share the presence of magnetic moments with truly ferromagnetic materials. The book is an ideal reference for scientists active in magnetism research, providing readers with novel trends and achievements in magnetism. Each article contains an extensive description given in graphical, as well as tabular form, with much emphasis placed on the discussion of the experimental material within the framework of physics, chemistry and materials science. Comprises topical review articles written by leading authoritiesIncludes a variety of self-contained introductions to a given area in the field of magnetism without requiring recourse to the published literatureIntroduces given topics in the field of magnetismDescribes novel trends and achievements in magnetism

Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths: Including Actinides, Volume 56, is a continuous series of books covering all aspects of rare earth science, including chemistry, life sciences, materials science and physics. The book''s main emphasis is on rare earth elements [Sc, Y, and the lanthanides (La through Lu], but whenever relevant, information is also included on the closely related actinide elements. Individual chapters in this release include Lanthanide Molecules for Spin-based Quantum Technologies, Modeling Intramolecular Energy Transfer in Lanthanide Chelates: A Critical Review and Recent Advances, and Superconducting Uranium-Based Materials.Presents up-to-date overviews and new developments in the field of rare earths, covering both their physics and chemistryContains Individual chapters that are comprehensive and broad, along with critical reviewsProvides contributions from highly experienced, invited experts

Processing, Analyzing and Learning of Images, Shapes, and Forms: Part 2, Volume 20, surveys the contemporary developments relating to the analysis and learning of images, shapes and forms, covering mathematical models and quick computational techniques. Chapter cover Alternating Diffusion: A Geometric Approach for Sensor Fusion, Generating Structured TV-based Priors and Associated Primal-dual Methods, Graph-based Optimization Approaches for Machine Learning, Uncertainty Quantification and Networks, Extrinsic Shape Analysis from Boundary Representations, Efficient Numerical Methods for Gradient Flows and Phase-field Models, Recent Advances in Denoising of Manifold-Valued Images, Optimal Registration of Images, Surfaces and Shapes, and much more. Covers contemporary developments relating to the analysis and learning of images, shapes and formsPresents mathematical models and quick computational techniques relating to the topicProvides broad coverage, with sample chapters presenting content on Alternating Diffusion and Generating Structured TV-based Priors and Associated Primal-dual Methods

Mathematical Modelling in Motor Neuroscience: State of the Art and Translation to the Clinic, Gaze Orienting Mechanisms and Disease, Volume 249, the latest release in the Progress in Brain Research series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of topics, including Sequential Bayesian updating, Maps and Sensorimotor Transformations for Eye-Head Gaze Shifts: Role of the Midbrain Superior Colliculus, Modeling Gaze Position-Dependent Opsoclonus, Eye Position-Dependent Opsoclonus in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Saccades in Parkinson''s disease -- hypometric, slow, and maladaptive, Brainstem Neural Circuits for Fixation and Generation of Saccadic Eye Movements, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authorsPresents the latest release in the Progress in Brain Research seriesIncludes the latest information on mathematical modeling in motor neuroscience

Advances in Ecological Research, Volume 61, the latest release in this ongoing series includes specific chapters on the Mechanistic links between biodiversity and ecosystem function, A multitrophic, eco-evolutionary perspective on biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research, Linking species coexistence to ecosystem functioning - a conceptual framework from ecological first principles, Species contributions to above and below ground biodiversity effects in the Trait-Based Experiment, Plant diversity effects on element cycling, Plant diversity effects on consumer community structure, stability, and ecosystem function, Plant community assembly and the consequences for ecosystem function, and more. Provides information that relates to a thorough understanding of the field of ecologyDeals with topical and important reviews on the physiologies, populations and communities of plants and animals

Sharks in Mexico: Research and Conservation, Volume 83 in the Advances in Marine Biology series, provides in-depth and up-to-date reviews on all aspects of marine biology that will appeal to postgraduates and researchers in marine biology, fisheries science, ecology, zoology and biological oceanography. New chapters cover The Sharks of Pacific Mexico and their Conservation - Why Should we Care?, Biodiversity and Conservation of Sharks in Pacific Mexico, Shark Ecology, The Role of the Apex Predator and Current Conservation Status, Review of Current Genetic Analyses for Sharks of Pacific Mexico and Conservation Implications, and much more. Reviews articles on the latest advances in marine biologyAuthored by leading figures in their respective fields of studyPresents material that is widely used by managers, students and academic professionals in the marine sciences

Recent Advances in Topological Ferroics and Their Dynamics, Volume 70 in the Solid State Physics series, provides the latest information on the branch of physics that is primarily devoted to the study of matter in its solid phase, especially at the atomic level. This prestigious serial presents timely and state-of-the-art reviews pertaining to all aspects of solid state physics.Contains contributions from leading authorities in the study of solid state physics, especially at the atomic levelInforms and updates on all the latest developments in the fieldPresents timely, state-of-the-art reviews pertaining to all aspects of solid state physics

Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, Volume 53, presents the latest reviews of recent work in physical organic chemistry. It provides a valuable source of information that is ideal not only for physical organic chemists applying their expertise to both novel and traditional problems, but also for non-specialists across diverse areas who identify a physical organic component in their approach to research. Its hallmark is a quantitative, molecular level understanding of phenomena across a diverse range of disciplines. Chapters in this updated release include Theoretical models for activation and reaction energies in chemical reactions, Chiral induction in asymmetric dual catalysis, and The transition state. Reviews the application of quantitative and mathematical methods to help readers understand chemical problemsProvides the chemical community with authoritative and critical assessments of the many aspects of physical organic chemistryCovers organic, organometallic, bioorganic, enzymes and materials topicsPresents the only regularly published resource for reviews in physical organic chemistryWritten by authoritative experts who cover a wide range of topics that require a quantitative, molecular-level understanding of phenomena across a diverse range of disciplines

Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 98, provides an in-depth accounting of progress in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and its many applications. In recent years, no other technique has gained as much significance. It is also used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required, and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. This book has established itself as a premier resource for both specialists and non-specialists who are looking to become familiar with new techniques and applications pertaining to NMR spectroscopy.Serves as the premier resource for learning the new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy Provides a key reference for chemists and physicists using NMR spectroscopy to study the structure and dynamics of moleculesCovers all aspects of molecular science, including MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Electric Drives and Electromechanical Devices, Second Edition, presents a unified approach to the design and application of modern drive system. It explores problems involved in assembling complete, modern electric drive systems involving mechanical, electrical and electronic elements. The work provides a global overview of design, specification applications, important design information and methodologies. This new edition has been restructured to present a seamless, logical discussion on a wide range of topical problems relating to the design and specification of the complete motor-drive system. The book is organised to establish immediate solutions to specific application problem. Subsidiary issues that have a considerable impact of the overall performance and reliability, including environmental protection and costs, energy efficiency, and for networked applications, cyber security, are also considered. This text aims to fill the gap between highly analytic academic text books and the handbooks issued by a number of drive and system manufacturers.Presents a comprehensive consideration of electromechanical systems, combining traditional concepts and cutting-edge developmentsProvides insights into the complete drive system, including required sensors, mechanical components, and controlFeatures in-depth discussion of control schemes, particularly focusing on practical operationIncludes extensive references to modern application domains and real-world case studies, such as electric vehiclesConsiders the cyber aspects of drives, including networking and securityAdopts specific standards and current industrial practices

Handbook of Ionic Substituted Hydroxyapatites provides scientists and researchers with comprehensive information on the synthesis processes of hydroxyapatite, also explaining the application of substituted hydroxyapatite. The book''s content is very structured and explanatory, starting with a detailed overview of biological apatite in bones and teeth, as well as a presentation of the analytical tools for hydroxyapatite. Bioceramics and the relative modern and emerging processing techniques are covered, as is 3-D printing, which has gained increasing importance within biomedical materials and in the use of hydroxyapatite in tissue engineering. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of using ionic substitutions in clinical application are presented. Students and researchers in disciplines, such as Material Science, Ceramics, and Bioengineering will find this book to be very helpful in their work. It will also be a valuable resource for practitioners and surgeons in orthopedics, perio/implantology and maxillo-facial disciplines, and professionals working in R&D in ceramics and pharmaceuticals.Provides responses to the lack of scientific information about hydroxyapatites for biomedical applicationsSolves researchers'' issues regarding phase changes with respect to substituted ions and how these substitutions can alter/improve the properties of stoichiometric hydroxyapatiteExplains modern clinical applications and the effects of apatites within biomedical applications Includes both the advantages and disadvantages of using ionic substitutions in clinical application

Microbolometers: Fundamentals, Materials, and Recent Developments describes the fundamentals of microbolometers, their historic evolution, operational principles and material choices. It also explains the impact of materials on the processing and development of device characteristics. Sections address various aspects of optical properties and recommend models of properties of materials of interest for the fabrication of the uncooled microbolometers. In addition, the book presents two case studies, Honeywell and Texas Instruments, that focus on the design and manufacture of microbolometers. Finally, recent developments, applications, patents and future trends are presented. The chapter on patents will summarize the strengths and weaknesses of each of the technologies. "Please note that there is an error on the Dedication page, it should read: "To my sister, Math. G.Y. Premalatha, and my brother-in-law, the late Professor G.N. Yoganarasimhan, Professor of Water Resources Engineering and Management, for showing me the direction” Describes the fundamentals of uncooled infrared detectors, operational principles and material approaches Includes case studies based on Honeywell and Texas Instruments'' work on microbolometers Provides analyses of current patents with a look towards their strengths and weaknesses

Piezocone and cone penetration tests (CPTu and CPT) applications in foundation engineering includes different approaches for determining the bearing capacity of shallow foundations, along with methods for determining pile bearing capacity and settlement concepts. The use of soft computing (GMDH) neural networks related to CPT records and Geotechnical parameters are also discussed. In addition, different cases regarding the behavior of foundation performance using case records, such as shallow foundation, deep soil improvement, soil behavior classification (SBC), and bearing capacity are also included.Provides the latest on CPT and CPTu performance in geotechnical engineering, i.e., bearing capacity, settlement, liquefaction, soil classification and shear strength predictionIntroduces soft computing methods for processing soil properties and pile bearing capacity via CPT and CPTuExplains CPT and CPTu testing methods which allows for the continuous, or virtually continuous, record of ground conditions

Development of Packaging and Products for Use in Microwave Ovens, Second Edition, supports the efficient design of microwaveable food products and packaging materials, explaining all essential aspects in a detailed and systematic way. This new edition reviews recent developments and the latest cutting-edge technology, including new materials and package formats, new ideas for product development, and new information on developments in microwave technology. Sections cover the effect of food dielectric properties and heating uniformity, microwave packaging materials, product development, food, packaging, oven safety, and the computer modelling of microwave products and active packaging. Written by a distinguished team of international contributors, this book is not only a valuable resource for engineers, manufacturers and product developers in the food and packaging industries, but also a great research tool for industrial R&D and academia.Enables the reader to understand product and packaging materials for microwave ovens down to a highly technical and detailed levelOffers systematic coverage on all aspects involved, including principles, materials, design, product development and modellingIncludes the very latest developments in products and packaging, including smart packaging and solid state technology

Hybrid Composite Precast Systems: Numerical Investigation to Construction focuses on the design and construction of novel composite precast frame systems that permit almost effortless erection and structural efficiency. The precast frame systems discussed in the book are similar to that of steel frames, but offer similar savings to concrete frames. The design of connections and detailed analysis of their structural behavior is discussed in detail. Fundamentals with regards to the post yield behavior of concrete and metal are also presented to illustrate how these two different materials are integrated together to remove individual material drawbacks. Readers are given a broad introduction to existing technologies that are then combined with a description of the construction methods the author proposes. This book will help the end users become familiar with the existing types of structural forms, not just the "Lego" type frame system that the author proposes. Discusses how traditional construction methods can be replaced by innovative hybrid composite precast frame systems that provide rapid and effortless erection capabilities and structural efficiency Contains several design examples using non-linear finite element analysis completed with Abaqus based-software Contains new milestone inventions in construction that offer structural engineering solutions using a novel, modularized hybrid frame systemProvides information on structural testing that verifies the accuracy of the structural design

Chalcogenide: From 3D to 2D and Beyond reviews graphene-like 2D chalcogenide systems that include topological insulators, interesting thermoelectric structures, and structures that exhibit a host of spin phenomena that are unique to 2D and lower-dimensional geometries. The book describes state-of-the-art materials in growth and fabrication, magnetic, electronic and optical characterization, as well as the experimental and theoretical aspects of this family of materials. Bulk chalcogenides, chalcogenide films, their heterostructures and low-dimensional chalcogenide-based quantum structures are discussed. Particular attention is paid to findings that are relevant to the continued search for new physical phenomena and new functionalities. Finally, the book covers the enormous opportunities that have emerged as it has become possible to achieve lower-dimensional chalcogenide structures by epitaxial techniques.Provides readers with foundational information on the materials growth, fabrication, magnetic, electronic and optical characterization of chalcogenide materialsDiscusses not only bulk chalcogenides and chalcogenide thin films, but also two-dimensional chalcogenide materials systemsReviews the most important applications in optoelectronics, photovoltaics and thermoelectrics

Many processes in nature arise from the interaction of periodic phenomena with random phenomena. The results are processes that are not periodic, but whose statistical functions are periodic functions of time. These processes are called cyclostationary and are an appropriate mathematical model for signals encountered in many fields including communications, radar, sonar, telemetry, acoustics, mechanics, econometrics, astronomy, and biology. Cyclostationary Processes and Time Series: Theory, Applications, and Generalizations addresses these issues and includes the following key features.Presents the foundations and developments of the second- and higher-order theory of cyclostationary signalsPerforms signal analysis using both the classical stochastic process approach and the functional approach for time seriesProvides applications in signal detection and estimation, filtering, parameter estimation, source location, modulation format classification, and biological signal characterizationIncludes algorithms for cyclic spectral analysis along with Matlab/Octave codeProvides generalizations of the classical cyclostationary model in order to account for relative motion between transmitter and receiver and describe irregular statistical cyclicity in the data