Books published by Foster Academics

Spinal cord injuries refer to the damage to the spinal cord caused as a result of accidents, falls, gunshots, infections, tumors, etc. This may lead to temporary or permanent changes in the functioning of the spinal cord. Loss of autonomic function, muscle function and sensation is common in spinal cord injuries. The damage to the spinal cord can be divided into primary and secondary injury. Injury can also be complete or incomplete based on the degree of loss of sensation. A radiographic evaluation using an MRI, CT or X-ray scan can evaluate the degree of damage to the spinal column and the location of the trauma. Pre-hospitalization care aimed at basic life support and prevention of further injury, initial care aimed at adequate breathing and cardiovascular function, spinal motion restriction and repeated neurological assessments are part of the first line of care. After this stage, patients require extended treatments in intensive care units and specialized units. The degree of functional recovery and autonomy achieved in activities of daily living after treatment depends on the level and severity of the injury. The objective of this book is to give a general view of the different diagnostic and treatment strategies of spinal cord injuries. It brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of spinal cord injuries. It is a vital tool for all researching and studying this domain.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system caused by the systemic damage to the insulating covers of nerve cells. This disrupts the communication ability of the nervous system, resulting in signs and symptoms that are symptomatic of mental, physical and psychiatric issues. The underlying mechanism of the disease is generally attributed to the failure of the myelin-producing cells or destruction by the immune system, brought about by genetics or environmental factors. Multiple sclerosis is diagnosed on the basis of existing signs and symptoms, through medical imaging and lab testing. There is no cure of multiple sclerosis but several therapies allow a quality of care to patients. Such therapies strive to prevent new attacks, prevent disability and recuperate from an attack. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of multiple sclerosis and the recent researches in this disease. It strives to provide a fair idea about this condition and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances in its management and treatment. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.