Books published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

According to the famous French explorer of religions Jean-Paul Roux, long before the era of the Turks, then living in the Altai, worshiped ¿man of Heaven¿- Tengri. Chinese historians believe that the appearance of the god Tengri they apply no later than the III-V centuries BC.e There is also a version that the word Tengri formed of two words - Tang-Ra - from the Turkic syllable tan ¿ Sunrise and the ancient religious name of sun - Ra. Thus, Tanra refers to the rising sun. But the real etymology of the word still remains largely unsolved. As they called their religion ancient Turks - is unknown. It was based on a cult of cosmic deity Tengri. Idea of Tengri upward its roots to V-IV millennium BC, as the main deity was typical for all Turks and Mongols of the Great Steppe, which gave rise to the French scholar of religions Jean-Paul Roux call it the general term ¿Tengrians¿ .

A Persian piece of poetry by the contemporary Iranian poet, Fereydoon Moshiri and it''s English translation by Vahid, D. H. (2006) is analyzed at both linguistic and extra-linguistic levels. Textual analysis involves mainly the analysis of music (alliteration (consonance, assonance and rhyme) and tropes; and the extra-textual analysis includes mostly the consideration of cultural implications. The obtained data have been formulated in the practical model of poetry translation by Vahid (2008).The aim is to identify if textual and extra-textual analysis of a poem and it''s translation helps the translators in rendering both natural and faithful translation.