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Commercial entomology is a specialized field of attraction under entomology. In spite of the fact that insect and their products are known since ages, much literature is not available on commercial entomology. Authors of the chapters of the book have profound knowledge of different aspects of biology and management of insects especially in their field of contribution. So, their inputs are valuable for the development of commercial entomology in India. Importance has been given to Apis spp., silk worm, lack insect etc. while planning the chapters.The chapters of the book start from the honey bees and their management by Dr. Suday Prasad. Production technology for bee products and pests of honeybees and bee poisoning has been explained by Dr. Hari Chand and Mr. Beer Bahadur Singh in the 2nd and 3rd chapter, respectively. These chapters describe different valuable bee hive products, processing, uses and their composition for promotion of beekeeping development. The chapters on sericulture, lac culture, biological control, insect pests of medical importance, insect pests of cattle and poultry etc. have also been included in this book.
It is supported by suitable examples and diagrams. The broad chapters included in the book are: Rainfed agriculture: Introduction, types, characteristics, distribution and importance; History of rainfed agriculture & watershed in India; Problems and prospects of rainfed agriculture in India ; Soil and climatic conditions prevalent in rainfed areas; Drought: types, effect of water deficit on physio- morphological characteristics of the plants, Mechanism of crop adaptation under moisture deficit condition; Water harvesting: importance, its techniques, Efficient utilization of water through soil and crop management practices, Study of mulches and antitranspirants; Management of crops in rainfed areas; Contingent crop planning for aberrant weather conditions; Concept, objective, principles and components of watershed management, factors affecting watershed management; Integrated watershed development. The need for comprehensive information on rainfed farming relevant to undergraduate and postgraduate students of agriculture has been felt for quite some time. The advanced, diverse and need-based topics have been together for a systematic and comprehensive reading by the students and faculty in agriculture. The materials on subject matter is set forth in such a manner and order as to enable them to better understand and follow to a reasonable degree of uniformity and their approach to the problems of rainfed agriculture.
History of Nanotechnology, Basic Concepts, Definitions, Type of nanomaterials and its peculiarities have been described. Synthesis of nanomaterial's through physical, chemical and biological modes have been covered. Characterization of nanomaterial's through microscopic, spectroscopic and other techniques have been elucidated lucid language. This book will be helpful for UG and PG students of Agricultural Sciences including Horticultural, Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries disciplines.
This book is meant to give the reader a holistic appreciation of the principles and importance of organic farming and to suggest ecologically sound practices that help to develop and maintain sustainable agriculture. This book represents a current and updated look at what we know about organic farming practices and systems, primarily from the Indian perspectives. This book is intended as a professional basic textbook for undergraduate level students and will specifically meet out the requirement of the students of organic farming being taught in all the agricultural universities across the globe. In addition, the purpose of this work is to spread the basic concepts of organic farming in order to; guide the production systems towards a sustainable agriculture and ecologically safe, obtain harmless products of higher quality, contribute to food security, generating income through the access to markets and improve working conditions of farmers and their neighborhoods. This book provides attention of one and all concerned to promote organic farming as a measure to provide the elites to posterity and to save our farm land that inherited from forefathers from being degraded and made in to wastelands through our excessive interventions.
The book is a very comprehensive and much practical-oriented for day to day reference and to complete course-work by UG and PG students in discipline of Food Science and Technology. Different topics are treated in such a way as to provide a comprehensive knowledge of the theoretical as well as the applied aspects involved in processing of bakery and confectionery products to gain confidence in any dedicated reader to go for a startup as well in the field. It also covers information on ingredients to bakery and confectionery products, formulae and processes for bakers, equipment for bakers and confectionery units along with quality assessment and standards. Equally well, it helps those personnel connected with industries, who supply ingredients, equipment and packaging materials for bakery and confectionery units. The book is also useful for all the students appearing in any competitive/entrance examinations' in the disciplines of Food Science, Food Science & Nutrition and Food Technology.
This book deals with climate change impacts and interventions in Agriculture across various regions of the Country based on the research findings emanated from ICAR institutes and State Agricultural Universities as Global warming and climate change is a threat to food security. Impacts of weather extremes viz., droughts, floods, heat wave and cold waves pose immediate threat to Agriculture because of their frequent occurrence due to global warming and climate change rather than the climate change threat directly to crops. More than 60 authors are involved with 29 Chapters to focus on mitigation and adaptation strategies in Agriculture against ill effects of climate change. Research investigations indicate that crop yields are likely to decline with increase in atmospheric CO2 and temperature in ensuing decades and crop losses can be minimized through technologies generated in crop management, crop improvement and crop protection practices. Farmers concern to minimize crop losses against weather extremes rather than climate change as the impacts of climate change (increase in atmospheric CO2 and temperature) on crops at the field level is not clear if water is not a constraint. The publication includes vulnerability assessment, adaptation strategies, crop choices/combinations in different climate scenarios and preparedness to face the exigencies of climate change and emphasis is given on interventions. Of course, there is need to intensify research to generate technologies/location specific farm strategies which can withstand the impact of climate change as a long term strategy and farmers are the best to cope up with suitable strategies against global warming and climate change/climate variability to sustain rural livelihoods is very complex and complicated at the farm level.
This book is prepared by keeping the ARS-NET syllabus of Farm Power and Machinery discipline in mind and it contains excellent collection of important points on farm machinery, farm power, ergonomics, theory of machines, energy in agriculture, instrumentation and workshop technology to meet requirements of students. The book serve as a useful resource to the agricultural engineering and farm machinery and power engineering students appearing for various competitive exams such as ICAR JRF/SRF, NET,ARS and GATE etc. The book contains a section on key notes related to important terms on farm machinery and power engineering. It is useful for better understanding of this subject.
The publication provides fundamental information about dairy farming. The book covers the basic knowledge about how to start an entrepreneurial dairy farming covering almost all the basic aspects related to the field. The information provided is scientific and cosmopolitan and will be useful for small scale dairy farming. This book covers all the elements of dairy production with the goal of helping the dairy owners to keep their animals as healthy as possible. It covers areas including breeds and breeding management, housing and feeding management, basics of dairy animal diseases, disease prevention and control measures etc. This book will serve as a complete encyclopaedia of dairy husbandry practices and will help to guide practicing dairy farmers as well as starter (youth entrepreneur) in starting the dairy entrepreneurial venture from the scratch. This book provides the first hand knowledge to the entrepreneurs to start the dairy farming by using the resources present locally. The topics in the book are so designed that even by looking at the pictorial representations one can get the idea of how to start the dairy farming. The book also popularizes the use of non- conventional items present at rural households and their significant use in dairy animal rearing.
This book is a compilation of available knowledge on all aspects of 88 fruits crops covering tropical, sub-tropical, arid and semi-arid major, minor and Under and Un-Utilized Fruits of Tropics and Sub-tropics. NEW TO THE EDITION Details on different aspects of fruit crops including origin, distribution, botany, varieties, crop improvement, propagation, climatic and soil requirement, cultivation methods, flowering, harvesting, post harvest management and crop protection of individual crops coming under tropical, sub-tropical, arid and semi-arid groups Revised and updated data More new information on Under and Un-Utilized Fruits of Tropics and Sub-tropics Updated references
This book presents a comprehensive knowledge on the diseases and pests of fibre crops, causing economic damage. It covers major disease and pest damages with the methods to combat them in fibre crop cultivations. The diseases and pests are described elaborately, giving emphasis on both morphological and molecular characteristics of pathogens and biology of different insect pests. The latest and most up-to-date knowledge on these aspects which acquired from diverse, complex, contemporary scientific discoveries in the field of fibre crop diseases and pests are compiled and presented in this book. This book is written in eight major chapters, each representing a certain type fibre crop, except for chapter 2 (two) which deals with both Mesta (kenaf) and Roselle for their similarities in disease and insect pest attacks. Each of the eight chapters is again subdivided into 2 or 3 (only for Chapter 2) subchapters to deal with different types of diseases and pests separately. This is a reference book in textbook format which intended to provide undergraduate, postgraduate and research personnel a means to acquire deeper knowledge on diseases and pests of nine major fibre crops, viz., cotton, jute, kenaf, roselle, sunnhemp , sisal, ramie, flax and hemp. Plant pathologists, entomologists and agricultural research scientists, and in academia, may find much of great use in this book. 2019, 716pages, figures, tables, colour plates, index, 25cmSubrata Biswas, Ph.D., is Principal Scientist, Crop Protection Division, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, West Bengal.
Biogas is a renewable energy resource that can be an alternative solution for the world's insatiable energy demands while helping in managing waste and reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It is also regarded as carbon neutral as the carbon in biogas comes from organic matter (feedstock) that captured this carbon from atmospheric CO2 over a relatively short timescale.This book has been written and compiled to collate latest information on biogas technology to help readers, researchers and extension workers alike to understand the fruitful exploitation of the process. It has fourteen chapters, primarily in three major categories:
This book was incorporated with general information about weeds with need based data on losses caused by weeds in agriculture and allied fields which include livestock, horticulture crops etc. and also national level loss in terms of reduction in food grain production in Indian economy. As management of weeds being a core area in crop production, it was dealt in detail on weed biology, weed ecology and also weed survey including sampling techniques. This was followed by various weed control methods specific to crops belonging to agriculture and horticulture. Of the weed management practices, integrated weed management was also discussed as well highlighting important crops grown in India as to follow the same by the farmers and extension workers for recommendation to the needy people. This book also comprises of herbicide history and its classification and characteristics with suitable examples. In addition, mode of action of herbicides, herbicide mixture, combinations, rotations, and their interaction were also given as separate chapter. In the recent decade, development of herbicide resistant crops are getting momentum world over, considering its potentiality, information on the same was also given in detail with suitable findings. Weed shift and its management and economic analysis of weed management were another chapters included in this book.
In the backdrop of remarkable strength and achievements of modern medical science, an overwhelmingly large proportion of world population still depends upon varying indigenous systems for meeting its health care needs. These systems, exemplified by Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha, rely on traditional knowledge of indigenous communities about health-imparting and curative properties of plants. Such plants of health promoting and curative value are currently collected from the wild in large amounts and face threat of loss of diversity and extinction. Because of this reason, and the imperative of improving them genetically for productivity and the desired trait quality, it becomes desirable that the needed demands for them are met from organised cultivation and not by extraction from natural stands. Meeting complex demands of the above mentioned kind will require collation and presentation of detailed information about the targeted plant species.The book is an attempt to meet this requirement for nine important plant species, viz., Panax ginseng, Polygonatum spp., Picrorhiza kurroa, Dactylorhiza hatagirea, Crepedium acuminatum, Tribulus terrestris, Ephedra spp. Crataegus rhipidophylla and Ginkgo biloba.Each chapter provides information on different plants on aspects such as, reproductive biology, medicinal, chemical and pharmacological aspects, threats and conservation, cultivation, commercial status, future directions for research, value addition, patents and literature cited. The book will be of interest to a very wide and diverse audience, which includes academics and researchers, interest groups of drug industry, administrators and policy makers.
Sustainable livelihood security of resource poor farmers is the top priority for the nation today. However, there is wide gap in productivity of various horticultural commodities among different eco-regions, where horticulture can play significant role particularly in arid and semi arid regions, it is far below than the potential productivity. Hence, sustained and steady growth in rural income is critical for positive impact on living standard of various stakeholders. Therefore, an appropriate strategy needs to be devised for such climatically vulnerable regions. The net income of farmers can surely be increased by efficient management of nutrient, water and agri-input, integrated horticulture based farming system, better market price realization, post harvest management and value addition, integration of secondary enterprizes and thereby improving productivity of arid and semi-arid horticultural crops. In this book, several such interventions are given inform of various chapters which will be of immense use improving the productivity and profitability of horticultural commodities.
The text of this book with regional approach of teaching and studying veterinary gross anatomy has been divided in six parts. The first part comprises the basics of veterinary anatomy described in the conventional form of systemic anatomy while the remaining five parts comprise region wise description of gross anatomy. Each of these parts contains the description of all anatomical structures viz. bones, joints, muscles, viscera, blood vessels, lymphatics nerves, etc located in the respective region of the animal body viz. head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis and the fore and hind limb. Bovine animal, the ox, has been considered as a model species for detail description of the anatomical features, while the major differences or remarkable features in other species like horse, dog, sheep and goat, pig and fowl have been described under a separate heading as Comparative Anatomy at the end of each section. In addition to this, a separate section on Applied Anatomy has been introduced at the end of each regional part. This will make it easy to understand the applications of the anatomical features that form the basis of surgical, diagnostic, medical and obstetrical techniques in the solution of clinical disorders which is the main purpose of regional pattern of learning the anatomy. Because of these distinctive features, the book has become a little voluminous and therefore, had to be split into two volumes. Part-I comprises the first three parts viz-General Systemic Anatomy, Anatomy of Head and Neck and the Anatomy of Thorax while the Part-II comprises the next three parts viz- the Anatomy of Abdomen and Pelvis, the Anatomy of Fore limb and the Anatomy of Hind Limb.
The book has been prepared keeping in view the course requirements of seed science and technology for undergraduate students at various institutions. The large volumes of materials are available for this subject. An attempt has been made to consolidate the scattered information and presented in a simple format. This publication describes the procedures involved in the production of quality seeds of 40 horticultural crops. The techniques involved in the certified and foundation stages of seed production from seed selection to storage including the quality standards and appropriate storage methods are explained in detail in this publication. From this the readers will get knowledge about seed production of horticultural crops. It is hoped that the publication will be useful for vegetable seed growers, research workers, teachers, students, planners, NGOs and extension personnel. We hope that this book "Scientific Seed Production of Horticultural Crops" will be helpful to our readers of this subject.
The readers will get knowledge about seeds, science and technology involved in this subject. Seeds are fertilised mature ovules shaped through sexual reproduction in plants. It is the cheapest and key input in agriculture. It is estimated that good quality seeds of improved varieties can contribute about 20-25% increase in yield. Seed technology is an interdisciplinary science, involves such activities as variety development, evaluation and release seed development, seed processing, seed storage, seed testing, seed certification, seed quality control and seed marketing etc., through which the genetic and physical characteristic of seeds could be improved. Each topic was discussed in separate chapter and this book will prove extremely useful to its readers.
Agricultural Sustainability is a combination of technologies and implementation processes that are used to manage information-related with maintenance of equilibrium condition in the scenario of productivity level in the field of agriculture. Sustainable agriculture is not just about food security, the protection of crops and its cultivation or while it is being processed; it is also about the protection of environment with economic equity and profitability. This is a composite field involving agricultural science, engineering, database and soil-based crop management, user training, and policy issues. A common objective of work in this field is to protect the environment and defend degeneration systems by ensuring resource availability, its integrity, authentication and confidentiality so that the right action can be accessed with the right information and direction at the right time. The book contains 33 chapters pertaining to sections on (i) water resource management (ii) irrigation water management (iii) soil resource management (iv) sustainability in agriculture and (v) crop management and productivity with the content contributed by eminent researchers throughout the world. The book will come as an important contribution to the latest agricultural technologies in bridging up the gap of scientific information to the researchers and policy makers in different relevant field of specialization.
The present book deals with the research work carried out in the past related to conversion and utilization of agricultural waste into useful products and to increase their economic values. The book mainly aims in analysing the various application and research carried in the fields of potential utilization of agricultural wastes. The recycling and utilization of agricultural wastes is an important step forward towards environmental protection, energy structure and agricultural development. The recycling and utilization pathway of agricultural wastes have also been discussed. The book also deals with the laws and regulations and strengthening of rural market. It will provide more comprehensive fundamental information for the recycling and utilization of agricultural wastes during the modernization and urbanization around the globe.
This book entitled "Seed Technology: Progress and Recent Advances" have been formulated to help the reader in acquiring the knowledge of Seed archaeology, Seed germination, Seed vigour testing, Seed certification and testing of genuineness of varieties through morphological, biochemical and molecular markers, advances in hybrid seed production, advances in plant pathology, advances in entomology, advances in seed enhancement techniques like, seed pelleting, seed coating, seed hardening, synthetic seed, etc. It also includes the area of applied science and covers the area of organic seed production, seed banks, seed legislation and law governing the seed production. The book would be also useful and instructive to students and researchers in the field of Seed Science and Technology in an efficient way.
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