Books published by Nova Science Publishers Inc

Pharmacology is the study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes, especially by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes. If substances have medicinal properties, they are considered drugs or pharmaceuticals. The field encompasses drug composition and properties, interactions, toxicology, therapy, and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities. Pharmacology lies at the heart of biomedical science, linking together pharmaceutical chemistry, physiology, and pathology. Comprehensive MCQs in Pharmacology represents copious multiple choice questions, which can be used to assess essential pharmacology knowledge that equips pharmacists with exclusive perceptions and acumens in the provision of pharmaceutical care. It also provides a brief account of recent perspectives in drug research, as either a study or high-yield revision aid. This book is suitable for professionals, academicians, students, researchers, scientists and industrialists around the world in the fields of pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences. Furthermore, for pharmacy preregistration examination candidates and for practicing pharmacists, this book is a storehouse of knowledge. The organization of this book provided a profound knowledge and also maintains the reader''s interest.

The study presented in the opening chapter of Progress in Education. Volume 61 examines Common Core State Standards teacher preparation through professional development opportunities for elementary school teachers in rural areas of the South Eastern Region of the United States. The study posits the question, "Were teachers in the rural South properly and equitably prepared to teach both the English Language Arts and Math Common Core Standards?" The following chapter focuses on the use of the computational thinking process for problem solving and, in particular, for case-based reasoning and mathematical modelling. The former is a method of solving problems based on the solutions of previously solved analogous problems, while the latter deals with the mathematical formulation and solution of problems connected to real word, science and technology applications. Next, some learning activity patterns are identified from a thorough qualitative study of students'' behaviors recorded in a major Massive Open Online Courses platform. Then, two recently developed learning-based models for modeling students'' learning behaviors which are motivated by such observations are described. The authors go on to study the inclusive approach to the conducting-choral training of future teachers of musical art. It considers the essence of the concept of "inclusiveness". The inclusive approach to conducting-choral training involves both the use of the traditional teaching principles and the specific principles we have developed. In academic fields, both teachers and students are likely to suffer technology anxiety. As such, one chapter focuses on the main factors behind this type of anxiety according to the currently available literature on computer anxiety: age, gender and experience. The process of choosing a university degree involves uncertainties for the students referred to their personal abilities, interests, and social and professional expectations. The main objective of the penultimate chapter is determining whether their expectations of a particular university degree differ significantly according to gender. Flipped classrooms have been considered to be a form of innovative teaching and learning in university education for a few years. The purpose of the final study is to explore how flipped classrooms with learning communities affected university students'' self-regulated learning and teachers'' professional development.

In Horizons in Cancer Research. Volume 73, after the identification of some small subgroups with a strong biological-molecular identity, the current evidence regarding the prognostic factors of patients with non-eradicable metastatic disease are examined. The goal is to discuss disease subgroups, which may sometimes provide conditions for decisions that are less compliant with current clinical practice and help define new stratification criteria for patients enrolled in prospective studies. Following this, the authors summarize the current knowledge on breast cancer with an introduction on the traditional markers used in the diagnosis of this disease, followed by an account of the emerging markers. Next, the underlying mechanisms of DNA replication, damage and repair are discussed. Further, RAD51 is proposed as a potential means of managing chemoresistant cancers. Certain drugs and strategies can sensitize chemotherapy via impacting on RAD51, which can be developed as chemotherapy modulators. The authors also discuss multiple myeloma, an incurable malignant tumor of plasma cells of the bone marrow, which is the most common primary neoplasm arising in bone. It causes approximately 1% of cancer-related deaths and is the 2nd most common hematological malignancy in the western world. Later, this collection discusses the prevalence and types of infectious complications that patients with multiple myeloma face, as well as present and emerging therapeutic approaches. The concluding study indicates proteins that have a promising future as new anticancer drugs, in conjunction with the in vitro and/or in vivo effects of these bioactive proteins derived from plants.

In the past, fossil fuels have been considered a reliable source of energy by many countries. Despite the current measures to reduce the use of fossil fuels for electricity generation, the use of this type of energy source will continue for the foreseeable future. Advances in Energy Research. Volume 31 examines how, if this situation does not change in the future, then all types of fossil fuels, particularly oil, will be exhausted before the end of the current century. The use of microholes may potentially enhance the applications of fossil fuels in various energy fields, especially in thermal power plants. Therefore, the morphology variation of micropunch and microhole during the punching with WC/Co micropunches is investigated in this compilation through scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer and confocal laser studies. Following this, the authors provide a review on experimental and modeling studies performed with direct fuel cells, starting with the fundamentals and main drawbacks of these systems, followed by an exhaustive review on the different studies performed regarding the effects of operating conditions and design parameters. In the penultimate chapter, a new method for determining the cohesion potential energy in solids is described, and fundamental factors such as internal energy, entropy, temperature and time are examined, in particular the connection of entropy and time to potential energy. The method concerns molecular solids and rests upon measurable thermodynamic quantities: heat of sublimation, heat capacity, and entropy as derived from the latter. The closing chapter provides an overview of three methods (retarded osmosis method, forward osmosis-electrokinetic method, and diffusio-osmotic method) for sustainable power generation from the salinity gradient energy by using osmosis-based processes.

This book first proposes a noninvasive screening method for diabetes based on the thermoregulation of the peroneal vessel. Since diabetes affects the proneal vessel of the patients significantly, the thermoregulatory behaviour of peroneal vessel is studied for induced hot and cold stress in this work. Next, the authors highlight recent findings in the area of human mesenchymal stem cells sources, their differentiation ability, immunogenicity, adaptation to the microenvironment, as well as use in human clinical trials. The authors also propose that, given the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogens and the failure of antibiotic-exclusive therapeutics in the treatment of diabetic foot infections, combinations of antimicrobial peptides and antibiotics may be a potential treatment alternative. Advanced diabetic foot ulcer therapies are explored based on current research. Recent studies show that diabetic patients have a 25% risk of developing diabetic foot ulcers in their lifetime. Lastly, a study was carried out to investigate the effects of social support on the reduction of wound size after four weeks of treatment with standard care in patients with Grade B, Stage I diabetic foot ulcer.

It has long seemed very desirable that a brief, comprehensive, and readable narrative of the origin of Christianity, and of its struggles and triumphs, should be prepared and adapted to the masses of the people. This narrative consists of the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth; the adventures of Paul and the apostles; and the most interesting events in the progress of Christianity from the earliest period to the present time.

Parkinson''s disease is the second most prevalent aging-related neurodegenerative disorder. Cell death in the substantia nigra, a motor region of the nervous system, is the key factor for the emergence of motor deficits in patients, although its critical role in Parkinson''s disease pathogenesis is put into question. This book explores how halogenation stress could participate in neuronal damage of the nervous system and parkinsonian deficits. Following this, new insights into the C-F bonding nature of graphite fluorides with different fluorine concentrations C4F, C2F and C1F are presented. They are based on recent data from bulk techniques, which are very sensitive to the atomic local and electronic structure and C hybridisation such as X-ray Raman Scattering and Pair Distribution Function analysis. Lastly, a novel bromine-containing Still -- Gennari-type phosphonate reagent, methyl 2-(bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phosphoryl)-2-bromoacetate is designed, synthesised, and applied to the stereoselective construction of trisubstituted alkenes via bromomethylenation of carbonyl groups.

The first chapter describes the next generation device Stacked Nanosheet, which has the potential to replace the three-dimensional transistor architecture, FinFET. The authors also present the recent progress in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. Recent biomimetic research examined in the next chapter may enable for a better understanding of biofiltration as well as potential technological applications via experimentation with novel materials, including 3D printed filters simulating natural systems. The possibility of using methane as an alternative and promising reducing agent in various metallurgical and chemical processes is discussed. Additionally, the electrochemical performances of transition-metal-disulfide-based electrodes fabricated from different configurations, including binary and ternary composites, is discussed. Following this, this compilation discusses the assumptions of the physics of transport in nano-scale wire Si pn-junction diodes with the aid of device simulations. An advanced theoretical model to predict current-voltage characteristics of nano-scale wire Si pn-junction diodes is proposed. The authors introduce several voltage contrast studies that have been done so far, introducing an experiment on active voltage contrast imaging of the cross-sectional surface of multilayer ceramic capacitors using helium ion microscopy. Next, the authors present a new two-stage method for the qualitative and quantitative detection method of hydrophobing injection media used as a subsequent masonry seal against rising damp. The aim of the final chapter is to review four classes of integer asymmetric codes and to illustrate their potential for use in modern short-range optical networks.