Books published by Our Knowledge Publishing

In this paper, the public budget is seen as an instrument of government action capable of making government actions feasible or not, depending on how it is formalized. The point of reference is that decisions in the area of the public budget have a strong correlation with the central ideas of the mandates and have repercussions on the public administration as a whole. Consequently, budgetary issues influence the possibilities and mode of action of the state beyond its specific field. This centrality places the instrument as a vector, or veto, in the formulation of public policies.

The object of this study is the Junta de Civilização e Conquista dos Índios e Navegação do Rio Doce, created in 1808 with the aim of combating the Botocudo Indians and beginning the effective conquest and occupation of the eastern region of the captaincy of Minas Gerais. The decline of mining led to a search for productive options and the appropriation of new land for agricultural activities put pressure on the movement to occupy the frontiers of that captaincy. Increased contact between Indians and settlers led to an upsurge in friction between the two groups. Through the distribution of land to new settlers and the control of indigenous groups through their settlement, an attempt was made to create the ideal conditions for an increase in the white population in the region. The aldeamento, in the region administered by the Doce River Board, can be seen more as a strategy to remove the Indians from their lands than an initiative to integrate them into Portuguese society. By researching the Junta's Minute Books, we tried to analyze how it acted to achieve its objectives, which can be summarized as follows: to make the area safe and guarantee its occupation to the exclusion of the original population.

The Youth and Adult Education Program at the penitentiary, as a socio-educational policy for social reintegration. The theme is based on the challenge of promoting Youth and Adult Education in places of deprivation of liberty, taking into account aspects related to constitutional rights of access to education, human rights and educational guidelines for prison education. At the same time, the arguments of Paulo Freire and Michel Foucault on the perspectives of education and power relations. The qualitative data presents the representations of the actors involved in prison education, through interviews and a documentary survey, which were carried out in 2015. The results are presented in three categories of analysis: the structure of the EJA program; the relationship between the condition of deprivation of liberty and the concept of formal education; and the contribution of the EJA program as a tool for the social reintegration of inmates in the prison system. Even though the EJA program, in this case, does not meet the purposes of social reintegration, it is an important tool for building citizenship.

This book is the result of intense research and discussion, both inside and outside the classroom, bringing up a very current and pulsating topic: working conditions in the construction industry. This work seeks to stimulate a taste for scientific research and also to demystify the idea that this can only be done in centers of excellence. The aim of this volume is also to encourage discussions and new research, so that workers on small construction sites can have a dignified and healthy working experience.

This book is the result of my master's dissertation at the Federal University of São Carlos/SP (UFSCar/2005). In it, the performance of two municipal governments in the interior of the state of Paraná is comparatively analyzed: Dois Vizinhos and Palmas, in an attempt to implement public policies characterized by community participation in the planning and control of the execution of health actions and services - through their respective Management Councils. The aim is twofold: firstly, to test a macro theory (Robert Putman's Civism theory) in the micro sphere, in regional and spatial terms; and secondly, to understand the reasons that explain the differences in the path taken by these governments in implementing and succeeding with their policies. The analysis of the data revealed that the explanation for the differences in the results achieved was related to the civic character of the social and political life of each community, which are grouped under the heading of political culture and mark the conception of individuals regarding their governments, rulers and political institutions.

This book was started as part of a scientific research project supported by Anhembi Morumbi University and CNPQ. Its aim is to provide an experience for the tele-interactor on the most diverse platforms, such as: Interactive Digital Television (IDTV), Smartphones, Tablets and Desktops; enhancing theoretical and practical issues related to the concepts of Connected TV and Expanded TV in Brazil and around the world. Firstly, the historical context that gave rise to Brazilian television will be presented, from the creation of photography and cinema to the current scenario of national Interactive Digital Television (iDTV), unfolding the possibilities that Interaction Design has to add to television programs through applications and interfaces designed by designers and developers. Subsequently, this interactivity present in Smart-TVs will be discussed and analyzed by its levels of interaction in the interfaces called Connected Television and Expanded Television; ending with a presentation of the convergence between television and other platforms, reaching the interactive level of transmedia.

The focus of this study was the tourism and recreation activities carried out on a stretch of the Rio Negro near the city of Manaus. The main objective was to assess the extent to which these activities are directly or indirectly responsible for impacts on the environment and to describe the environmental quality of this stretch of the Rio Negro. A bibliographical review was carried out relating the themes of tourism and the environment, and their interactions and impacts. Work on the climate, geology, geomorphology and vegetation of the study area was also reviewed. This body of information helped to define field actions that would enable a retrospective assessment of environmental impacts and forms of land use, whether or not they were directly linked to tourism or recreation. The legacy of this study is the need to organize land use in order to avoid or mitigate environmental damage.

This work is based on observations and data collected from bibliographical and documentary analyses, such as magazines and newspapers from the 19th century, in order to understand how the process of estrangement between the Protestant Church and Freemasonry took place in the province of Grão-Pará, given that in the 19th century there was a Masonic-Protestant alliance strengthened by the liberal logic that subsidised the strengthening of Protestantism in the region and symbolically decapitalised the Catholic Church, generating a series of conflicts, including the religious issue responsible for the imprisonment of two important leaders of national Catholicism, the Bishop of Olinda and the Bishop of Grão-Pará; the theme of this book is directly linked to the success experienced by Freemasonry in the 19th century in the province of Grão-Pará, which was able to help the Masonic Order implement its liberal proposal. The Catholic Church, as the holder of religious capital, tried in many ways to decapitalise the Masonic order, weakening it through speeches in newspapers and magazines, in an attempt to discredit Masonic interests in Brazil, causing the Masonic order to be demonised and debased.

At the beginning of the 20th century, lexicography aimed to investigate practical and theoretical problems in the development of dictionaries. This book is no exception to this concept, as we analyse the microstructure of monolingual dictionaries distributed by the PNLD (National Textbook Programme), showing whether their aspect is favourable to the cognitive process of primary and secondary school students in public schools where these dictionaries are distributed. The microstructure analysed was based on the lexical field 'bathroom', in order to make a solid investigation possible, without losing sight of its main motivation, which is driven by the deficiency that students have in seeing the dictionary as a complex linguistic product, having a conception that a dictionary is only the result of applying a method to the verbal cohesions called words.

In 2015, the material was developed with the aim of identifying opportunities in the area of pig farming and applying them in practice in order to seek improvements in the farm's productivity, as well as reducing costs. The results found during this period were used at the farm, as well as changes to some of the previous management practices. To get to this point, the support of the farm's employees and owners in opening their doors and trusting in the work carried out was extremely important. I will always be grateful for the opportunity!

The RIES strategy (Breathe, Inhale, Exhale and Sigh), configured from the integration of findings from neuroscience, psychology and education, has been the basis for writing this book, which proposes a Formative Model of Emotional Self-Management that seeks to improve your mental health. The book is based on the pedagogy of love and compassion as tools to achieve emotional tranquility and live in fullness. Through different strategies, such as breathing techniques, meditation and reflection, it seeks to identify and regulate your emotions effectively. This proposal has the essential purpose of configuring calmness and living in plenitude. The model focuses on conscious breathing, meditation, active listening, acceptance and gratitude, to offer experiences that help you connect with your inner self, recognize your emotions, regulate your internal states and develop self-care skills. The book is an innovative proposal that aims to improve your mental health through emotional self-management and mindfulness.

Proposing a writing or better yet a dialogue with readers, on this particular topic that involves citizens, government, governance, governability and in general power and its collusion with the economic structures of the country, includes understanding from the early structures, to the daily life developed by the communities, regions and in general the national country, which are in reality the forces that move those who govern, the trajectory of permanence of power and the buildings of the grassroots, ethnic, territorial organizations that, silently, continue to advance in the commitment to inclusion and participation. This document, established from a sequential action, attempts from VII chapters to address themes that reveal the early constructions and the current reality of the country, accentuating in this direction the Turn that is developing not only in the Political-Economic, Ethnic-Territorial and Democratic Participation among others but also the projections that in the Latin American and world concert are being evident for our country, without being outlined from the present document.

The aim of this book is to discuss how the process of social management and development takes place on the basis of social networks, to verify the interests that led entrepreneurs to seek out the solidarity economy incubator of the Father Leo Commissari Association to start their companies and to identify the role of the network in the development of the incubated companies. The research, which was qualitative in nature, used secondary data to characterise the neighbourhood in which the social incubator is located, and primary data from two companies linked to it. The information collected and analysed made it possible to verify the entrepreneurs' perception of the incubator and to find out, from their perspective, whether being part of the social network has changed their lives. The theoretical framework of social management, development and social networks also made it possible to verify the entrepreneurs' perceptions of the incubator and the social network they are part of. Finally, we looked at some aspects related to learning and administrative management, continuity and the strengthening of incubated ventures.

This book discusses the influence of Christian religious ideologies, especially the Catholic one, on the literacy process of individuals belonging to the lower classes of society. For many years, the Church has influenced people from different countries and continents through its ideology, whether in social behaviour or in education as a whole. The influence of religions affects people in different ways, varying according to each social class. For this reason, carrying out a historical analysis of religious influence in the educational process will allow us to critically determine the positive aspects of religious literacy and the problem of using this literacy as a form of domination. This will determine the extent to which literacy can occur via the religious sphere, enabling individuals to get closer to reading and writing practices, while at the same time relegating them to the condition of being ideologically dominated.

In March 1907, in the town of Alegria, in Palmas-PR, the accused Custodio Ferreira Soares (alias Monge Anjo Custódio) and Manoel Antonio Ferreira burned the bodies of the women Ignácia Trindade and Eogenia Maria Balbina, as well as three other children. In addition to the bonfire, the accused beat Eogenia with quince poles and tatú tails, and using a handkerchief, they asphyxiated her to death, holding an open-air wake for the local community only. The incident led to a criminal case resulting from a practice of exorcism, which became the documentary basis for this work, which uses the criminal case as a source of research along with journalistic clippings from the written press that commented on what happened. Through micro-history, micro-analysis and the cross-referencing of sources, a dialogue was promoted on the context of the region, the daily lives of those involved and the religious experiences lived. Popular religiosity is thus included as a major theme and the general aim of the research is to analyse aspects of popular religiosity experienced by parts of the local population at a time when the Catholic Church was investing in Romanisation.

The subject of this research is ADIn 4.209, judged in March 2012 by the Federal Supreme Court. On that occasion, the Court - in less than 24 hours - changed its own decision, which considered the provisional measure that had created the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity and Conservation or ICMBio to be unconstitutional. Apparently, the Supreme Court didn't realise that hundreds of other Provisional Measures suffered from the same flaw: they hadn't been preliminarily examined by a Joint Committee of Deputies and Senators, as required by the Constitution (Article 62, §9). This meant that, in theory, all this legislation, which even created important government programmes, could be challenged. Faced with an intense reaction in Congress and other areas of the public sphere, the Supreme Court backed down. In a technically controversial way and resorting to a so-called "consequentialist" interpretation, the Court modified the understanding it had established the day before.

Unlike the rest of the world, Brazil's largest oil fields are located offshore, which makes their exploitation an ever greater challenge as reservoirs are discovered under deeper water every day. Organophilic clays are an essential input in the production of organic-based drilling fluids. In this study, three types of clay were organophilized and their compositions were introduced into paraffin, ester and diesel oil-based fluid formulations, with the aim of evaluating the performance of these fluids in terms of their various rheological and filtration properties. The results show the importance of studying organophilic clay compositions and the feasibility of obtaining fluids with satisfactory rheological behavior, making use of lower quality clays more viable. Ester-based fluids are promising, with properties that meet most of the API (2005) restrictions and also have the advantage of causing less environmental impact when compared to diesel-based organic fluids.

If corruption in the public sector were to be stopped tomorrow, as we would like, a significant volume of public resources would still continue to flow down the drain. This is because the overwhelming majority of governments still use methods, techniques and paradigms that are totally outdated by the dynamics of today's social, cultural, political, economic and technological transformations. Stopping this bleeding requires new formats that re-qualify the understanding of what public service is, engaging in this effort any and all segments that, even if they don't formally belong to the public sector, can contribute to its airing and improvement. In order to make progress in this effort, it will also be essential to see innovation not just as a technical issue, discussed in academia or research centers, but as a value in itself, to be pursued by everyone who aspires to a more prosperous and inclusive country. A willingness to listen, humility to change and an interest in collaborating are all slogans that must be brought to the table to replace the usual "no way". The 4 texts in this book show the authors' vision of how we can get there. Difficult? Yes, but inevitable.

Immunohematology is a part of hematology that studies the immune reactions between antigens present in erythrocytes (red blood cells) and antibodies in blood plasma. It is the area responsible for the determination of blood groups and the study of antibodies against erythrocytes, which are studies aimed at studying the presence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies (antibodies that bind to red blood cells) and their pathological significance. It is a special type of blood test. For the patient it only involves the withdrawal of a blood sample. Our immune system can naturally create antibodies against substances it does not consider its own as a defense mechanism. Sometimes such substances may be present in red blood cells that are foreign to our body.

Grain quality is an important parameter for marketing and processing and can affect the value of the product. Stored grain is a system in which deterioration of the stored product results from interactions between physical, chemical and biological factors. The factors that are important to know are: temperature, humidity, CO2, O2, grain characteristics, micro-organisms, insects, rodents, birds and geographical location. The storage period for grains depends mainly on the temperature and water content of the grains and seeds.

The study aimed to provide a current overview of the population of the municipality of Volta Redonda-RJ in relation to Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, correlating them with their risk factors, associated comorbidities and treatment used, as well as assessing whether this is in line with the National Guidelines, in order to adapt primary care strategies to optimize and improve health services and patients' quality of life.

Femicide and violence against women continue to be a complex and controversial problem, even though this issue has been redefined at all social levels, particularly in terms of its illegitimacy, illegality and criminality. The main aim of this study is to analyze and characterize the news of femicide in the Portuguese written press, discussing the possible implications of media narratives in the formation/maintenance of stereotypes associated with the crime. The specific objectives are a) to analyze the profile of the victims and aggressors; b) to understand the dynamics of the crime of femicide in intimacy; c) to analyze the social reactions to femicide in intimacy (e.g. victims, family members, neighbors, authorities). The corpus of analysis used was a total of 200 journalistic pieces published daily in the Correio da Manhã newspaper between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014. The instrument used to collect the data was a recording grid.

The aim of this study was to investigate the diet of schoolchildren in four state and private schools in the city of Lavras, Minas Gerais, which was allegedly contaminated with mycotoxins, and to assess the nutritional status of the population under study. The sample consisted of schoolchildren in the 1st and 2nd grades of elementary school, totaling 197 students. The schoolchildren's food consumption was assessed using two types of dietary surveys: the 24-hour recall and the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). To assess the nutritional status of the schoolchildren, the combined weight/height (W/H) and height/age (W/A) indicators were used, which were evaluated using the Z-score. Using the data from the 24-hour recall and the FFQ, a selection was made of the foods mentioned, characterizing them as foods with the greatest potential risk of mycotoxin contamination. The descriptive analyses of the population of schoolchildren indicated a population with a good sample distribution according to gender, with 45.2% (boys) and 54.8% (girls).

The starting point for this research was the realization that more and more young people of school age feel unable to make sense of everything that school offers them. At the same time, when the educational process provides cooperative and supportive pedagogical environments, a broad horizon opens up so that the subjects can assume authorship of their trajectory and thus assign meaning to their actions and the learning process. With the assumptions of complexity theory and the concepts of the Biology of Cognition as a reference, as well as the study of the narratives woven by the research participants, I inserted myself into this system and allowed myself to take part in this process as a self-observed observer. All this weaving allowed me to take another look at history and perceive it as an effective and embodied action on the past.

Evolutionary thinking, mainly Darwinism and its extensions, is of major importance within biology because it underpins the understanding of all biological events. At any level, whether molecular or population-based, it is ultimately the postulates of evolution that give meaning to events in the living world. This work consists of the development, implementation and analysis of a didactic sequence for teaching cytology in the first year of secondary school. This construction is based on Gérard Vergnaud's theory of conceptual fields, as it is through situations that conceptualization takes place. Understanding that knowledge is not mentally organized into topics, as is the case in textbooks and teaching plans, a didactic sequence of nine situations was constructed for teaching cytology so that it is linked to an understanding of evolutionary theory (Darwinism/synthetic theory). The core of the work is evolutionary thinking as a universal invariant, and this perspective led to the teaching of cytology through the articulation of concepts. This possibility can (and should) be extended to the whole of biology.

This work consists of analyzing and reflecting on the reactions of classical music composers at the time of the premiere of their work, whether or not they are conditioned by the practical reality of putting on a concert. Based on the existing bibliographical analysis, results and conclusions will be presented on the different reactions and ways of seeing the moment of the premiere. Conclusions will be drawn with a view to relating the practical reality and the final result to future works and/or to the composer's own way of composing. Finally, the processes and dynamics of the phenomenon will be demonstrated through the analysis of various current cases with their own specificities.

The global prevalence of individuals with lactose intolerance and galactosemia has created a new market for lactose-free food products. In this scenario, the use of systems containing molecules with the ability to capture lactose is very promising. Therefore, a lectin from papaya seeds with the ability to bind lactose was extracted, purified and characterized. This lectin was immobilized in polyaniline and used as a bioaffinity column to remove this disaccharide.

The international mobilization for the respect of human rights due to the invasion of the Tibetan territory by the government of the Republic of China, is enhanced from the distinction of the XIV Dalai Lama with the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989, which illustrates well the idealistic strategies to structure the international system on moral parameters that include the self-determination of peoples, i.e. the independence of Tibet. However, this autonomist spirit clashes with the realistic measures of the State represented by the Chinese central government, focused on the interests of economic development and national sovereignty, which has made it prohibit reincarnation to all those Buddhists living outside the Republic, by means of the Decree issued in 2007. This highlights the desire to abolish the Tulku system, in force within Tibetan Buddhism since the 11th century, and the announcement made by the Dalai Lama since 2007, regarding the possibility of his 15th reincarnation in the body of a woman.

For Belarus, Asian countries are important partners in the development of cooperation in trade and economic, industrial and cooperative, scientific and technical, educational and cultural areas. In particular, the People's Republic of China has traditionally been a key focus of the Belarusian state's foreign policy on this continent. In March 2023, the leaders of Belarus and China adopted a joint statement on the basic principles of the development of exemplary relations of all-weather and all-round strategic partnership between the two countries in the new era. Mutually beneficial relations with Iran are developing. In October 2023 in Tehran, the parties agreed on a plan for further cooperation in promising areas of partnership. Regular interaction at various levels has been established with Vietnam, Pakistan and Turkey. In January 2024, Minsk hosted the 7th meeting of the joint Belarusian-Mongolian intergovernmental commission on trade and economic cooperation, where the state and prospects of cooperation in industry, agriculture, transportation and logistics, finance were discussed. This paper discusses how Belarus is developing partnership ties with these countries.

The work published here refers to the results of a study whose aim was to identify the degree to which the elements that distinguish Burnout Syndrome affect the work of teachers in public schools. The schools participating in the study have the characteristic of being located in places with high levels of violence in their surroundings, located in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. In addition, we sought to describe the main physiological and psychological symptoms resulting from teaching in this context. Questionnaires were applied using a quantitative methodology, using a structured questionnaire adapted from the model used by Assis, (2006) based on the MBI - Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach and Jackson, 1981, 1986, 1996). In order to achieve the objective, questions were included relating to the physiological and psychological symptoms observed and the pressures resulting from the violence and insecurity present in the daily life of the schools surveyed.