Books published by Springer Nature Singapore

This book includes original, peer-reviewed research papers from the International Conference on Internet of Things, Communication and Intelligent Technology (IoTCIT) 2022. It contains the application of communication and IoT engineering in the age of intelligent technology+ from the standpoint of disciplinary integration, combining theory and associated IoT and intelligent technology algorithms. The topics cover the full range of IoT solutions, from IoT to network security, and focus on many forms of communication, such as Next Generation (6G) Mobile Communication, D2D, and M2M Communication. Additionally, it examines Intelligent Technology, with a focus on Information System Modeling and Simulation. It also explores Cloud Computing, Pervasive and Mobile Computing, Distributed Computing, High Performance Computing, and Ubiquitous Computing.

This contributed volume covers a comprehensive account of the sources, toxic biological as well as environmental impacts, and possible remediation strategies for contamination by heavy metals. In biological systems, toxic metals affect the integrity of cellular organelles and act as carcinogens causing chromosomal aberrations or as systemic toxicants leading to cardiovascular, neurobehavioral, and immunological disorders. In plants, they interfere with photosynthesis, fertility, metabolite, and chlorophyll synthesis. Toxicity induced by heavy metals involves mechanistic approaches that need to be understood properly. They cannot be degraded by biological or chemical means and thus can only be converted to less harmful forms. The conventional detection methods include biosensors, voltammetry, atomic absorption spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma with atomic emission spectrometry. All such strategies for metal detection and mitigation strategies are covered in this title under one section.This book incorporates classical views along with modern scientific approaches to develop an understanding of the subject matter suitable for academicians, researchers, planners, policymakers, NGOs, and environmental consultancies and raise awareness on this concern. Topics representing diverse sections namely environmental impacts, biological effects, and methods used for detection and remediation have been included to address all possible contemporary issues on the topic in one concise volume.

This book presents recent advancements of machine learning methods and their applications in material science and nanotechnologies. It provides an introduction to the field and for those who wish to explore machine learning in modeling as well as conduct data analyses of material characteristics. The book discusses ways to enhance the material¿s electrical and mechanical properties based on available regression methods for supervised learning and optimization of material attributes. In summary, the growing interest among academics and professionals in the field of machine learning methods in functional nanomaterials such as sensors, solar cells, and photocatalysis is the driving force for behind this book. This is a comprehensive scientific reference book on machine learning for advanced functional materials and provides an in-depth examination of recent achievements in material science by focusing on topical issues using machine learning methods.

With the rapid proliferation of information and communications technology, industrial automation has undergone a sweeping transformation toward intelligent manufacturing. Wireless communication is widely considered to be one of the key technologies enabling intelligent manufacturing. On one hand, deterministic communication with high reliability and low latency is typically required in industrial automation applications. On the other hand, wireless communication in industrial settings is hindered by strictly limited communication resources and many other factors which mainly derive from the shared and error-prone nature of the wireless channels used. The limited communication resources and harsh channel conditions pose considerable challenges for reliable, real-time data transmission in industrial wireless networks. Resource optimization methods are vital to ensuring the deterministic performance of industrial wireless networks. Traditional resource optimization methods adopt the isolated resource optimization methods for each protocol layer, which is inherently local-optimal and leads performance uncontrollable. To focus on ¿Performance Controllable Industrial Wireless Networks¿, this book presents thejoint resource optimization methods across multiple protocol layers for industrial wireless networks; reviews recent, major advances; and discusses the practical implementations of the proposed methods. The joint resource optimization methods discussed here will greatly benefit scientists and researchers in the areas of industrial automation and Industrial Internet of Things. To gain the most from this book, readers should have a fundamental grasp of wireless communication, scheduling theory, and convex optimization.

Professor Drew¿s latest work makes the case that even great public policy needs to be deliberately and strategically sold in order for it to ultimately be considered a success. However, it seems that most people charged with the task of selling public policy simply do not have the requisite skills to do so.Selling public policy is an art that draws on disparate strands of scholarship spanning the political sciences, economics, sociology, ethics and the classics. To perform the art of selling public policy one must first master the lessons from the greats in the field. Following this, it is necessary to learn how to apply the knowledge to real-world complex scenarios in such a way that the policy is indeed sold and stays sold over the implied returns period.This book is unique in the corpus of scholarly literature because it provides both the knowledge and real-world case studies required for students, scholars, and policy practitioners to master the art of selling public policy.

This book presents state-of-the-art blockchain and AI advances in health care. Healthcare service is increasingly creating the scope for blockchain and AI applications to enter the biomedical and healthcare world. Today, blockchain, AI, ML, and deep learning are affecting every domain. Through its cutting-edge applications, AI and ML are helping transform the healthcare industry for the better. Blockchain is a decentralization communication platform that has the potential to decentralize the way we store data and manage information. Blockchain technology has potential to reduce the role of middleman, one of the most important regulatory actors in our society. Transactions are simultaneously secure and trustworthy due to the use of cryptographic principles. In recent years, blockchain technology has become very trendy and has penetrated different domains, mostly due to the popularity of cryptocurrencies. One field where blockchain technology has tremendous potential is health care, dueto the need for a more patient-centric approach in healthcare systems to connect disparate systems and to increase the accuracy of electronic healthcare records (EHRs).

This book thoroughly reviews the advancements in design and applications of Polymeric Micelles (PMs) in drug delivery. It provides information on the synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers and their types, functional chemistry for targeting and sensing, and biomedical applications. The book further provides the possibilities for designing PMs in a range of drug delivery approaches. The book addresses the molecular parameters of amphiphilic block copolymers that are required for functionalizing PMs for drug delivery applications. Additionally, the book presents recent advances in applications of PMs such as co-delivery, sensing, theranostics, delivery of nucleic acids, and proteins. Towards the end, it discusses different physico-chemical strategies to enhance the stability and drug retention of polymeric micelles and reviews the preclinical and clinical toxicity and immunogenicity-related aspects of polymeric micelles. This book is an invaluable source for academics, research, and industry professionals working in the field of polymeric micelles and drug delivery.

This book seeks to promote investment opportunities in a global context, given San Marinös advantageous tax and corporate system. After introducing readers to the country¿s historical, geographical and political background, it focuses on current economic trends, business practices and the main institutions for economic development. In turn, the book illustrates San Marinös unique international status, which supports its active membership in numerous international organizations. Additionally, it reports on the country¿s ties with the world¿s largest economies. These ties are chiefly characterized by international treaties and Double Tax Agreements (DTAs), which are also analyzed. In closing, the book shares insights into other small European countries¿ dealings with San Marino (Andorra, Lichtenstein and Monaco).

This book comprehensively reviews the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in biomedical research and healthcare, with a major emphasis on virology. The initial chapter presents the applications of machine learning methods for structured data, such as the classical support vector machine and neural network, modern deep learning, and natural language processing for unstructured data in biomedical research and healthcare. The subsequent chapters explore the applications of AI in tackling COVID-19, analysis of the pandemic, viral infection, disease spread, and control. The book further identifies the potential applications of machine learning in the field of virology with a focus on the key aspects of infection: diagnosis, transmission, response to treatment, and resistance. The book also discusses progress and challenges in developing viral vaccines and examines the application of viruses in translational research and human healthcare.Furthermore, the book covers the applications of artificial intelligence-mediated diagnosis and the development of drugs to treat the disease. Towards the end, the book summarizes the ethical and legal challenges posed by AI in healthcare and biomedical research. This book is an invaluable source for researchers, medical and industry practitioners, academicians, and students exploring the applications of AI in biomedical research and healthcare.¿

This Monograph is a compilation of clinical experience and basic research by the author on the function and anatomy of the shoulder joint, with particular emphasis on biomechanics. The book provides deep and comprehensive knowledge about the shoulder based on the author¿s over forty years of career. This book is unique in that it emphasizes the process of discovering new knowledge through searching for clinical questions or ¿whys¿ and solving them. The author shows how he tackled various problems with a great deal of medical curiosity. The chapters place much space on anatomy, function, and pathology, for correct treatment through an accurate understanding of the pathology.The first part of this book explains the basic examination methods as clearly as possible, with abundant figures taken during patient consultations. Part two through four describes some diseases of the shoulder joint, including rotator cuff tears, instability, frozen shoulder, biceps disorders,and throwing shoulder, all of which are frequently encountered in daily practice. In part five, biomechanical research related to suture anchors is presented, and correct insertion angles and intervals are described. It is crucial to understand the surgical method correctly and question the commonly used techniques for better patient care. A clear explanation of long-standing debates, such as the deadman theory, is explained based on the evidence from his research. The last part presents two cases that are rarely encountered but are interesting from the perspective of functional reconstruction of the shoulder. Shoulderology - Searching for ¿Whys¿ Related to the Shoulder invites shoulder surgeons, fellows, residents, and medical students to read the thought-provoking collection of evidence and interpretations of the common knowledge. It will be of interest to orthopaedic surgeons specializing in other areas. The author places a strong emphasis on educatingyoung researchers and provides valuable guidance apart from the basic research and clinical practice and hopes that the book will motivate the subsequent generations to pursue further study.

Fashion, and the growth of fashion, are presented as the manifestation of a process of civilization, within a capitalist culture (capital understood as material possessions) that has become global and imperialist, of which - in an economic sense - the industry (or the fashion system?) functions as one of its main instruments of exploitation. And with respect to design, Arturo Escobar said:"Can design detach itself from its roots in modernist practices of unsustainability and defuturization and reorient itself towards other commitments, practices, narratives and ontological enactions? Moreover, can design be part of the toolkit for the transition to the pluriverze (i.e. a world in which many worlds can fit)?"This book presents the importance of cultural sustainability in the textiles and fashion industry, decolonizing fashion system and promotes the design for transitions.

This book begins by providing a simplified version of the computational quantum chemistry sufficient to calculate the wavefunctions that are the basic input of NG-QTAIM. Enough basic (scalar) QTAIM theory is provided to understand the later chapters. In addition, our developments of scalar QTAIM are presented and activities at various levels of difficulty are provided for the readership to facilitate understanding. The topological origins of Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) before explaining the highlights and consequences of the developments of Next-Generation QTAIM (NG-QTAIM) that is a 3-D vector-based realization of QTAIM. The book compiles all developments and extensions of Next-Generation QTAIM in one place for easy reference for those engaged in theoretical/computational chemistry. Essential insights into molecular switch functioning not available from the energy barrier or any scalar measures are presented along with a new measure toassess the efficiency of rotary molecular motors. The book also discusses how the treatment of external forces such as electric fields and laser irradiation is included in NG-QTAIM. This book benefits theoretical/computational chemists/physics/engineers, students (graduate and undergraduate) and chemical/pharmaceutical industry researchers who carry out chemical computations in universities and industries.Where appropriate, Target Learning Outcomes and Further Reading are provided along with a list of the scientific goals to be addressed in addition to a glossary table in the summary sections. Where applicable each chapter concludes by outlining benefits, limitations and suggestions for further investigations.All our NG-QTAIM publications are available as pre-prints in the form of .pdf files along with the corresponding supplementary materials at our BEACON website www.beaconresearch.org.

This book explores how the business transformation taking place in Japan is influenced by the digital revolution. The chapters present approaches and examples from sectors commonly understood to be visible arenas of digital transformation¿3D printing and mobility, for instance¿as well as some from not-so-obvious sectors, such as retail, services, and fintech.Business today is facing unprecedented change especially due to the adoption of new, digital technologies, with a noticeable transformation of manufacturing and services. The changes have been brought by advanced robotics, the emergence of artificial intelligence, and digital networks that are growing in size and capability as the number of connected devices explodes. In addition, there are advanced manufacturing and collaborative connected platforms, including machine-to-machine communications. Adoption of digital technology has caused process disruptions in both the manufacturing and services sectors and led to new business models and new products. While examining the preparedness of the Japanese economy to embrace these changes, the book explores the impact of digitally influenced changes on some selected sectors from a Japanese perspective. It paints a big picture in explaining how a previously manufacturing-centric, successful economy adopts change to retain and rebuild success in the global environment. Japan as a whole is embracing, yet also avoiding¿innovating but also restricting¿various forms of digitalization of life and work. The book, with its 12 chapters, is a collaborative effort of individuals contributing diverse points of view as technologists, academics, and managers.

This book introduces a complete quantitative evaluation system of the Whole Petroleum System (WPS) on theory and expounds the correlation and difference between conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs and resources, with large number of well-prepared charts and novel expressions. It has important guiding significance for the exploration and development of conventional and unconventional oil and gas all over the world and provides valuable insights for reader with an interest in petroleum geology.

The book focuses on control synthesis for semi-Markovian switching systems. By using multiple semi-Markovian Lyapunov function approaches, a basic theoretical framework is formed toward the issue of control synthesis for semi-Markovian switching systems. This is achieved by providing an in-depth study on several major topics such as sliding mode control, finite-time control, quantized control, event-triggered control, synchronization, and fuzzy control for semi-Markovian switching systems. The comprehensive and systematic treatment of semi-Markovian switching systems is one of the major features of the book, which is particularly suitable for readers who are interested to learn control theory and engineering. By reading this book, the reader can obtain the most advanced analysis and design techniques for stochastic switching systems.

This book reviews the central role of hypoxia in cancer initiation and progression. It discusses the mechanisms of hypoxia in chemoresistance, radioresistance, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, metastasis, metabolic, and genomic instability. It also explores the potential of hypoxia in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The book provides an overview of hypoxia imaging, its biological relevance, and mechanism of action. It helps in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the regulation of senescence by hypoxia. It explores the contribution of hypoxia to immune resistance and immune suppression/tolerance and determines the hypoxia-responsive long non-coding RNAs in regulating hypoxic gene expression at chromatin, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. Further, it presents the functional link between hypoxia and miRNA expressions and hypoxia-regulated miRNAs in cancer cell survival in a low oxygen environment. Lastly, it discusses the applications of tumor-on-a-chip technology for the understanding of hypoxia-tumor microenvironment. This book is a valuable source for oncologists and scientists working to understand the role of hypoxia in cancer and therapeutic approaches.

This book introduces various mathematical models used in ecological risk assessment, primarily discussing models used in hazard assessment. The book aims to link ecology and conservation biology with risk assessments, bringing together the knowledge of ecotoxicology and ecology for effective risk assessment. The first part describes population-level assessment in ecological risk assessment. The chapters cover current methodologies for ecological risk assessment, individual-level assessment, population dynamics models for population-level assessment, case studies, mathematical models for population extinctions, the derivation of mean time to extinction (MTE) and their case studies. The second part of the book discusses the mathematical models involved in hazard assessments. It introduces the method of risk assessment using species sensitivity distributions (SSDs), hazard assessment of metals, chemical mixtures using the Michaelis-Menten equation, basic elements of statistics and related topics. Expected readers are risk assessors in governments and public sectors, students and young researchers interested in environmental science. The book is made accessible and easy to follow by beginners in mathematical biology and theoretical ecology.

The book contributes to the sparse academic literature on African and minority language media research. It serves as a compendium of experiences, activities and case studies on the use of native language media. Chapters in this book make theoretical, methodical and empirical contributions about indigenous African language media that are affected by structural factors of politics, technology, culture and economy and how they are creatively produced and appropriated by their audiences across African cultures and contexts. This book explores indigenous African language media about media representations, media texts and contents, practice-based activities, audience reception and participation, television, popular culture and cinema, peace and conflict resolution, health and environmental crisis communication, citizen journalism, ethnic and identity formation, beat analysis and investigative journalism, and corporate communication. There are hardly any similar works that focus on the various issues relating to this body of knowledge. The book provides a valuable companion for scholars in various fields like communication, media studies, African studies, African languages, popular culture, journalism, health and environmental communication.

This book presents the proceedings of ICITS 2022 covering different tracks in the field of Sports Engineering and Technology, namely, Instrumentation, Materials, Data Analytics, Biomechanics, Simulation, Equipment Design and Performance Analysis, amongst others. This collection of articles deliberates the key challenges as well as technological innovations that facilitate the enhancement of sporting performance. The readers are expected to gain an insightful view on the current trends, issues, mitigating factors, technological innovations as well as proposed solutions.¿

This book constitutes selected papers presented during the Third China Annual Intelligent Robotics Conference, CCF CIRAC 2022, held in Xi' an, China, in December 2022. The 35 papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the 120 qualified submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: robot safety; intelligent robot sensing; autonomous robot navigation; artificial intelligence and cloud robot; unmanned cluster collaboration; natural human-computer interaction; other robot-related technologies.

This book showcases cutting-edge research papers from the 9th International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD 2023) ¿ the largest in India in this area ¿ written by eminent researchers from across the world on design processes, technologies, methods and tools, and their impact on innovation, for supporting design for a connected world. The theme of ICoRD¿23 has been ¿Design in the Era of Industry 4.0¿. Industry 4.0 signifies the fourth industrial revolution. The first industrial revolution was driven by the introduction of mechanical power such as steam and water engines to replace human and animal labour. The second industrial revolution involved introduction of electrical power and organised labour. The third industrial revolution was powered by introduction of industrial automation. The fourth industrial revolution involves introduction of a combination of technologies to enable connected intelligence and industrial autonomy. The introduction of Industry 4.0 dramatically changes the landscape of innovation, and the way design, the engine of innovation, is carried out. The theme of ICoRD¿23 - ¿Design in the Era of Industry 4.0¿ ¿explores how Industry 4.0 concepts and technologies influence the way design is conducted, and how methods, tools, and approaches for supporting design can take advantage of this transformational change that is sweeping across the world. The book is of interest to researchers, professionals, and entrepreneurs working in the areas on industrial design, manufacturing, consumer goods, and industrial management who are interested in the new and emerging methods and tools for design of new products, systems, and services.

Under the contraction of global energy supply brought on by geopolitical situation, this timely book addresses how resource-scarce developing countries respond to challenges in energy security. In particular, for countries underpinning efforts for an autonomous supply of energy, either oil/natural gas, nuclear power or renewable energy, this book revisits the evolution of overseas energy investment of two industrial giants in East Asia, Korea and Japan. It will provide meaningful lessons of how the state sets up policies and navigates political procedures for energy security. While a historical case study, it also offers its readers new insight into the international energy market by taking the stark déjà vu in its repetitive nature and putting it into context.The book provides an in-depth study highlighting the differences in political systems which led to contrasting outcomes. The one with a small number of veto players succeeded in establishing and expanding state-owned oilcompanies while producing policy inconsistency at the same time and vice versa. This comprehensive review of East Asian politics will add value to East Asian Studies by presenting a new approach through a universal theory rather than cultural uniqueness. As a readable case study on energy security, this book will be an essential reference for scholars, policymakers, industry insiders and citizens who are interested in how nations respond to historic challenges in a political and international context.

Although deep learning models have achieved great progress in vision, speech, language, planning, control, and many other areas, there still exists a large performance gap between deep learning models and the human cognitive system. Many researchers argue that one of the major reasons accounting for the performance gap is that deep learning models and the human cognitive system process visual information in very different ways.To mimic the performance gap, since 2014, there has been a trend to model various cognitive mechanisms from cognitive neuroscience, e.g., attention, memory, reasoning, and decision, based on deep learning models. This book unifies these new kinds of deep learning models and calls them deep cognitive networks, which model various human cognitive mechanisms based on deep learning models. As a result, various cognitive functions are implemented, e.g., selective extraction, knowledge reuse, and problem solving, for more effective information processing.This book first summarizes existing evidence of human cognitive mechanism modeling from cognitive psychology and proposes a general framework of deep cognitive networks that jointly considers multiple cognitive mechanisms. Then, it analyzes related works and focuses primarily but not exclusively, on the taxonomy of four key cognitive mechanisms (i.e., attention, memory, reasoning, and decision) surrounding deep cognitive networks. Finally, this book studies two representative cases of applying deep cognitive networks to the task of image-text matching and discusses important future directions.

This book introduces a new Model-Based Reliability System Engineering (MBRSE) methodology, including its concept connotation, basic theory and technologies, framework of integrated platform and engineering application cases. Different from traditional Reliability System Engineering (RSE) methods that mainly rely on the management of documents, MBRSE is model centric method, with which the design for hexability (including ¿reliability, maintainability, testability, supportability, environmental adaptability and safety¿) is performed by the revolution of united models in complete R&D fields and the process of closed- loop failure mitigation. This method can integrate all techniques and approaches of reliability engineering into the main process of R&D, and therefore is considered as a generalized hexability design and analysis tool. Furthermore, the future perspectives in the development of MBRSE are also presented through the combination of Digital Twin technology. The main objective of the book is to provide the readers who have engaged in theoretical and technical researches, project management and engineering design applications of reliability engineering, as well as for teachers, senior undergraduates and postgraduates in colleges and universities working on reliability engineering and system engineering.

This book showcases cutting-edge research papers from the 9th International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD 2023) ¿ the largest in India in this area ¿ written by eminent researchers from across the world on design processes, technologies, methods and tools, and their impact on innovation, for supporting design for a connected world. The theme of ICoRD¿23 has been ¿Design in the Era of Industry 4.0¿. Industry 4.0 signifies the fourth industrial revolution. The first industrial revolution was driven by the introduction of mechanical power such as steam and water engines to replace human and animal labour. The second industrial revolution involved introduction of electrical power and organised labour. The third industrial revolution was powered by introduction of industrial automation. The fourth industrial revolution involves introduction of a combination of technologies to enable connected intelligence and industrial autonomy. The introduction of Industry 4.0 dramatically changes the landscape of innovation, and the way design, the engine of innovation, is carried out. The theme of ICoRD¿23 - ¿Design in the Era of Industry 4.0¿ ¿explores how Industry 4.0 concepts and technologies influence the way design is conducted, and how methods, tools, and approaches for supporting design can take advantage of this transformational change that is sweeping across the world. The book is of interest to researchers, professionals, and entrepreneurs working in the areas on industrial design, manufacturing, consumer goods, and industrial management who are interested in the new and emerging methods and tools for design of new products, systems, and services.

This book focuses on the distributed control and estimation of large-scale networked distributed systems and the approach of distributed model predictive and moving horizon estimation. Both principles and engineering practice have been addressed, with more weight placed on engineering practice. This is achieved by providing an in-depth study on several major topics such as the state estimation and control design for the networked system with considering time-delay, data-drop, etc., Distributed MPC design for improving the performance of the overall networked system, which includes several classic strategies for different scenarios, details of the application of the distributed model predictive control to smart grid system and distributed water network. The comprehensive and systematic treatment of theoretical and practical issues in distributed MPC for networked systems is one of the major features of the book, which is particularly suited for readers who are interested to learn practical solutions in distributed estimation and optimization of distributed networked systems. The book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of chemical engineering, control theory and engineering, electrical and electronic engineering, chemical engineering, and computer engineering, etc.

Based on the ethical thinking of the pre-Qin Dynasty, this book discusses the formation and development of traditional Chinese ethics, the refinement of the Confucian ethical normative system and the establishment of its orthodoxy, as well as the deepening and maturation of feudal ethics. The book is simple in style and clear in context. It contains not only the essence of traditional Chinese morality but also the achievements of modern civilization. It analyzes the implications of traditional Chinese ethics on the governance and moral construction of modern society and can be used as a reference for governance and revitalization of the country and moral development.

This book presents high-quality peer-reviewed papers from the International Conference on Electronics, Biomedical Engineering, and Health Informatics (ICEBEHI) 2022 held at Surabaya, Indonesia, virtually. The contents are broadly divided into three parts: (a) Electronics, (b) Biomedical Engineering, and (c) Health Informatics. The major focus is on emerging technologies and their applications in the domain of biomedical engineering. It includes papers based on original theoretical, practical, and experimental simulations, development, applications, measurements, and testing. Featuring the latest advances in the field of biomedical engineering applications, this book serves as a definitive reference resource for researchers, professors, and practitioners interested in exploring advanced techniques in the fields of electronics, biomedical engineering, and health informatics. The applications and solutions discussed here provide excellent reference material for future product development.