Books published by Springer Nature Singapore

This book is the first coherent presentation of the latest research and practices concerned with how recent advances in mobile information and communication technology (ICT) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are utilized to enhance the value of the city and change the way that city planning and management are carried out. Its salient feature is the pursuit of the individual-oriented evaluative point of view regarding the city. This view considers the value of the city to be the total of visit-values individuals feel and appreciate when they visit the city. The visit-value is conceptualized as the intangible asset value of the attractiveness of the city that visitors form in their minds based on their experiences and activities in the city, transactions with city space, and communications with other people. Visitors to the city may well be quite heterogeneous individuals with different motives and preferences. Thus, to enhance the value of the city, quite different visit values of heterogeneous individuals should be enhanced simultaneously, which necessitates the use of ICT and IoT in living spaces. Based on this view, the city utilizing ICT and IoT to enhance the value of the city is called the social city. Whereas many other books deal with the impacts of the advances in mobile ICT on the city, they only discuss how these advances change the infrastructure of the city but do not discuss how these technological advances can be utilized to enhance the city¿s value. This book first develops the concept of the social city based on an individual micro-behavioral approach. Then, it presents the latest studies on technological components of the social city, such as the human-sensing technology for estimating individual behavior, decision making, and mood; the visualizing technology of the thermal 3-dimensional environment of the city; and the social-sensing technology using social networking service (SNS) for measuring and creating an atmosphere of city space. Finally,it envisages the future of the social city.

This book explains general concepts of an important engineering thermoplastic polymer¿polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT). It describes preparation methods, characterization techniques, and various applications of PTT-based blends, IPNs, and composites. It also gives a clear idea about the engineering thermoplastic, PTT, and its importance in future. In addition to the basic concepts of PTT-based materials, the book also includes novel studies and issues on this topic. This book is an outcome of contributions by experts from different disciplines with various backgrounds and expertise. This book is useful for professionals, researchers, industrial practitioners, graduate students, and senior undergraduates of polymer science and engineering. Additionally, it is also beneficial for researchers working on materials science, surface science, bioengineering, chemical engineering, and nanomaterials. This book helps the researchers and students in expanding their knowledge in this field.

This book uncovers the multiple layers of challenges posed to achieve sustainable human health and improves the understanding of interactive areas set by the UN Sustainable Development Goals (1) no poverty, (2) zero hunger, (3) good health and wellbeing, (6) clean water and sanitation, and (11) sustainable cities and communities. The book focuses on conceptual understanding, food, nutrition, lifestyle, and their integration to reinforce the ideas of holistic health principles.'The most important drivers of sustainable health are food, nutrition, and lifestyle. Healthy food is a basic need of human beings. In under-developed regions, people are underweight and facing malnutrition, with a prevalence of deficiency diseases due to low intake of micro-nutrients such as vitamin A, iodine, and protein among others. A good diet as well as lifestyle has a tremendous bearing on a person¿s health, emotional stability, and enthusiasm for life.The global coronavirus pandemic has brought unimaginable devastation and hardship in all corners of the globe, questioning the existing healthcare services, health policies, and health planning across the developed and developing countries. It has also exposed the lacunae in understanding health, the base of human happiness. The global community needs to gravely ponder the health issues we are facing and explore sustainable solutions for health recovery and the wellbeing of humanity.

This book highlights contemporary state of research in multi-disciplinary areas in Physics, Biomedical Sciences, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science/Engineering, Life Sciences, and Healthcare. The accepted submissions to the 8th IRC Conference on Science, Engineering and Technology (IRC-SET 2022) that were presented on 6th August 2022, are published in this conference proceedings. The papers presented here were shortlisted after extensive rounds of rigorous reviews by a panel of esteemed individuals who are pioneers and experts in their respective domains.

This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Fluid Flow and Thermal Sciences (ICAFFTS 2021) and summarizes the modern research practices in thermal sciences and engineering. The content of book involves advanced topics in heat transfer science, automobile, refrigeration and air conditioning, cryogenics, non-conventional systems and energy storage. Topics on cutting edge research in the area of hybrid nano-PCM-based systems, solar-based applications, bio-diesel and nano additives-based combustion, fuel cell and thermoacoustic engine are also included. In addition, this book contains recent research in the area of two-phase thermal management of Li-Ion/Li-titanium battery and LED systems using heat sink, heat pipe, pulsating heat pipe and thermosyphon with next-generation refrigerants, PCM and nanofluid. Some thermal aspects of virus/aerosol research, advances in volumetric velocimetry and application of artificial intelligence in thermal systems are also covered. This book is a valuable reference for academicians, researchers and professionals working in the various fields of thermal sciences.

This handbook summarizes the current advancements and growth in sustainable carbonaceous porous materials for fabrication and revival of energy devices, fuel cells, sensors technology, solar cell technology, stealth technology in addition to biomedical applications. It also covers the potential applications of carbon materials in various fields such as chemical, engineering, biomedical and environmental sciences. It also confers the prospective utilization of 2D and 3D hierarchical porous carbon in different interdisciplinary engineering applications. The book discusses major challenges faced in the development of cost-effective future energy storage strategies and provides effective solutions for improvement in the performance of carbon-based materials. Given the content, this handbook will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of material chemistry and allied fields.

This proceedings volume contains selected revised and extended research articles written by researchers who participated in the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2015, held in San Francisco, USA, 21-23 October 2015. Topics covered include engineering mathematics, electrical engineering, circuits, communications systems, computer science, chemical engineering, systems engineering, manufacturing engineering, and industrial applications.The book offers the reader an overview of the state of the art in engineering technologies, computer science, systems engineering and applications, and will serve as an excellent reference work for researchers and graduate students working in these fields.

This book constitutes refereed proceedings of the 2nd International Semantic Intelligence Conference (ISIC 2022). This book covers a wide range of topics, including semantic web engineering, ontology-based data access, multimodal and multilingual access, machine-to-machine communications and interoperability, knowledge extraction and ontology learning from the web, computational paradigms and computational intelligence, distributed and mobile systems, and many others. This book includes novel contributions and the latest developments from researchers across industry and academia. This book serves as a valuable reference resource for academics and researchers across the globe.

This book is the first authoritative study of the research output and scientific impact of Nigerian health academics, including those in the diaspora. Around the world, policymakers and academics measure the scientific impact of research at national and international levels using bibliometric measures. Unfortunately, there is limited data on scientists' research productivity and impact in developing countries, particularly in Africa. Therefore, normative bibliometric information from different countries is needed to address the challenges faced by scientists in Africa. This book contributes to filling this research gap. Additionally, the author addresses the controversies surrounding the use of bibliometrics in judging research productivity and offers recommendations to improve research systems.

This book highlights a comprehensive coverage of X­¿ray and Gammäray astrophysics. The first and the second parts discuss, respectively, X-ray and Gamma-ray experimental techniques and observatories. The third part is devoted to science, including galactic and extragalactic sources. The fourth and last parts are dedicated to analysis techniques in X-ray and Gamma-ray astronomy: spectral analysis, imagining analysis, timing analysis, and polarimetric analysis. Presenting the state of the art in X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy, this is both a valuable book for students and an important reference resource for researchers in the field.

Inside you lies a precise scientific instrument ¿ the ability to observe Nature and recall past experiences. You were born with it and you use it every day. You can be trained to use it more effectively to, for example, compare and discover new species of organisms or new minerals. Our senses do have limitations, and we often use microscopes, telescopes and other tools to aid our observation. However, we benefit from knowing their limitations and the impact they have on our ability to combine our observations and our experience to make decisions. Once these tools replace our direct observation and our experience we ourselves become disconnected from Nature. Scientific practice turns into well-meant opinions out-weighing empirical evidence. This is happening now in the current age of big data and artificial intelligence. The author calls this the Modern Hubris and it is slowly corroding science. To combat the Modern Hubris and to reconnect with Nature, scientists need to change the way they practise observation. To do so may require the scientist to transform themself. One person who successfully did this was Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. His journey demonstrates how one man attempted to take on the Modern Hubris by transforming his life and how he saw Nature. Following Goethe¿s transformation teaches us how we can also reconnect ourselves with Nature and Natural science.

This book highlights recent advances in the area of machine learning and robotics-based soft computing applications. The book covers various artificial intelligence, machine learning, and mechanics, a mix of mechanical computational engineering work. The current computing era has a huge market/potential for machine learning, robotics, and soft computing techniques and their applications. With this in view, the book shares latest research and cutting-edge applications useful for professionals and researchers in these areas.¿

This book carries out comprehensive research on the underlying problems regarding the globalization of Chinese enterprises. It also proposes practical solutions for dealing with difficulties in the legal sphere, legislation, international talent development, and financing solutions for Chinese firms going global. In light of the great opportunities and space for outbound investment, this book also provides insights on how to push forward the Belt and Road Initiative.The insights herein help readers understand the basic state of Chinese enterprises in overseas development and has important reference value for enterprises looking to gain a better understanding of foreign investment strategies, make the most of opportunities and challenges and promote their development at a higher level.