Books published by Springer Nature Switzerland AG

This book is an earnest effort in understanding the slums and their needs by taking a case study of Kalaburagi, India. This study aims to contribute sustainable methodologies to advance the living conditions of slum dwellers and for better execution of slum policies. The core objectives are: 1) mapping the existing slums of Kalaburagi (formerly Gulbarga) city using slum ontology from very high-resolution data and validating the slum map through ground survey and using reliable data; 2) developing a model to understand the factors which are responsible for the present growth as well as to predict the future growth of slums; 3) estimating the housing demand of urban poor and suggesting a suitable site for the rehabilitation program; and 4) suggestions for the better intervention of government policies with special reference to in-situ program.Urban is the future, and slums are its reality. Sustainable development goals are directly and indirectly concerned about theincreasing urbanization and the slums. Housing the urban poor and affordable housing to all are the national missions. Practically making these plans successful depends on a deep understanding of urban issues and proper methodology and technology to handle it. The participatory slum mapping, cellular automata slum model, housing demand analysis, and the spatial decision support system demonstrated in the book help in monitoring and managing the slums and thus lead towards a slum-free India.

The food system is our last coal-fired power station, our last diesel engine. This book is a trans-disciplinary approach to what needs to be done to make our food system sustainable and to regenerate soil and water resources, habitat, economy and society. The book brings back classical principles of agronomy and integrates economic, agro-ecological and social perspectives, drawing on a wealth of expertise on the political economy of the food system, Conservation Agriculture, and long-term field experiments.Regenerative agriculture builds on known knowns ¿ like crop rotation, water and nutrient requirements, soil and water conservation, farm-gate prices, international trade and supply chains. It grapples with known unknowns ¿ like weed, pest and disease control without agrochemicals, cover crops for profit as well as protection, mitigating and adapting to the climate crisis, resilience and tipping points in ecosystems, farming systems and societies, and how we can pay for imperative changes. Lastly, it acknowledges unknown unknowns ¿ the things we are oblivious to but which we really must know ¿ like how to liberate the ghettos of the mind inhabited by farmers, agronomists, politicians and societies.

This volume originated in talks given in Cortona at the conference "Geometric aspects of harmonic analysis" held in honor of the 70th birthday of Fulvio Ricci. It presents timely syntheses of several major fields of mathematics as well as original research articles contributed by some of the finest mathematicians working in these areas. The subjects dealt with are topics of current interest in closely interrelated areas of Fourier analysis, singular integral operators, oscillatory integral operators, partial differential equations, multilinear harmonic analysis, and several complex variables.The work is addressed to researchers in the field.

This beautifully illustrated volume takes the reader on a wide-ranging tour through music education facilities designed during the past 20 years, with a particular emphasis on the acoustical and architectural design of the locations. The book opens with a series of essays from key design team members, including an acoustical consultant, architect, audio/video systems consultant, and theatre consultant. The main body of the work consists of a rich array of contributions from acoustical consulting firms and music education facility designers from across the world on their recent innovative works in the area of music education facility acoustics. Each entry includes high-resolution photos and renderings, scientific data, and evocative descriptions of the music education facilities. Filled with beautiful photography and fascinating modern design, this book is a must-read for anyone interested in music education architecture, acoustical design, or musical performance.¿This new publication on design of music education facilities is highly welcomed. Not only does it present many acoustically interesting projects, it also gives an up-to-date introduction to the scientific knowledge and design practice in this field. The book also helps the reader to understand why it is so important to ensure good acoustic conditions in music education facilities: to nourish students at all levels to achieve their goals as musicians.¿ - Anders Chr. Gade, Ph.D., senior consultant at Gade & Mortensen Akustik and author of Acoustics in Halls for Speech and Music (chapter in Springer Handbook of Acoustics)¿This book ensures the reader will see the full vocabulary of elemental solutions to broad challenges. The expected concert halls, rehearsal spaces, and practice rooms are joined by newer, essential components: recording studios, control rooms, vocal booths, beat labs, and more. This media-rich publication enables detailed study while motivating big picture, interdisciplinarythinking. This new book curates and beautifully structures a deep store of outstanding architectural achievements that are sure to kindle the creation of future successful music education facilities.¿ - Alex U. Case, Associate Professor of Sound Recording Technology at the University of Massachusetts Lowell and author of Sound FX ¿ Unlocking the Creative Potential of Recording Studio Effects¿This book is a wonderful collection of music education facilities. The narratives and images provide a wealth of information for the casual reader, student in acoustics, architect, owner/educator, and acoustician. Primary schools through universities are not often studied and reviewed. Finding a thorough collection of these space types is rare. This book is recommended for anyone who is studying, designing, or enjoys reading about music education facilities.¿ - Jason Duty, P.E., Vice President at Charles M. Salter Associates, Inc.

This book provides a solid foundation from which most practical, theoretical problems related to sandwich structures can be derived and solved. The text brings together many problems found in the literature, such as those concerning buckling, post-buckling, free vibration, and dynamic response under various types of loadings. Sandwich construction with functionally graded facings is also briefly discussed, wherein topics obtain theoretical solutions from one comprehensive, consistent theory. The basic governing equations are presented in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates considering the shallow shell theory, which includes the strain-displacement equations, the constitutive equations, equations of motion, and the compatibility equations. Providing a clear theoretical foundation for engineers and research scientists in need of detail on sandwich structures in professional practice, the book is an ideal reference for understanding these structures through a comprehensive treatment ofthe theory, mathematical procedures, and applications.

This book reviews all aspects of the use of machine learning in contemporary dentistry, clearly explaining its significance for dental imaging, oral diagnosis and treatment, dental designs, and dental research. Machine learning is an emerging field of artificial intelligence research and practice in which computer agents are employed to improve perception, cognition, and action based on their ability to ¿learn¿, for example through use of big data techniques. Its application within dentistry is designed to promote personalized and precision patient care, with enhancement of diagnosis and treatment planning. In this book, readers will find up-to-date information on different machine learning tools and their applicability in various dental specialties. The selected examples amply illustrate the opportunities to employ a machine learning approach within dentistry while also serving to highlight the associated challenges. Machine Learning in Dentistry will be of value for all dental practitioners and researchers who wish to learn more about the potential benefits of using machine learning techniques in their work.

This edited volume informs readers about changing norms and meanings of borders and underlines recent scenarios that shape these borders. It focuses mainly on the Mediterranean and Middle East regions through the following questions: What are the social, cultural, philosophical, political, economic and aesthetic reasons for spatial segregation within contemporary territories and cities? In the world of globalization and networks, what are the new limitations of space? What are the alienating differences between interior and exterior, private and public, urban and rural, local and global, and real and virtual? Are spatial definitions and divisions more likely to be weakened (if not totally erased) by effects of globalization and mobility, similar to the dissolution of borders between countries? Or are local practices and measures likely to become more apparent with emerging trends such as sustainability and identity? Authored by international scholars, all chapters are arranged under four main parts: Urban and Rural, Global and Local, Physical and Sensual, Real and Virtual. Hence, different concepts and definitions of borders along with varying methods and tools for questioning their essence in architectural and urban spaces will be introduced. For example, in the rural and urban context, environments, settlements-housing, landscape, transformation, conservation and development; in the global and local context, styles, identity, universal design, sustainability, globalization and networks, mobility and migration; in the physical and sensual context, design studies and methodologies, environmental psychology, aesthetic reasoning, sense of place and well-being, and in the real and virtual context, realities, tools and communities are the main themes of the chapters.This book will be an essential source for professionals, scholars, and students of architecture and urban design with a view to understanding multidisciplinary perspectives in designing borders as well as the dialectical relationship between borders and space.

This open access book is a result of an extensive, ambitious and wide-ranging pan-European project focusing on the development of children and young people¿s cultural literacy and what it means to be European in the 21st century prioritising intercultural dialogue and mutual understanding. The Horizon 2020 funded, 3-year DIalogue and Argumentation for cultural Literacy Learning (DIALLS) project included ten partners from countries in and around Europe with the aim to centralise co-constructive dialogue as a main cultural literacy value and to promote tolerance, empathy and inclusion. This is achieved through teaching children in schools from a young age to engage together in discussions where they may have differing viewpoints or perspectives, to enable a growing awareness of their own cultural identities, and those of others. Central to the project is children¿s engagement with wordless picture books and films, which are used as stimuli for discussions around core cultural themes such as social responsibility, living together and sustainable development. In order to enable intercultural dialogue in action, the project developed an online platform as a tool for engagement across classes, and which this book elaborates on.The book explores themes underpinning this unique interdisciplinary project, drawing together scholars from cultural studies, civics education and linguistics, psychologists, socio-cultural literacy researchers, teacher educators and digital learning experts. Each chapter of the book explores a theme that is common to the project, and celebrates its interdisciplinarity by exploring these themes through different lenses.

The Enhancing Resources and Increasing Capacities of Poor Households Towards Elimination of their Poverty (the ENRICH) programme is being implemented by Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation (PKSF), which is a government-established Foundation and implements its programmes through Partner NGOs. The efforts are concerned with the perspective of eradicating poverty, aiming at enabling individuals to live a life that is humanly dignified. In doing so, the ENRICH programme focuses on creating opportunities for them to exercise freedom in determining their choices. The approach based on this understanding, i.e. poverty reduction/elimination and economic improvement strategies, coupled with interventions that ensure access to universal human rights, should promote freedom of choice leading to a dignified life and has shaped the programme contents and implementation framework.The ENRICH programme has been conceptualized and promoted by the current Chairman of PKSF, Dr. Qazi Kholiquzzaman Ahmad, who was appointed to the position in November 2009. In essence, the ENRICH programme is innovative, integrated, human-centred, taking into consideration the multidimensionality of human life and living, involving socio-economic and environmental dimensions. It focuses on human capability, both individual and collective and social capital formation to facilitate the way forward, the ultimate goal being humanly dignified living of all those who are deprived of this fundamental call of humanity.

This volume focuses on the development of field systems through time and space and in their wider landscape context, including classical issues pertaining to past land use and management regimes, including manuring, water, land and crop management, and technologies such as slash¿and¿burn cultivation, and use of the ard and plough. This book provides the first comprehensive attempt to bring together and provide a comprehensive insight into the latest prehistoric fieldscape research across Europe. The book raises a broader awareness of some of the main questions and scientific requests that are addressed by scholars working in various fieldscapes across Europe. Themes addressed in this book include (a) mapping and understanding field system morphologies at various scales, (b) the extraction of information on social processes from field system morphologies, (c) the relations between field systems and cultural and natural features of their environment, (d) time-depths and temporalities of usage, and (e) specifics of the underlying agricultural systems, with special attention to matters of continuity and resilience and relation to changing practices. The case-studies explore how to best approach such landscapes with traditional and novel methodologies and targeted research in order to enhance our knowledge further. The volume offers inspiration and guidance for the heritage management of fieldscape heritage ¿ not solely for future scholarly research but foremost to stimulate strategic guidance to frame and support improved protection of evidently vulnerable resources for Europe¿s future. This volume is of interest to landscape archaeologists.

This book is about the way artists generate an endless chain of substitute objects for something they can never quite find. It explores the work involved in art with a focus upon finding, gathering, and assembling charged and auratic objects on the wall beside the work. The author employs the term Das Gegenwerk or the work towards the work. This concept avoids definitive closure and expands the notion of drafting and related practices to include qualitative research methods. The multi-mode transitional practices of Das Gegenwerk are devoid of any demand for a preconceived goal but instead hinge upon the provisional and indeterminate. As such, it is a far cry from the binary logic of the computer and the design cycle but is of interest to an audience engaged with both. Das Gegenwerk hinges on our capacity to respond to the outside rather than the inwardness often attributed to creative agency. A fundamental belief of the book is that by investigating and adapting the practices of expert practitioners, we can gain an understanding of high-level creativity. It is neither a recipe nor a linear or cyclic approach. Rather, artistic creation is an interweave of transitional multi-mode practices where the overriding emphasis is on the handling or habituation of transitional materials in physical place. The author addresses the urgent need to provide a balance between the promise of new technology and our capacity to both respond to and work with what the world bestows.

This book is based on the author¿s 33 years of intensive fieldwork. It chronicles a major movement that shaped the preservation policy in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s, providing ¿thick descriptions¿ of preservationists that are not available anywhere else in English. It also provides clear answers to a series of pressing questions about preservationists: are they building-huggers, are they selfish and myopic home-owners, or are they merely obstacles to urban planning and urban renewal? Since 1984, Saburo Horikawa, Professor of Sociology at Hosei University in Tokyo, has continuously studied the movement to preserve the Otaru Canal in Otaru, Japan. This book shows that the preservation movement was neither conservative nor an obstacle. Rather, the movement sought to promote changes in which the residents¿ ¿place¿ would continue to be theirs. As such, the word ¿preservation¿ does not mean the prevention of growth and development, but rather its control. As is shown in this study, preservation allows for and can even promote change. The original Japanese version of this book (published by the University of Tokyo Press) has won 3 major academic awards; most notably, ¿The Ishikawa Prize¿, the highest award bestowed by the City Planning Institute of Japan. It is extremely unusual that a sociology book should receive such important recognition from the city planning discipline.

This interdisciplinary book provides a cross-sectoral and multi-dimensional exploration and assessment of the urban geography perspectives in Zimbabwe. Drawing on work from different disciplines, the book not only contributes to academia but also seeks to inform urban policy with the view of contributing to the national aspirations of Zimbabwe attaining middle-income status by 2030. Adopting a multi-dimensional assessment that transcends disciplines such as urban and regional planning, human and physical geography, urban governance, political science, economics and development studies, the book provides a background for co-production concerning urban development in the Global South.The book contributes into its analysis of the institutional and legislative framework that relates to the urban geography of Zimbabwe, as these are responsible for the evolution of the urban system in the country. The connections among different sectors and issues such as environment, economy, politics and the wider objectives of the SDGs, especially goal 11 aspiring to create sustainable communities by 2030, are explored. The success stories relating to urban geography in Zimbabwe are identified together with the best possible practices that may inform urban planning, policy and management.

This book provides a hands-on, application-oriented guide to the entire IEEE standard 1800 SystemVerilog language. Readers will benefit from the step-by-step approach to learning the language and methodology nuances, which will enable them to design and verify complex ASIC/SoC and CPU chips. The author covers the entire spectrum of the language, including random constraints, SystemVerilog Assertions, Functional Coverage, Class, checkers, interfaces, and Data Types, among other features of the language. Written by an experienced, professional end-user of ASIC/SoC/CPU and FPGA designs, this book explains each concept with easy to understand examples, simulation logs and applications derived from real projects. Readers will be empowered to tackle the complex task of multi-million gate ASIC designs.Provides comprehensive coverage of the entire IEEE standard SystemVerilog language;Covers important topics such as constrained random verification, SystemVerilog Class, Assertions, Functional coverage, data types, checkers, interfaces, processes and procedures, among other language features;Uses easy to understand examples and simulation logs; examples are simulatable and will be provided online;Written by an experienced, professional end-user of ASIC/SoC/CPU and FPGA designs.This is quite a comprehensive work. It must have taken a long time to write it. I really like that the author has taken apart each of the SystemVerilog constructs and talks about them in great detail, including example code and simulation logs. For example, there is a chapter dedicated to arrays, and another dedicated to queues - that is great to have! The Language Reference Manual (LRM) is quite dense and difficult to use as a text for learning the language. This book explains semantics at a level of detail that is not possible in an LRM. This is the strength of the book. This will be an excellent book for novice users and as a handy reference for experienced programmers.Mark GlasserCerebras Systems

This book discusses recent technologies and case studies that aim to enhance positioning obtained with commercial smartphones in urban environments, overcoming difficulties with GPS. The authors provide insight into recent trends and innovation on technologies, solutions and approaches to overcome GPS issues in urban environments, due to the existence of a big number of buildings. Topics include security and legal aspects related to positioning systems, the usage of crowdsourcing approaches to enhance positioning, location-based services, proximity based-social networking, satellite navigation and Bluetooth low-energy based systems. The book provides important information for developers that intend to make use of precise positioning for the purpose of commercial applications as well as for research and innovation.Discusses technologies that enhance positioning obtained with commercial smartphones in urban environments;Presents innovations to overcome GPS issues in urban environments caused by dense cities;Includes applications of precise positioning, including their security issues and challenges.

This book provides an appealing and informative overview of the outstanding landforms and landscapes of Scotland. Scotland is internationally renowned for the diversity of its geology, landforms and landscapes. The rock record spans most of geological time, from the Archaean to the Palaeogene, and represents the outcome of tectonic plate movements, associated geological processes, and sea-level and climate changes. Scotland incorporates primeval gneiss landscapes, the deeply eroded roots of the Caledonian mountain chain, landscapes of extensional tectonics and rifting, and eroded remnants of volcanic complexes that were active when the North Atlantic Ocean opened during the Palaeogene. The present relief reflects uplift and deep weathering during the Cenozoic, strongly modified during successive episodes of Pleistocene glaciation. This striking geodiversity is captured in this book through 29 chapters devoted to the evolution of Scotland¿s sceneryand locations of outstanding geomorphological significance, including ancient palaeosurfaces, landscapes of glacial erosion and deposition, evidence of postglacial landscape modification by landslides, rivers and wind, and coastal geomorphology. Dedicated chapters focus on Ice Age Scotland and the associated landscapes, which range from alpine-type mountains and areas of selective glacial erosion to ice-moulded and drift-covered lowlands, and incorporate accounts of internationally renowned sites such as the ¿Parallel Roads¿ of Glen Roy, the Cairngorm Mountains and the inselbergs of Assynt. Other chapters consider the record of postglacial rock-slope failures, such as the famous landslides of Trotternish on Skye, and the record of fluvial changes since deglaciation. The sea-level history of Scotland is addressed in terms of its raised and submerged shorelines, while several chapters discuss the contrasting coastal landscapes, which range from the spectacular sea cliffs of Shetland andOrkney to the beaches and dunes of eastern Scotland. The role of geoconservation in preserving Scotland¿s outstanding geomorphological heritage is outlined in the final chapter. The book offers an up-to-date and richly illustrated reference guide for geomorphologists, other Earth scientists, geographers, conservationists, and all those interested in geology, physical geography, geomorphology, geotourism, geoheritage and environmental protection.

This edited open access book presents the comprehensive outcome of The European DataBio Project, which examined new data-driven methods to shape a bioeconomy. These methods are used to develop new and sustainable ways to use forest, farm and fishery resources. As a European initiative, the goal is to use these new findings to support decision-makers and producers ¿ meaning farmers, land and forest owners and fishermen.With their 27 pilot projects from 17 countries, the authors examine important sectors and highlight examples where modern data-driven methods were used to increase sustainability. How can farmers, foresters or fishermen use these insights in their daily lives? The authors answer this and other questions for our readers. The first four parts of this book give an overview of the big data technologies relevant for optimal raw material gathering. The next three parts put these technologies into perspective, by showing useable applications from farming, forestry andfishery. The final part of this book gives a summary and a view on the future.With its broad outlook and variety of topics, this book is an enrichment for students and scientists in bioeconomy, biodiversity and renewable resources.

This book presents the proceedings of four conferences: The 16th International Conference on Frontiers in Education: Computer Science and Computer Engineering + STEM (FECS'20), The 16th International Conference on Foundations of Computer Science (FCS'20), The 18th International Conference on Software Engineering Research and Practice (SERP'20), and The 19th International Conference on e-Learning, e-Business, Enterprise Information Systems, & e-Government (EEE'20). The conferences took place in Las Vegas, NV, USA, July 27-30, 2020 as part of the larger 2020 World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, & Applied Computing (CSCE'20), which features 20 major tracks. Authors include academics, researchers, professionals, and students. This book contains an open access chapter entitled, "Advances in Software Engineering, Education, and e-Learning".Presents the proceedings of four conferences as part of the 2020 World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, & Applied Computing (CSCE'20);Includes the tracks Computer Engineering + STEM, Foundations of Computer Science, Software Engineering Research, and e-Learning, e-Business, Enterprise Information Systems, & e-Government;Features papers from FECS'20, FCS'20, SERP'20, EEE'20, including one open access chapter.

This book guides the reader through the design of circuits and wireless IoT devices deployed in applications demanding low power, small size, and high levels of integration. The design of a sub-1V wireless-LAN receiver is detailed along with associated calibration algorithms. Some of the key circuits detailed include a successive approximation analog-to-digital converter, a rail-to-rail comparator, a digitally programmable CMOS low-noise amplifier, an RF voltage to current converter, and a fifth-order Chebyshev analog programmable filter. Helpful appendices are included teaching operational amplifier design, CMOS and SiGe low-noise amplifier design, impedance matching, noise and distortion analysis. While theory and design equations are presented throughout the book for the various circuit designs, practical implementation and design tradeoffs are emphasized so the reader can immediately apply knowledge gained. Receiver and calibration circuits are designed in a standard CMOS technology using a 900mV power supply.Provides readers with analytical tools and practical help, conveyed in a clear and concise manner, which will assist not only in understanding the material, but also in practical and functional implementation of the concepts demonstrated;Focuses on long range and broad-band IoT applications with a wireless-LAN focus, emphasizing detailed design techniques, helping readers transition from theoretical understanding to practical application;Bridges the gap between system level understanding and practical design implementation, providing readers with tools and techniques which can be applied immediately to their designs;Serves as a handy technical resource for practical design techniques, as well as a quick reference guide for design equations and examples pertinent to realistic applications.