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This book is a work that focuses on the forest environmental tax. Forest resources have played a major role in preventing global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide and supplying oxygen. However, global economic growth has adversely affected the global environment and has exacerbated global warming due to excessive consumption of forest resources. The functions or ¿services¿ of forests are diverse, but the interest of the citizenry in forest cultivation is scarce since forests are public goods. Concurrently, Japanese forestry, which has played an important role in forest conservation, is steadily declining, and it is no longer possible for private forest operators to maintain the forest environment. Therefore, in order to realize sustainable economic growth, it is necessary to formulate policies for the conservation of appropriate forest environments. Forest conservation is an especially important policy issue for Japan, where two-thirds of the country is forested. In Japan, a forest environmental tax is being introduced as a forest conservation policy. As of 2021, the forest environmental tax has already been introduced in about two-thirds of the prefectures and soon will be introduced as a national tax. In this book, the significance and issues of the forest environmental tax will be sorted out, and the status of the introduction of the forest environmental tax in Japan will be compared with that of other countries. In addition, there is additional material regarding the water source conservation fund in Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture, a system similar to the forest environmental tax.
This book examines translanguaging pedagogy in Asiäs English-medium instruction (EMI) higher education. It presents an overview of concepts and common issues, and case studies from specific contexts in Asia. The book first interrogates macro-level English-medium instruction policies and implementation from English as a lingua franca (ELF) perspectives. Following this, implications of English as a lingua franca on English-medium instruction pedagogy will be explored, with a theoretical framework of 'translanguaging pedagogy' developed. The book concludes with a discussion on translanguaging and how the concept contributes to English-medium instruction in Asia. Through the book, the content focuses on the specificity of each Asian English-medium instruction context from a translanguaging lens. English-medium instruction policies and translingual practices from China, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam are explored, and opportunities and challenges related to translanguaging pedagogy in Asian English-medium instruction classrooms are examined.
This book reviews China's industrialization from the perspective of inclusiveness, and discusses the challenges arising from its industrialization process and how the Chinese people view and seek to overcome these challenges.
This book describes how the latest genomic resources techniques can be efficiently used in plant breeding programmes to achieve food security in the future. It also shares insights on how to utilize the untapped and unexplored genetic diversity of wild species, wild relatives and landraces for crop improvement.Moreover, the book offers an impressive array of balanced analyses, fresh ideas and perspectives, and thoughtful and realistic proposals regarding the sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources with modern biotechnological techniques. The first book to address the importance of plant genetics and genomic resources for food security, it brings together a group of plant breeders and biotechnologists to investigate the use of genomic resources techniques in plant breeding programmes. Providing essential information on the efficient utilization of genomic resources in precision breeding, it offers a valuable asset for undergraduate and graduate students, teachers and professionals engaged in related fields.
This Open Access book presents practical approaches to managing patients affected by various rheumatological diseases, allowing readers to gain a better understanding of the various clinical expressions and problems experienced by these patients. Discussing rheumatology from an organ systems perspective, it highlights the importance ofdetailed musculoskeletal examinations when treating patients affected by rheumatological diseases. The book first explores the latest diagnostic approaches and offers key tips for accurate musculoskeletal examinations before addressing the various treatment modalities, with a particular focus on the most common joints involved in rheumatoid arthritis: the wrists and the metacarpophalangeal joints (2nd and 3rd). Featuring easy-to-understand flow diagrams and explaining the common medical problems associated with rheumatic disease, such as shortness of breath and anemia, it is not only a valuable resource to rheumatologists, but will also appeal to medical students, junior residents, and primary healthcare physicians.
This book offers readers a comprehensive introduction to the techniques and application of 3D printing in cardiovascular medicine. To do so, it addresses the history, concepts, and methods of 3D printing, choice of printing materials for clinical purposes, personalized planning of cardiac surgery and transcatheter interventions with patient-specific models, enhancement of patient-physician communication, simulation of endovascular procedures, and advances in 3D bio-printing. The book particularly focuses on the application of 3D printing to improve the efficacy and safety of cardiac interventions, and to promote the realization of precision medical care. The book gathers contributions by an international team of experts in the field of cardiovascular medicine, who combine the latest findings with their own practical experience in using 3D printing to support the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. They present in-depth discussions in the fields of congenital heart disease, valvular disease, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, left atrial appendage occlusion, cardiac tumors and vascular diseases.
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