Books published by Springer

Frama-C is a popular open-source toolset for analysis and verification of C programs, largely used for teaching, experimental research, and industrial applications.With the growing complexity and ubiquity of modern software, there is increasing interest in code analysis tools at various levels of formalization to ensure safety and security of software products. Acknowledging the fact that no single technique will ever be able to fit all software verification needs, the Frama-C platform features a wide set of plug-ins that can be used or combined for solving specific verification tasks. This guidebook presents a large panorama of basic usages, research results, and concrete applications of Frama-C since the very first open-source release of the platform in 2008. It covers the ACSL specification language, core verification plug-ins, advanced analyses and their combinations, key ingredients for developing new plug-ins, as well as successful industrial case studies in which Frama-C has helped engineers verify crucial safety or security properties. Topics and features: * Gentle, example-based introduction to software specification and verification * Wide panorama of state-of-the-art specification and analysis techniques * Step-by-step guide to develop your own, tailor-made analysis on top of the platform* Inspiring success stories of Frama-C deployment on industrial code* More than 15 years of R&D on analysis and verification of C codeThis book is firmly rooted on the practice of software analysis, with numerous examples, exercises and application guidelines. As such, it is particularly well suited for software verification practitioners wishing to deploy verification on their code, as well as for undergraduate students with little or no experience in code analysis techniques. More advanced sections on the theoretical underpinnings of the analyzers will be of interest for graduate students and researchers.Nikolai Kosmatov is a Senior Researcher at Thales Research & Technology, France. Virgile Prevosto is a Senior Researcher and Julien Signoles is a Research Director, both at Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, France.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th Latin American Symposium on Theoretical Informatics, LATIN 2042, which took place in Puerto Varas, Chile, in March 2024. The 44 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 93 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Algorithms and Data Structures; Approximation and Online Algorithms; Complexity Theory; Part II: Combinatorics and Graph Theory; Parameterized Algorithms; Automata Theory and Formal Languages; and Game Theory and Fairness.

This book discusses the recent advancements in chemical engineering and their role in achieving the United Nations' 2030 Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Addressing these goals involves tackling intricate and interdisciplinary challenges.Chemical engineers have been diligently addressing a diverse array of issues across academia, society, and industry, with the aim of positively impacting these goals.The book offers essential insights and detailed analyses for each SDG. It explores the challenges encountered within various applications and proposes solutions based on foundational engineering principles. The book's content is tailored to professionals, students, and researchers across diverse fields, including engineering, environmental science, and biotechnology.

This book presents the adaptation of cause-effect structures to the formal description of phenomena such as the behaviour of living objects, the mutual communication of living cells, but also such as the growth of crystals and other natural processes. The system of cause-effect structures has been designed for the description and analysis of objects with dispersed components, acting concurrently and synchronizing and communicating one another. This adaptation consists in customizing generic semantics of cause-effect structures to semantics specific to the behaviour of natural objects. That is creating evolution rules for the formal models of these objects. However, the structural, algebraic properties of cause-effect structures are retained. The activity of cellular cause-effect structures is supposed to imitate the activity of cellular automata, the formal system intended for the above-mentioned aims. But operations on syntactic constructions, in particular their transformations and simplification, are the same as for the general cause-effect structures. These algebraic operations are also used to perform certain geometric/topological conversions of location bases for the cellular cause-effect structures, like flat surfaces into cylindrical or toroidal. This is depicted by numerous illustrations. An adaptation of cause-effect structures to other formal descriptions of some natural phenomena, such as reaction systems, is provided in book 331 of the "Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems" series, whereas the complete description of cause-effect structures, in book 45.

This book provides a precise portrayal of the current trends and future perspectives of e-Government. It outlines new approaches that optimize public services across diverse sectors. Going beyond traditional boundaries, it offers mathematical models for public services supported by convincing case studies. This book significantly enhances various government services, such as education, healthcare, safety, security, and culture. It also strongly emphasizes safeguarding citizens' personal data, ensuring privacy, and obtaining explicit consent. Tailored for students and academics, the book is an invaluable reference for teaching graduate courses in e-Government, Process Modelling, or Artificial Intelligence. Its impact extends beyond the classroom; civil servants from all domains can find practical insights to navigate the ongoing modernization of public services. Even citizens curious about the transformation in their public services can find this book enlightening. Researchers working in the area of e-Governance can use this book to discover the recent developments in e-Government.

Trends and Technological Challenges in Green Energy: Selected Papers from ICGET 2023 offers readers selected and expanded papers from the 2023 8th International Conference on Green Energy Technologies held at the University of the Applied Sciences in Hamburg, Germany. It features innovative work by academics, researchers, and industry experts highlighting the latest renewable energy developments. The book covers fundamental and practical applications for green energy resources, including security, energy consumption, localization, energy access, environment-friendly energy systems, sustainable energy development, energy-saving technologies, and conservation. It is a valuable interdisciplinary reference for young researchers, postgraduate students, professionals, and industry practitioners working with green energy technology and applications.

The scope of this book is to present the papers included at the 21st UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI 2022), hosted by The University of Sheffield, between 7 and 9 September 2022, Sheffield, UK. This marks the first fully in-person UKCI conference, following the pandemic, a testament to the success and resilience of the UKCI community, as well as to the importance of computational intelligence (CI) research. The papers in this book are divided into five sections: fuzzy logic systems, machine learning, hybrid methods and network systems, deep learning and neural networks, and optimization and search.

The main target of this book is to present a new concept of Ulam-type stability, i.e., multi-stability, through the classical, well-known special functions and to obtain the best approximation error estimates by a different concept of perturbation stability including fuzzy approaches for uncertainty considerations. This stability allows us to obtain diverse approximations depending on various special functions that are initially chosen and to evaluate maximal stability and minimal error which enable us to obtain a unique optimal solution of functional equations, inequalities, and fractional equations. Stability analysis in the sense of the Ulam and its different kinds has received considerable attention from the researchers. However, how to effectively generalize the Ulam stability problems and to evaluate optimized controllability and stability are new issues. The multi-stability not only covers the previous concepts but also considers the optimization of the problem and provides a comprehensive discussion of optimizing the different types of the Ulam stabilities of mathematical models used in the natural sciences and engineering disciplines with fuzzy attitudes. Besides, this book also deals with nonlinear differential equations with various boundary conditions or initial value problems, based on the matrix Mittag-Leffler function, fixed point theory, as well as Babenko's approach to study uniqueness and existence of solutions. In general, the benefits for the readers can be concluded as follows: 1. Evaluates maximal stability with minimal error to get a unique optimal solution. 2. Discusses an optimal method of the alternative to study existence, uniqueness, and different types of Ulam stabilities under special consideration of the fuzzy approaches. 3. Delves into the new study of boundary value problems of fractional integro-differential equations with integral boundary conditions and variable coefficients

Trusted execution environments (TEEs) protect sensitive code and data on computing platforms, even when the primary operating system is compromised. Once a technical curiosity, TEEs have rapidly become a key component in securing numerous systems from cloud servers to constrained devices. Today, TEEs have been deployed on billions of devices for protecting financial payments, personal files, copyrighted media content, and many others. Despite this, TEEs remain poorly understood due to their complexity and diversity. This book addresses this gap, providing a comprehensive treatment of different TEE technologies, their features, benefits, and shortcomings.A holistic view of secure and trusted execution is taken, examining smart cards and CPU protection rings before discussing modern TEEs, such as Intel SGX and ARM TrustZone. A wide range of paradigms for building secure and trusted execution environments are explored, from dedicated security chips to system-on-chip extensions and virtualisation technologies. The relevant industry standards and specifications are covered in detail, including how TEEs are evaluated and certified in practice with respect to security. Several case studies are presented showing how TEEs are used in some common security mechanisms, such as secure boot sequences, biometric authentication, and file-based encryption. This book also discusses present challenges in the field, covering potential attack vectors against TEEs and concerns relating to fragmentation, interoperability, and transparency. Lastly, a selection of future directions are examined that may be used by the trusted execution environments of tomorrow.This book is particularly targeted at practitioners and researchers in cyber security, such as penetration testers, security engineers, and security analysts. Additionally, this book serves as a valuable resource for university students, both postgraduate and advanced undergraduates, and professors in computer science and electrical engineering.

The book showcases how the technologies are transforming entertainment, education, and professional training, offering readers real-world examples of their applications. "Innovative Technologies for Enhancing Experiences and Engagement" is an enlightening guide that reveals how emerging technologies are shaping our world, offering insights into the evolving digital landscape and inspiring a future of more personalized, immersive, and engaging experiences.

This book includes presentations given at the 88th annual meeting of the Psychometric Society, held in Maryland, USA on July 24¿28, 2023.The proceeding covers a diverse set of psychometric topics. The topics include, but are not limited to item response theory, cognitive diagnostic models, Bayesian estimation, validity and reliability issues, and several applications within different fields. The authors are from all over the world, they work in different psychometrics areas, as well as having diverse professional and academic experiences.

This book is a comprehensive guide to the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Financial Technology (FinTech) industry. It is comprised of ten chapters, each addressing a specific aspect of AI in FinTech. The reader is introduced to AI in FinTech, including its history and current state and the role of chatbots in FinTech and how they are used to improve customer service. Furthermore, the book explores the business framework of AI-based ChatGPT in FinTech, including the technology behind ChatGPT and how it can be applied to various financial sectors. The book examines the use of predictive analytics and machine learning in FinTech, highlighting how these tools are used to predict customer behavior and improve decision-making. The author delves into how ChatGPT is used to determine buying behavior and discusses the use of machine learning to reshape the digital experience in FinTech. Additionally, the book provides best practices for retaining customers in FinTech, including how to use AI to create personalized experiences that keep customers coming back, and explores the different applications of predictive models in FinTech, including how they are used to improve risk management and fraud detection. Lastly, the book discusses the use of ChatGPT for stock price prediction and the detection of financial fraud and examines the role of ChatGPT in the world of cryptocurrency, including how it can be used to make informed investment decisions. Overall, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the different ways AI is being used in FinTech and the potential it holds for improving customer experiences and driving innovation in the financial industry.

Humanism in business is not only an alternative to economism but a way to human excellence. Humanism presented here revolves around the rich notion of ¿human person¿, keystone of modern personalist philosophy and Catholic Social Teaching. From this perspective this book is offered to everyone, believer and nonbeliever alike. The person-centered humanism considers the human-wholeness, individual and relational, with subjectivity, self-determination, openness to transcendence, and with capacity not only to possess but also to give. It also highlights the uniqueness of each person, endowed with a high constitutive dignity and in continuous process of flourishing toward human plenitude. An attitude of respect and good will is due to non-personal beings, while persons deserve to be treated with justice and even with love of benevolence. The book is prepared in dialogue with mainstream of thought in business and business ethics and focused on exploring ways to improve some conventional views. It includes some proposals such as a person-based ethics, ethics understood as intrinsic to business activity, the consideration of the company as an organized community of persons, and the purpose of the company oriented toward the common good through a double mission, internal and external. It is also suggested substituting the notion of ¿stakeholder¿ for the richer one of ¿relationholder.¿

This 3rd edition revised and extended compendium contains and explains essential mathematical formulas within an economic context. Newly added content introduces the mathematical practical application of optimization by using the Lagrange function, presenting the issue of linear optimization cases where the relative extremes (minima or maxima) of a linear (target) function can be determined under restrictive linear constraint and its relevance for business management practice. A broad range of aids and supportive examples will help readers to understand the formulas and their practical applications. This mathematical formulary is presented in a practice-oriented, clear, and understandable manner, as it is needed for meaningful and relevant application in global business, as well as in the academic setting and economic practice. The topics presented include but are not limited to mathematical signs and symbols, logic, arithmetic, algebra, linear algebra, combinatorics, and financial mathematics, including an international comparison between different national methods used in the calculation of interest, optimization of linear models, functions, differential calculus, integral calculus, elasticities, annuity calculation, economic functions, and the Peren Theorem.Given its scope, the book offers an indispensable reference guide and is a must-read for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as managers, scholars, and lecturers in business, politics, and economics.

The aesthetics of law deals with the relationship between law and beauty by searching for aesthetic values in the law itself (an internal perspective), by finding material related to law in art and culture (an external perspective), and, lastly, by demonstrating the impact of legal norms on what can be broadly understood as beauty (law as a tool of aestheticization). Regarding all these phenomena, the aesthetics of law ultimately allows us to see the law more clearly and more profoundly. What is more, the law does not function, nor has it ever functioned, separately from its means of expression, which are incontrovertibly subject to aesthetic interpretation. If we think about law in this way, perceiving not only the message, but also the manner in which it is conveyed, the whole set of means and tools used, the perfection and beauty of the form, then we will see art in it. After all, the widely known and still applicable ancient maxim ius est ars boni et aequi equates law and art. This alone should be an argument for aesthetic reflection on the law, a field of endeavour that should never have been abandoned. The book's twenty-three chapters, written by scholars from various countries and three continents, are thematically diverse. In them we present the manifestations of the aesthetics of law from an external perspective. If we accept a definition of the concept of law that is as broad as possible, not only as a synonym of a certain formalized normative system, but also including the process of its creation (legislation), its application and interpretation (jurisprudence), and even teaching on and research into it (doctrine), we can identify a wealth of aesthetic references in the law. A broadly understood aesthetics of law, approached solely from an external perspective, covers such disciplines as law and literature, the aesthetics of legal rhetoric, the trial as performance, the aesthetics ofcourthouse architecture, law in the fine arts, law in film, law and music, pictorial law, symbols of the law and legal symbols, symbols of the state and power, legal archaeology etc. The field of research is, therefore, wide. In addition to topics traditionally and obviously associated with the aesthetics of law, such as law and literature, law in the fine arts, and court rhetoric, there are chapters on e.g. legal ethics and trademarks. All authors share the belief that beauty in law is important, even when it is hidden in a caricature. Further, they argue for restoring the aesthetics of law to its proper place in philosophical and legal discourse, as doing so would yield a host of benefits for the addressees of law.

Solid waste landfilling and related environmental issues have become global concerns, particularly in developing countries. Accelerating population growth and changing lifestyles have exacerbated health and environmental challenges. This book looks at the global ramifications of leachate characterization and environmental impacts, highlighting the different issues related to landfilling, such as leachate generation and its constituents. When water enters a landfill, it assimilates the dissolved components of the decomposing waste, thus forming a leachate with considerable impacts on the environment. The nature of the landfill and the waste received (household waste alone or mixed with industrial waste) determine whether the leachate produced is hazardous or not. The decomposition of solid waste in landfills goes through several stages, including an initial aerobic phase, an anaerobic acid phase, an initial methanogenic phase and a stable methanogenic phase. Leachates can contain significant concentrations of heavy metals, inorganic salts, ammonia, halogenated hydrocarbons, suspended matter, organic pollutants in significant quantities... Generally, leachate discharges are rich in phenol, highly toxic polluting ammonium. Ecotoxicological assessment of this effluent is essential to determine the impact of its contaminants on the aquatic ecosystem. If pollutants are not disposed of properly, leachate from landfills can potentially enter soils and subsoils, severely contaminating surface and groundwater bodies. Therefore, reducing pollutant levels through leachate treatment has garnered considerable attention in recent decades. This publication is an invaluable resource, providing up-to-date information on the impact and characterization of leachate landfills. It is therefore time to accentuate the training of executives with all the skills to facilitate the waste management through the research efforts of academics, in the field of solid wastelandfill operations.

This book provides graduate students and scientists with fundamental knowledge on the mechanics of granular suspensions as well as on the mathematical and numerical techniques that can be adopted to investigate geophysical flows. To this end, three formidably complex problems (sediment transport, flow-like landslide inception, and gravity currents) are considered. The reader will find a thorough combination of elements of fluid and solid mechanics, rheology, geotechnics, geomorphology, civil, and coastal engineering. The first part of the book introduces the problem of granular suspensions from the mathematical viewpoint, focusing on issues that characterise geophysical flows such as turbulence, the effects of inter-particle contacts, and strong velocity gradients. In the second part, different models that were successfully used to investigate the mechanics of granular suspensions in environmental flows are presented.

This book explores sustainable wealth management and the challenges that arise for asset managers in times of ecological crises and climate change. It deals with portfolio engineering, combining risk and impact, transitioning from environmental, social, and governance (ESG) concepts to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) concepts and the different role of the intermediaries and players in the financial markets. It provides researchers, scholars, academics and policy makers an interdisciplinary approach to redirecting capital towards sustainability.

This book analyses dominant discourses of globalisation, and citizenship in schools. Diverse worldviews and ideologies construct different meanings for globalization, citizenship, and education, resulting in conceptual debates, tensions, competing discourses, and practical challenges for scholars and educators, navigating complex and contested terrain. The chapters in this volume advance further the discussions on the phenomenon of globalisation, and how it impacts on the nature of active citizenship education in schools around the world. In order to help students recognize that they are inherently global citizens, capable of understanding that local actions are globally interdependent, and that communities can be seen as temporal social networks within and beyond physical space, and action for global citizenship in school. The book, by building on intercultural dialogue and active citizenship education in schools, will promote critical appraisal of various views of the world, andoffers different ways to reconstruct and re-imagine social reality.

The concept of ¿vital amines¿ as essential nutrients was introduced over a century ago by Dr Casimir Funk. It was suggested that there is a family of organic substances that are required in minute amounts and essential for life. The increase in incorporation of vitamins and supplementation in routine dietary practices is expected to increase. In fact, it has been estimated that 60% of worldwide consumers are taking vitamin supplements on a daily basis, a trend that will most likely rise across the world.This book brings together international experts in the field of vitamins for human health and disease, to update and integrate current understanding on the effects of different lipophilic vitamins on cellular, metabolic and molecular biochemical reactions with respect to different pathophysiological conditions including cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic defects, inflammatory and immune diseases. This book is uniquely positioned as it focuses on the biochemistry and molecular biology of lipophilic vitamins in diverse cell systems in relation to human health and disease.The book will certainly stimulate and motivate biomedical researchers and scientists to further explore the relationship between lipophilic vitamins and biological processes, as well as serve as a highly useful resource for nutritional investigators, health professionals, medical students, fellows, residents and graduate students. We hope that the reader will gain knowledge and further understanding of the importance of lipophilic vitamins. The novel insights provided by the contributing authors will assist in advancing preventive medicine worldwide as well as bring forward knowledge that may help in the use of lipophilic vitamins as adjuvant to therapeutic strategies for human disease.

This book constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Applied Machine Learning and Data Analytics, AMLDA 2023, held in Lübeck, Germany, during November 9-10, 2023.The 17 full papers and 2 short papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. The main conference AMLDA 2023 is renowned for presenting cutting-edge research on all aspects of machine learning as well as important application areas such as healthcare and medical imaging informatics, biometrics, forensics, precision agriculture, risk management, robotics, and satellite imaging.

More than 100 years ago, Dr Casimir Funk suggested the existence of a family of organic substances that are essential for life and thus introduced the concept of "vital amines" as essential nutrients with a specific action, requiring only minute amount with the power to cure a specific disease. Vitamins essential for human health are grouped according to whether they are soluble in water (hydrophilic) or in non-polar solvents (lipophilic). The hydrophilic vitamins are vitamin C and a series known as the vitamin B complex. Vitamin C is a reducing agent, whereas the vitamin B series are components of coenzymes. For example, riboflavin (vitamin B2) is a precursor of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and pantothenate (vitamin B5) is a component of coenzyme A. Indeed, several coenzymes contain a vitamin as part of their structure; this relation is undoubtedly responsible for creating an "essential" role for the vitamin. Since vitamins are involved in a wide range of biological processes and cell function, these are considered as essential nutrients. The essential nature of vitamins as well as their unique biochemistry, molecular mechanisms and cellular function in health and disease are emphasized in this book which will serve as a highly useful resource for health professionals, nutritional scientists, medical students, fellows, residents, and graduate students.

This book is not simply about electronics but rather a thorough exploration of physics. Instead of isolating electronics as an art, its primary goal is to explain the physical principles behind electronic circuits and how they are applied practically. Electronics provides a framework for understanding physics, and vice versa.It is intended for advanced undergraduate or graduate students in physics or related fields who have a basic grasp of electromagnetism and calculus. It also caters to individuals with practical electronics knowledge looking to deepen their understanding of often overlooked concepts.While traditional textbooks treat electronics as a set of techniques, the growing availability of affordable acquisition boards and user-friendly software has diminished the need for expertise in circuit design. Nonetheless, physicists still need to comprehend concepts like stability, impedance matching, noise, and the advantages and limitations of signal sampling.Starting with linear time-invariant systems and feedback, the book progresses to designing circuits using operational amplifiers and oscillators, covering stability and dissipation. It also delves into the Nyquist-Shannon theorem and the basics of digital electronics, emphasizing state-sensitive and clock-sensitive operators. Additionally, it offers an overview of electronic devices facilitating analog-to-digital conversion.The book concludes by examining scenarios involving high frequencies where wires act as waveguides and addressing noise sources from thermal agitation and the corpuscular nature of current. Theoretical concepts are reinforced with solved exercises, and practical "in-the-lab" sections guide readers through experiments using affordable kits and instruments, requiring minimal electronic prototyping knowledge.

Standard STEM courses, for all of their value, do not tend to include systematic lectures or treatment about the nature of the scientific method. This book aims to provide a wide reflection on the general principles of physics and explore the foundations of scientific knowledge as a whole. The author delves into the study of what lies at the basis of science in general, and physics in particular. Themes such as the relation between natural phenomena and mathematical language are addressed, highlighting the main hubs of conceptual development in science. The volume also examines the conceptual and practical instruments that have been progressively developed to investigate the nature of physics. Furthermore, the author discusses the importance of "scientific practice" within the scientific community, emphasizing its role in advancing knowledge and how it contributes to physics as a whole. Divided into three parts, each covering different aspects of physics and its foundations, the text, while assuming basic knowledge of physics and mathematics taught in university courses, is accessible to all STEM students, and will be useful for anyone looking to gain valuable insights into the nature of physics and the methods used to acquire knowledge in this field.

This book expands on evidence-based, person-centered dementia care practice by offering the therapeutic essentials of a novel grief-based therapy including trauma informed yoga practices, and Dementia Grief Therapy (DGT). This therapy transcends the dementia divide: us (non-diagnosed) and them (diagnosed). Using physical activity as a shared common space. It begins from the perspective of the person diagnosed with dementia or behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) In this way, the reader comes to understand a therapeutic practice that acknowledges, validates and invites a whole mind-body grief integration process. At present, the concept of "dementia grief" objectifies the person diagnosed by focusing on grief for the person (as experienced and observed by others), rather than compassionately acknowledging the grief of the person. Mindfully and methodically designed this book offers a therapy model to be delivered in community and residential settings, from general practitioners' offices to home health care to memory care centers to day senior centers. It utilizes a biopsychosocial perspective, with models of change spanning the micro- (individual therapy practices) to macro (government policy considerations). Additionally, it is culturally oriented with globalized considerations of variations in dementia-grief experiences. An invaluable resource, this volume is relevant to students, academics, researchers, practitioners and policy makers.

This book analyses the most recent socio-territorial trends that are developing in the Spanish metropolitan space. The first part focuses on the most recent metropolitan dynamics and demographic changes in Southern Europe. The second part discusses the most important processes in metropolitan areas: the problems of increasing social and residential vulnerability and the problems of diversity management. The third part analyses some concrete cases of the main changes and complexity in the spatial dynamics of metropolitan areas in Southern Europe. Finally, the fourth and last part provides an overview on the instruments and the resources put in place by some Southern European cities for the development of governance and citizen participation as an instrument of reaction to the social, economic and COVID crisis. By discussing the main changes and uncertainties derived from the social scenarios after the pandemic, the dynamics of social dualisation of the city, as well as the necessaryinstruments for its analysis and the main challenges in urban governance with special attention of Southern European context, this book provides an interesting read for spatial demographers, human geographers, social scientists and spatial planners.

This textbook clarifies synchronization issues in telecommunications in an easy-to-follow way, focusing less on theory and more on practical aspects. The book is intended for a wide range of readers interested in the basic synchronization concepts in their wide application for development, maintenance, and conformity assessment of telecommunications equipment and networks. The authors show how, though synchronization in telecommunications has experienced rapid development, the foundational theory and the basic definitions, mathematical tools, and well-developed "classical" technologies have remained. The authors have studied the ITU-T, ETSI, IEEE standards, and extracted practical topics of synchronization. The collection of numerous training problems, practical examples, and case studies help the readers not only to find the answers to their current questions but also to get a common view of synchronization's role in the modern telecommunications. The book is geared towards students of telecommunications but can also be useful for telecom engineers and for training/workshops for telecom engineers concerning synchronization topics.

This scholarly work discusses the historical, contemporary, and prospective dimensions of environmental activism and its intersection with global media. It provides a comprehensive view of the pivotal role played by the media in shaping awareness concerning environmental challenges and catalyzing actions to address them. Drawing upon the insights of an interdisciplinary cohort of scholars, the book systematically examines the diverse aspects of the nexus between media and environmental activism. Chapter contributions establish the foundational framework for comprehending how media as a whole lend support to activism; delineate the historical trajectory of environmental activism; the construction of narratives within the political, economic, and social domains of society; scrutinize the function of mass media within the context of globalization, digitization, and social media; and elucidate how governance structures influence the environmental activism process. By introducing readers to the basic narrative in environmental activism, globalization, and media, this book will be an important source of information for researchers, academicians and students engaged in various interdisciplinary studies linked to media, environment and activism.

This book tells the story of the 2020 presidential election campaign, exploring how Joe Biden secured the Democratic nomination and defeated Donald Trump in the general election. It argues that Democratic Party elites paved the way for Biden¿s victory, enabling him to overcome numerous campaign missteps to defeat one of the largest, wealthiest, most competitive fields in history. It details how elites discouraged potential rivals from entering the race, orchestrated rules to truncate the field, and steered voters toward Biden¿s candidacy both directly and indirectly. It shows how they helped the Biden campaign overcome early defeats in the first several contests and turn his campaign around. And it shows the critical role they played in mobilizing partisans to help Biden win the general election campaign and thwarting efforts to undermine his victory. Simply put, the book demonstrates that Biden would not have won the White House without maneuvering and manipulation by the Democratic establishment.