Books published by Springer

This book focuses on the individuals who invented specific forms of alternative medicine. Examples are Hahnemann (homeopathy), Still (osteopathy), Schulz (autogenic training). In total, about 40 such personalities are included in the book. They have all led unusual lives, and the book explores their journey towards their inventions. Certain characteristics seem to emerge: - They are all male! - Many originated from Europe- - Most of them are white - Many gave their name to the therapy - Many inventions are relatively recent - Many inventors are not doctors - Most inventors claim to havefound a panacea - Many adhere to vitalistic ideas - Almost all of the inventors are fully convinced of their invention - Inventions are often based on personal experience - The inventions tend to be implausible even by the standards of their timeThe book explores all these themes and, where appropriate, contrasts them with the corresponding situation in conventional medicine.

This book offers a fresh perspective on how science and religion are connected, and how prayer aligns with the laws of nature. It explores a holistic worldview where science and religion complement each other, shedding light on life, society, and philosophical and societal concerns. We are born into a world full of mysteries that we only partially understand. We don't know where we are coming from, we don't know why we live, and we don't know where we will go. We don't know how everything started; we even don't know what "everything" really is. We are living in an era of rapid change marked by disruptive technologies, like artificial intelligence and computers. Combined with a perception that the old wisdom transferred to us by religion is outdated, traditional values and institutions that had worth and power over many centuries are now losing their appeal. Science has made remarkable progress but can't answer life's most profound questions about our origins, purpose, and destination - why do we live and what should we do? In this book, the author begins with an overview of science, our understanding of the universe, highlighting gaps in our knowledge, like what started the Big Bang, followed by examples of successful scientific achievements and insights into the limits of science. In the subsequent chapters, the author examines topics such as mind over matter and the coexistence of evolution, creation, natural laws, and miracles. An attempt to answer the theodicy question is also provided in this book, where the author connects new scientific discoveries with ancient religious wisdom. The book concludes with a chapter devoted to innovation and a call for building a better world. This book is a compelling read for scholars, professionals, and curious laymen alike, ready to expand their horizons.

This LNCS conference volume constitutes the proceedings of the MICCAI Workshop GRAIL 2023 and MICCAI Challenge OCELOT 2023, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2023, Vancouver, BC, Canada, September 23, and October 4, 2023. The 9 full papers (GRAIL 2023) and 6 full papers (OCELOT 2023) included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from GRAIL 14 (GRAIL 2023) and 6 (OCELOT 2023) submissions. The conference GRAIL 2023 a wide set of methods and application and OCELOT 2023 focuses on the cover a wide range of methods utilizing tissue information for better cell detection, in the sense of training strategy, model architecture, and especially how to model cell-tissue relationships.

This books focuses on all main medical disorders that affect the sexual health of patients. From the medical disorder and its impact on sexuality and from the sexual symptom as signal of underlying disease, this book highlights the importance of the sexual interview as essential element of medical history. The aim is to increase the scientific knowledge in human sexuality and sexual health in order to optimize the identification of the pathophysiology of sexual dysfunction from disease and to increase the quality of life of patients, promoting the proactivity of doctors in the care of the sexual sphere. Many medical disorders have negative effects on the different dominions of sexual function (desire, arousal, orgasm, ejaculation, and pain). Chronic disease also affects subsidiarily sexual function in many ways, including fatigue, pain, dependency impairment of self-image and impacting relationships. On the other hand sexual symptoms may be a signal of serious underlying disease. This book will be of benefit to GPs, gynecologists, andrologists, sexual medicine professionals, and all healthcare providers interested in the topic.

This book contains selected papers from the 12th International Conference on Extreme Learning Machines 2022. Extreme learning machines (ELMs) continue to be an important complement to the many deep learning models you can find in the machine learning domain. ELM is fast and therefore suitable for many applications (not only in edge computing), and therefore there is a need to gather examples of possible applications. These proceedings, for the ELM 2022 conference, cover several application areas with relevant topics, where ELM can be used and has been used with great success. Here you will find several new areas (gaming, for instance) as well as improved concepts for existing application areas (signature forgery, for instance), where ELM has been implemented. In addition, some method improvements are also covered in this book, more specifically on the topic of 2nd-order Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs).

This volume is focused on the review of recent algorithmic and mathematical advances and the development of new research directions for Mathematical Model Approximations via RAMSES (Reduced order models, Approximation theory, Machine learning, Surrogates, Emulators, Simulators) in the setting of parametrized partial differential equations also with sparse and noisy data in high-dimensional parameter spaces. The book is a valuable resource for researchers, as well as masters and Ph.D students.

This book explores how transformative changes driven by the new-age economy can bring about improvements in a company's engineering and manufacturing capabilities. The new-age economy is driven by advanced engineering and manufacturing practices, processes, and technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing, Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), and Internet-enabled systems to automate industrial processes. Today's business dynamics are governed by uncertainties, disruptions, complexities, and ambiguities that demand quicker and more intelligent decisions. These changes could relate a renaissance in the company's engineering and manufacturing capabilities. To sustain these volatile and ever-changing business dynamics, Industry 4.0 and 5.0 have revolutionized how organizations operate and make intelligent business decisions. Moreover, the extensive role of business analytics has overcome the limitations ofclassical computing through new technologies and intelligent computing methodologies. Over the past few years, much emphasis has been given to investing in developing hardware and programming frameworks for achieving computational intelligence using fuzzy logic, evolutionary computation, neural networks, probabilistic methods, and learning theory. Within this frame of reference, the reliability, quality, and maintenance of complex industrial and manufacturing systems are essential for organizations to utilize them successfully for informed decisions. This book focuses on studies that provide new solutions for system reliability, quality, security, and maintainability using quantitative and qualitative research. It emphasizes developments and problems in systems engineering management, systems integration, software and hardware engineering, and the development process.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of deception in autonomous transport systems. This involves investigating the threats facing autonomous transport systems and how they can contribute towards a deceptive attack, followed by their potential impact if successful, and finally, how they can be mitigated. The work in this book is grouped into three parts. This first part focuses on the area of smart cities, policies, and ethics. This includes critically appraising the trade-off between functionality and security with connected and autonomous vehicles. The second discusses a range of AI applications in the wider field of smart transport and mobility, such as detecting anomalies in vehicle behaviour to investigating detecting disobedient vehicles. Finally, the third part presents and discusses cybersecurity-related aspects to consider when dealing with Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) and smart urban infrastructure. This includes analysing different attacks to investigating secure communication technologies. CAVs are a game-changing technology with the potential to transform the way transport is perceived, mobility is serviced, travel ecosystems 'behave', and cities and societies as a whole function. There are many foreseen safety, accessibility and sustainability benefits resulting from the adoption of CAVs because of their ability, in theory, to operate error-free and collaboratively, ranging from accident prevention, congestion reduction and decreased carbon emissions to time savings, increased social inclusion, optimised routing, and better traffic control. However, no matter what the expected benefits are, CAVs are at the same time susceptible to an unprecedented number of new digital and physical threats. The severity of these threats has resulted in an increased effort to deepen our understanding of CAVs when it comes to their safety and resilience. In this complex and multi-faceted scenario, this book aims to provide an extensive overview of the risks related to the malicious exploitation of CAVs and beyond, the potential ways in which vulnerabilities can be exploited, prevention and mitigation policies and techniques, and the impact that the non-acceptance of Connected and Autonomous Mobility can have on the Smart City agenda. This book targets researchers, practitioners, and advanced-level students in computer science and transport engineering.

The book will explore, using multiple perspectives from multiple contributors, two main aspects for circular economy (CE) business and technology (B&T): systems and value perspectives. Going beyond a linear-economic perspective--the traditional perspective--CE needs to develop intentional and integrated paths to help restore physical resources and regenerate the functions of natural and anthropic systems, creating greater economic and social opportunities, with environmentally positive outcomes. Whether this is feasible and possible within the context of CE and B&T is something that will be central to the contributions made in this book. A major objective of the book is to deliver practical and fundamental knowledge of B&T CE insights combining a systems perspective and value creation for socio-technical innovation leading to sustainable transitions and effective transformations. Based on those key aspects, the book is structured in two parts, one from a more theoretical and conceptual basis in Part 1, and a more applied perspective in Part 2. The chapters in Part 1 are presented through the lens of business and systems transitions. In Part 2, the chapters present the opportunities and the journeys from real case studies of companies engaged in circular business strategies, processes, practices, and technologies.

The Genesis of Logic addresses the principles of common-sense reasoning, which are employed in everyday decision-making processes and extend beyond deductive reasoning alone. Linked to language, logic inherits its flexibility. These are a few laws, the 'formal skeleton of reasoning,' based on the relationship of linguistic inference that, while needing to be represented in each context, allow for the consideration of non-comparable, orthogonal statements. By facilitating deduction and abduction, speculation emerges as a fundamental intellectual operation. As a whole, this work offers a new genetic-evolutionary perspective to reconsider Logic, a panoramic outlook that examines laws outside the skeleton as local laws, necessary for the validity of specialized reasoning. It moves away from the rigid reticular structure of sets of statements and views induction as the search for speculations, non-monotonic reasoning as speculative, and conjecture, only proven in finite Boolean algebras,that reasoning involves following paths of inference in a zigzag pattern, alternating between deduction and abduction.

This book covers polyextremophiles, the latest biotechnological advances, and developments in the study of extremophilic diversity with a focus on genetics, proteomics and the impact of climate change. It sets out new perspectives on the polyextremophiles' mechanism of tolerance to extreme conditions, and it also outlines their applications in bioremediation, therapeutics, and astrobiology research. Expert contributors discuss topics such as genes associated with polyextremophiles, the applications of genome editing in extremophiles, secondary metabolites from extremophiles, and the biocatalytic potential of extemozymes isolated from extremophiles. Readers will find in this book several case studies that collate the diverse applications of polyextremophiles for bioremediation, including the use of extremophilic algae in wastewater treatment, nutrient recovery and animal feed production, the treatment of industrial waste, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, and the removal of microplastics, heavy metals and E-waste. Particular attention is given to the use of polyextremophiles for bioremediation of abandoned mining sites. The book also presents bioactive compounds from halophiles and their biomedical applications and discusses the implications of polyextremophiles in astrobiology research. Given its breadth, this book is a valuable contribution to the biotechnology of polyextremophiles by overviewing research to date and exploring challenges and opportunities for future research. It also benefits a broad readership, from scholars, researchers and students to industry professionals interested in the study and development of biotechnological applications of polyextremophiles.

This book develops spatial interaction models for the analysis of human interaction within space, in terms of both accessibility and land use. Presenting case studies on the Azores and Morocco, it covers applications in various regions of Europe and Africa. The respective models simulate land use, employment, households, commuting and shopping movements and land values, employment distribution for basic activities, changes in accessibility, and changes in land suitability due to climate change.This book will appeal to scholars and students of regional and spatial science, ecological economics, and agricultural economics, as well as to spatial planners and practitioners dealing with issues of spatial planning to address such problems as unsustainable land use, adaptation to climate change, desertification of rural areas heavily dependent on land use, and the impacts of external shocks on land and property values.

Comprising sixteen independent chapters, this book covers recent advancements and emerging pathways within human-friendly robotics on physical and cognitive levels. Each chapter presents a novel work presented at HFR 2023 by researchers from various robotic domains, where new theories, methodologies, technologies, challenges, and empirical and experimental studies are discussed. The multidisciplinary nature of the authors enriches the compilation with varied viewpoints, making it an excellent resource for academics, researchers, and industry professionals to get acquainted with the state of the art on human-robot interaction.

The book focuses the latest endeavors relating researches and developments conducted in fields of control, robotics, and automation. Through more than ten revised and extended articles, the present book aims to provide the most up-to-date state of the art of the aforementioned fields allowing researcher, Ph.D. students, and engineers not only updating their knowledge but also benefiting from the source of inspiration that represents the set of selected articles of the book.The deliberate intention of editors to cover as well theoretical facets of those fields as their practical accomplishments and implementations offers the benefit of gathering in a same book a factual and well-balanced prospect of nowadays research in those topics. A special attention toward ¿Intelligent Robots and Control¿ may characterize another benefit of this book.

This book reports on innovative research and developments in the broad field of transportation. It covers solutions relating to intelligent vehicles and infrastructure, energy and combustion management, vehicle dynamics and engineering, as well as research on railway transport, aerospace technologies, logistics and security. Contributions are based on peer-reviewed papers presented at the 13th international scientific conference "Transbaltica: Transportation Science and Technology", held on September 15-16, 2022, at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, in Vilnius, Lithuania. All in all, this book offers extensive information on modern transport systems, with a good balance of theory and practice.

This book presents the theory of plates and shells on the basis of the three-dimensional parent theory. The authors explore the thinness of the structure to represent the mechanics of the actual thin three-dimensional body under consideration by a more tractable two-dimensional theory associated with an interior surface. In this way, the relatively complex three-dimensional continuum mechanics of the thin body is replaced by a far more tractable two-dimensional theory. To ensure that the resulting model is predictive, it is necessary to compensate for this 'dimension reduction' by assigning additional kinematical and dynamical descriptors to the surface whose deformations are modelled by the simpler two-dimensional theory. The authors avoid the various ad hoc assumptions made in the historical development of the subject, most notably the classical Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis requiring that material lines initially normal to the shell surface remain so after deformation. Instead, suchconditions, when appropriate, are here derived rather than postulated.

The relationship between health, social care, and the teaching of disciplines such as sociology, social work, and social policy are increasing in many regions worldwide. This book explores the relationship between wider social theory and social welfare though an understanding of how power and resistance impinges on how helping professions operate in health and social spaces in the twenty-first century. The book presents a critical analysis of major Foucauldian theories and social issues in the construction and practice of health and social welfare. It discusses important theoretical and substantive contributions to current debates and presents an engaging, comprehensive, and innovative perspective to address both how power and resistance shape the way we live and how the way we live shapes the way in which we understand social relations among professionals, policy makers, and user groups in comparative contexts. The purpose of this book is to critically inform debates concerning the abstract and empirical features of health and social care examined through the lens of innovative theoretical perspectives emanating from Foucauldian theories.​

This book introduces readers to the physical design (layout) and design automation of Photonic Integrated Ciruicts (PICs) which is an essential building block of Electronic-Photonic Design Automation (EPDA). Proper PIC design automation and implementation of complex curvilinear shapes play a critical role in reliability, quality, and time-to-market of complex PIC products. The author starts by introducing some basic mathematical concepts used in implementation of photonic components, followed by a deep dive into implementation details of parameterized PIC components. The book introduces the industry-standard schematic driven layout flow and tries to simplify the concepts and implementations. The author conveys difficult concepts and advanced EPDA scripting/programming methodologies, using a simple language and coding examples.

This monograph is a defence of the Fregean take on logic. The author argues that Frege¿s projects, in logic and philosophy of language, are essentially connected and that the formalist shift produced by the work of Peano, Boole and Schroeder and continued by Hilbert and Tarski is completely alien to Frege's approach in the Begriffsschrift. A central thesis of the book is that judgeable contents, i.e. propositions, are the primary bearers of logical properties, which makes logic embedded in our conceptual system. This approach allows coherent and correct definitions of logical constants, logical consequence, and truth and connects their use to the practices of rational agents in science and everyday life.

This self-contained monograph provides a mathematically simple and physically meaningful model which unifies gravity, electromagnetism, optics and even some quantum behavior. The simplicity of the model is achieved by working in the frame of an inertial observer and by using a physically meaningful least action principle.The authors introduce an extension of the Principle of Inertia. This gives rise to a simple, physically meaningful action function. Visualizations of the geometryare obtained by plotting the action function. These visualizations may be used to compare the geometries of different types of fields. Moreover, a new understanding of the energy-momentum of a field emerges.The relativistic dynamics derived here properly describes motion of massive and massless objects under the influence of a gravitational and/or an electromagnetic field, and under the influence of isotropic media.The reader will learn how to compute the precession of Mercury, the deflection of light, and the Shapiro time delay. Also covered is the relativistic motion of binary stars, including the generation of gravitational waves, a derivation of Snell's Law and a relativistic description of spin. We derive a complex-valued prepotential of an electromagnetic field. The prepotential is similar to the wave function in quantum mechanics. The mathematics is accessible to students after standard courses in multivariable calculus and linear algebra. For those unfamiliar with tensors and the calculus of variations, these topics are developed rigorously in the opening chapters. The unifying model presented here should prove useful to upper undergraduate and graduate students, as well as to seasoned researchers.

This book explores the possibilities of understanding the concept of climate refugees in order to ascribe to a consensual agreement that climate refugees are evident and this situation is a reality.A framework to study both empirically and theoretically is presented in a detailed manner so that it may become a resource for understanding the challenges of climate refugees.Through discussion and analysis the book presents potential answers to such questions as: ● Why has the international system been so short-sighted and has not given importance to the problems of climate migrants and refugees?● How to identify a climate refugee?● How do you justify a climate refugee or a migrant?● What are internally displaced people? Should we call them just refugees?The book covers the interdisciplinary nature of climate refugees and the perspectives of social science. The empirical findings provides an edge to holistically understanding climate refugees.This book discusses the concept of, what really is a climate refugee, and the necessary factors to make it an important part of the climate discourse. The legality of the term is missing in international parlance, and the academic discourse should provide the necessary critique required for the evolution of the subject under study. Therefore, the major objective of the book is to make the subject of climate migration known to all.

This handbook integrates and discusses a growing evidence base concerning individual development across middle and late adulthood. The book includes a comprehensive analysis of what growth implies within midlife and older age and considers how different developmental areas are intertwined (i.e., physical, cognitive, social and emotional development as well as personality growth). As the gap between theory and practice still constitutes an issue in developmental research, the handbook also aims to provide illustrative examples of prevention and intervention from a positive psychology perspective. These were selected to represent a variety of topics, relevant for individual development where research informs practice, ranging from happiness, grandparenthood, love and sexuality to loneliness, depression, anxiety, suicide prevention and coping with death. This handbook is a must-have resource for students and researchers working in developmental psychology, health psychology, gerontology and, public health. It will also be of interest to practitioners such as counsellors, life coaches, psychotherapists, organizational psychologists, health professionals, social workers or public health planners.

This volume contains up-to-date contributions written by leading experts in the role played by various microorganisms in psychiatric and neurological illness. The initial chapters present an evolutionary framework for the impact of microorganisms on behavior. This is followed by historical and epidemiological perspectives of the role of viruses in psychiatric illness. Subsequent chapters focus on different classes of microorganisms and psychiatric illnesses and emphasize diverse research approaches ranging from preclinical models to therapeutic interventions.

In the context of rising adverse effects of climate change on agriculture, there is a need for advanced methods and practices to manage soils for production of food and energy. This book presents the latest advances in microbial processes that control plant growth, with focus on genomic tools, microbial interactions with the plant and soils habitats, mobilization of plant nutrients, agricultural waste management, biodegradation, bioremediation, carbon sequestration, land reclamation, plant growth promotion, suppression of plant pathogens, induced systemic resistance and tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses.

This book proposes a new approach to economics, starting from the commons and based on the Economy of Francesco (EoF), a worldwide movement of young people who aim to change the current economic models and working towards a fair, sustainable, and inclusive economic system. EoF was convened by Pope Francis and is inspired by the example of St. Francis of Assisi, featuring Franciscan economic roots and institutions, as well as theories of the social sciences.The authors raise and answer several important questions throughout the volume, such as: What if the economic courses taught in the universities across the globe focused their attention on the topics of the commons rather than on private goods? What if social businesses, rather than being considered as a hybrid form of businesses, became the normal approach, and ethical and green finance ruled over the standard financial sector? Is it possible to move away from the primacy of the consumers to the preeminence of ethical consumers who express their preferences for an inclusive, sustainable, and workers-friendly economic system with their daily choices? Using a unique approach, the book includes the contributions of prominent scholars which are integrated and discussed by young international scholars, providing a fresh analysis with a glance of hope for the future. The book is a must-read for students, scholars, and researchers of economics and related disciplines interested in alternatives to the current economic mainstream in general, and the Economy of Francesco in particular.

This book provides practical demonstrations of how to carry out definite integrals with Monte Carlo methods using Mathematica. Random variates are sampled by the inverse transform method and the acceptance-rejection method using uniform, linear, Gaussian, and exponential probability distribution functions. A chapter on the application of the Variational Quantum Monte Carlo method to a simple harmonic oscillator is included. These topics are all essential for students of mathematics and physics. The author includes thorough background on each topic covered within the book in order to help readers understand the subject. The book also contains many examples to show how the methods can be applied.

This book examines the Europeanisation of party politics in Malta. It evaluates the influence of Europeanisation on the political system, which is based on two party-system, polarisation, and clientelism. Malta is the smallest European Union (EU) member state, which joined the EU in 2004. The road toward membership was fraught with contentious and emotionally charged debates. This book explores the relationship between Maltese political parties and the EU, the politicisation and framing of the European Union by political parties, and the impact of the European Union on Malta's political system. The book further discusses more contentious recent events which made headlines at the EU level, including the Panama Papers scandals, the Individual Investment Programme, and the assassination of journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia. The book will appeal to students, scholars, and researchers of political science and international relations interested in a better understanding ofelectoral studies, Europeanisation, European integration, as well as the Maltese political system, and party politics.

This updated reference covers diverse aspects of cerebellar development from a full range of viewpoints, including the epidemiology of cerebellar genetic disorders, developmental anatomy, cell biology, genetics, epigenetics, infectious diseases, and mechanisms involved in the regulation of cell fate, while also focusing on information that is relevant to clinicians caring for patients with cerebellar disorders. The chapters are written by experts in the field of cerebellar development, and the chapters cover diseases related to the cerebellum, along with their epidemiology, clinical features, assessment, and management. In addition to updating the content to cover the significant developments in the field since the first edition, the second edition will include new chapters on Non-Coding RNAs and Cerebellar Development, Development of the Fish Cerebellum, the Role of nNOS/NO on Cerebellar Development in Health and Disease, and rehabilitation in cerebellar ataxia. The effect of the COVID-19 on the cerebellum has been included in related chapters. Development of the Cerebellum from Molecular Aspects to Diseases, 2nd edition, is designed to be valuable reference for both neuroscientists and clinicians.

Written by leading scholars from various disciplines, this book presents current research on topics such as public choice, game theory, and political economy. It features contributions on fundamental, methodological, and empirical issues around the concepts of power and responsibility that strive to bridge the gap between different disciplinary approaches. The contributions fall into roughly four sub-disciplines: voting and voting power, public economics and politics, economics and philosophy, as well as labor economics.On the occasion of his 75th birthday, this book is written in honor of Manfred J. Holler, an economist by training and profession whose work as a guiding light has helped advance our understanding of the interdisciplinary connections of concepts of power and responsibility. He has written many articles and books on game theory, and worked extensively on questions of labor economics, politics, and philosophy.

This book addresses radiation protection of patients having digital radiography and computed tomography (CT) examinations. The literature on radiation doses to patients from these two modalities have reported that the doses to patients are high. As a result, the radiology community has focused on methods and procedures to keep these doses as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) without compromising the diagnostic image quality. This book outlines the motivation for dose optimization in radiology, identifies and describes the ICRP principle of optimization, outlines the factors affecting the dose in digital radiography and in CT, and identifies and describes strategies used in digital radiography and in CT for dose optimization.This book is intended for all those working in digital radiography and CT environments including radiological technologists, and radiographers, radiologists, biomedical engineering technologists, and student medical physicists. It is bestused as a supplement to radiologic science textbooks, and in particular, radiation protection textbooks. Furthermore, this book lays the foundations for students and practitioners engaged in research on dose reduction and dose optimization in radiology.- Provides practical and useful methods for optimization of doses from digital radiography and CT - Describes the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) principle of optimization - Outlines the factors affecting the dose in digital radiography and in computed tomography