Books published by University Press of the Pacific

Every body ought to be interested in Value Engineering (VE)! As wage-earners, the application of VE is helping American industry maintain its economic position in world markets, thereby protecting our jobs and careers. As taxpayers, the Department of Defense (DOD) VE program has come to the defense of the Defense dollar, with audited savings to us of over $1.1 billion for fiscal years 1963 through 1966. As consumers, we today purchase many products at not only lower prices, but with greater value as well, because the manufacturer of those products is applying VE as an effective management tool. And all of these VE economic benefits have come rapidly. As recently as 1960-the application of this cost saving technique is dated back to 1947-wherever the technique had been intelligently and open-mindedly applied, it had been successful. With this acceptance and practice of the methodology have come rapid developments in the state of the art, and in the point of its application to the product cycle. What was once considered second look, Value Analysis-whereby the methodology was applied only after the entity of the product was well established-began moving back in the product development cycle for a first look into the design aspects of the product. Thus what was originally christened Value Analysis, synonymously became known as Value Engineering (VE)-a confirmation that served to justifiably raise the status of (and respect for) the technique. Value Engineering is therefore no longer on trial. It has proved itself repeatedly. But in spite of its name, its success has not come as a technological technique, but as a potent economic tool for management. Why? Because the record shows, without reservation, that the technique must have the rigorous and unqualified backing of management. Where VE has received this kind of support, management has reaped a return on investment in the order of 15:l. This kind of performance, management understands!

Expanding urbanization along Florida's coastlines has resulted in increased construction of individual residences, condominiums, and commercial establishments. This surge in construction has produced a concomitant need and demand for landscaping to solve not only a esthetic but functional problems in design. Unfortunately, there are many environmental stresses present in these are as which predispose plant material s to decline and eventual death. Perhaps the most commonly thought of stress is salinity---both soil and foliar related. Yet it should be understood that the specific salt tolerance of a given plant is related to its ability to withstand not only salinity but a number of other environmental stresses. There are a number of adverse qualities of coastal soils which contribute to poor success in establishing landscape plants. Coastal soils are generally: high in excess soluble salts, alkaline in pH, and sandy with poor nutrient and water holding capacity. Excess soluble salts result from a multiplicity of causes: inundation of coastal soils with saline or brackish water; salt water intrusion in to the fresh water aquifer and subsequent upward movement of salts by evaporation; irrigation with water of poor quality (saline); and overfertilization combined with poor watering practices.Contents:IntroductionTreesPalmsShrubsDwarf Shrubs, Groundcovers and VinesAppendixReferencesIndex

This book is specifically designed as a guide to highway engineers. It was used as a textbook for the FHWA training courses on the above title. Several methods of analysis and design of piles under lateral loading are in use. Two methods are presented: the method of Broms, and the method where nonlinear soil-response curves, p-y curves, are employed. The latter method is given prominence because of its versatility. A computer program is presented for solving the equations giving pile deflection, rotation, bending moment, and shear. An iterative procedure is employed internally in the computer program because of the nonlinear response of the soil. Nondimensional curves are presented that can be used for "hand" solution of the differential equation. Nondimensional solutions are useful as a means of checking computer output and to provide insight into the nature of the problem. Several examples are solved and the material is presented in a manner to simplify necessary computations, with step-by-step procedures given where appropriate.

This is a reprint of a book that is now extremely rare in collections of early American literature. Published anonymously in 1830, these "Sketches of Indian Life and Character" constituted one of the first collections of short tales to be brought out in the United States and also the first appearance in American Literature of the plains Indians. Fewer than a dozen copies of the Tales have been found after a careful search of American libraries. William Joseph Snelling, the author, wandered through the mid-western country in the 1820's, fraternizing with the Indians and penetrating their dark barriers as few other white men have ever done. His stories consequently bring to life real Indian-neither the "noble savages" of romantic fiction nor the bloodthirsty sadists of popular imagination. Snelling knew his Indian, and his writing about them, though fictional, is forthright and sincere. "In 1830 no American save Cooper wrote better narrative than Snelling at his peak," says John T. Flanagan, who has made an extensive study of the life and writings of Snelling and who writes the Introduction to this second edition of Tales of the Northwest. Seven of the ten tales deal with the relations between men and white. The other three are tales of Indians. All are written with a keen eye for the unique Indian psychology-the craving for justice inherent in an almost religious devotion to revenge, the scorn of pain and hardship, and the deep-seated oriental despair that more than anything else made the Indian incomprehensible to the insurgent whites. These traits Snelling brings out admirably in his stories, which tingle with the freshness and vigor of the Upper Mississippi country, where the author spent some of the richest years of his life. Son of Colonel Josiah Snelling, for whom Fort Snelling was named, young Joseph lived among the Indians or stayed with his father at the fort until in 1823 he joined Major Long's expedition to Lake Winnipeg, as interpreter between the explorers and the various Indian tribes they encountered. Returning to his native Boston in 1828, Snelling became the militantly outspoken editor of the Boston Herald, where he brought his crusading zeal into play against city grafters and gamblers and became an ardent member of the New England Anti-Slavery Society. He never went back to the Northwest, but immortalized the region and its peoples in his Tales of the Northwest, published under the modest pseudonym of "A Resident beyond the Frontier."

Americans seem to be increasingly concerned with decisions about death and dying. Why is a subject once thought taboo now so frequently aired by the popular media, debated in academic forums and professional societies, and litigated in well-publicized court cases? Perhaps it is because death is less of a private matter than it once was. Today, dying more often than not occurs under medical supervision, usually in a hospital or nursing home. Actions that take place in such settings involve more people, and the resolution of disagreements among them is more likely to require formal rules and means of adjudication. Moreover, patients dying in health care institutions today typically have fewer of the sources of nonmedical support, such as family and church, that once helped people in their final days. Also important, no doubt, are the biomedical developments of the past several decades. Without removing the sense of loss, finality, and mystery that have always accompanied death, these new developments have made death more a matter of deliberate decision. For almost any life-threatening condition, some intervention can now delay the moment of death. Frequent dramatic breakthroughs-insulin, antibiotics, resuscitation, chemotherapy, kidney dialysis, and organ transplantation, to name but a few-have made it possible to retard and even to reverse many conditions that were until recently regarded as fatal. Matters once the province of fate have now become a matter of human choice, a development that has profound ethical and legal implications. Moreover, medical technology often renders patients less able to communicate or to direct the course of treatment. Even for mentally competent patients, other people must usually assist in making treatment decisions or at least acquiesce in carrying them out. Consequently, in recent years there has been a continuing clarification of the rights, duties, and liabilities of all concerned, a process in which professionals, ethical and legal commentators, and-with increasing frequency-the courts and legislatures have been involved. Thus, the Commission found this an appropriate time to reexamine the way decisions are and ought to be made about whether or not to forego life-sustaining treatment. For example, may a patient's withdrawal from treatment ever be forbidden? Should physicians acquiesce in patients' wishes regarding therapy? Should they offer patients the option to forego life-sustaining therapy? Does it make any difference if the treatment has already been started, or involves mechanical systems of life support, or is very costly?

A pioneering work in literary history, this 1900 publication set up a typology for the study of the English novel, identifying the historical, romantic, novel of purpose, and the modern turn-of-the-century novel and showing how the idea of portraying the personality though fiction developed continually over some one hundred fifty years.

The history of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the events that lead to the Revolution, and the analysis and evaluation of the achievements of the Revolution have been the subject of numerous scholarly works. These studies are often quite different, depending on the viewpoint of the writers who come from every political walk of life. For this reason, even on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the Revolution, one might be hard pressed to add new elements to the facts or analytical volumes already published. Ironically, however, very little has been written concerning the aftermath of the Hungarian Revolution. No systematic compilation of the legal history of the weeks and months following the Soviet intervention which started the liquidation of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 has been made. The present book will attempt to approach the question of the Hungarian Revolution strictly from the legal aspects and will describe, analyze, and interpret the legal measures introduced during the time between November 4, 1956, and September 27, 1958, when the election of the new Hungarian Parliament was set. Part I consists of a chronological documentation of the foreign and domestic events from February 14, 1956, to October 22, 1956, which lead to the Revolution and the Revolution itself which lasted from October 23, 1956, to November 3, 1956. The inclusion of these historic facts will allow the post-revolutionary events to stand alone without lengthy explanatory remarks. Part II contains an analytical review of measures which help illustrate the violation of international law principles. Part III describes and analyzes post-revolutionary developments of domestic law adopted between November 4, 1956, and the autumn of 1958 when the elections for the new parliament were set. These elections indicated that the measures required for the elimination of most of the achievements of the Revolution were completed.

Cancer is increasingly prevalent in the United States, and the pain associated with it is frequently undertreated. Cancer is diagnosed in over one million Americans annually, and one of five deaths in the United States---about 1,400 per day---results from cancer. Patients with cancer often have multiple pain problems, but in most patients, the pain can be effectively controlled. Nevertheless, undertreatment is common because of a lack of knowledge by clinicians about effective assessment and management, negative attitudes of patients and clinicians toward the use of drugs for pain relief, and a variety of problems related to drug regulations, and the cost of and reimbursement for effective pain management. This guideline was developed by an interdisciplinary panel of clinicians, patients, researchers, and experts in health policy. The guideline provides a synthesis of scientific research and expert judgment to make recommendations on pain assessment and management. Approximately 470 health care professionals and 70 patients were involved either as consultants and peer reviewers or as participants in pilot testing. The Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Cancer Pain was commissioned by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR). It follows and makes reference to an earlier guideline on acute pain management after surgery or trauma, also commissioned by AHCPR. The cancer pain guideline includes a section on the management of HIV positive/AIDS---related pain because of similarities in the sources of pain and the management approaches. This guideline is designed to help clinicians understand the assessment and treatment of cancer pain and associated symptoms. It reflects a multimodal approach to the management of pain, and it emphasizes the need for careful and continuous assessment to match interventions to the sources of pain in individual patients.

The airship should solve the problems of speed (it is significantly faster than a tractor and trailer combination); capacity (it could easily be designed to carry a high-density load equivalent to the capacity of several freight cars); economy (its fuel consumption is negligible as compared to that of conventional aircraft); and flexibility (it could allow cargo to be loaded and unloaded in undeveloped areas that are served by nothing more than the equivalent of a pack-trail or logging road). What we are talking about, of course, is the dirigible, or airship. This collection of relatively recent airship patents provides a great deal of inspiration to the designer and inventor. Patents are organized by issue date, which gives a quick chronological view of technical developments in airships.

The A Comprehensive Guide to International Trade Terms will be useful for experienced and novice exporters, bankers, students, and libraries. It provides an alphabetical arrangement of acronyms and their meanings and an alphabetical arrangement of definitions. The dictionary covers international trade and development; international finance; multinational, regional and international organizations; shipping terms; diplomatic language and international agreements; selected statistical and economic terminology; and standards information. The dictionary, which is a useful reference for anyone interested in an accurate understanding of the use of international trade terms, is written in English and includes small amounts of Spanish, French, German and Italian.

Truce Tent and Fighting Front covers the last two years in the Korean War and treats the seemingly interminable armistice negotiations and the violent but sporadic fighting at the front. The scene therefore frequently shifts from the dialectic, propaganda, and frustrations at the conference table to the battles on key hills and at key outposts. The author presents a solid and meaningful reconstruction of the truce negotiations; he develops the issues debated and captures the color of the arguments and the arguers. The planning and events that guided or influenced the proceedings on the United Nations side are thoroughly explained. The volume abounds in object lessons and case studies that illustrate problems American officers may encounter in negotiating with Communists. Problems encountered by the U.N. high command in handling recalcitrant Communist prisoners of war within the spirit and letter of the Geneva Convention are explained with clarity and sympathy. Truce Tent and Fighting Front is offered to all thoughtful citizens ---military and civilian--- as a contribution to the literature of limited war. Hal C. Pattison Brigadier General, USA Chief of Military History

This volume, the third in a series of historical case studies of important air power missions, addresses the most controversial (and arguably most significant) air power mission of all--strategic bombardment. The ability of aircraft and missiles to destroy or disrupt an enemy's war-making potential and to break or weaken his will to resist, independent of the actions of ground and naval forces, has served as the central theme of air power theory and as the rallying point of air advocates, who made it the raison d'Ltre for independent air forces. Written by well-known military historians, each chapter stands alone as a case study of an important stage in strategic air operations; combined, the chapters provide a comprehensive and insightful analysis of the theory and practice of strategic bombardment from its inception in World War I through the Gulf War of 1991. From "Boom" Trenchard and "Billy" Mitchell to John Warden and Charles Horner, the vision of air power prophets and airmen is tested against the reality of bureaucratic inertia, aircraft capability, technological advances, and bombing accuracy. Seldom in the twentieth century has technology fully met the demands of air power theory. Yet in each era a practitioner of the art appears, such as Harris, Spaatz, LeMay, or Horner, who in some measure modifies prevailing doctrine and stretches the paradigm of his time and circumstances to achieve extraordinary results. Technology, of course, is the prime determinant of doctrine and operations. This exceptional volume surveys the entire history of strategic bombardment and its technology, from the Zeppelin and Gotha of the Great War to the F-117 and the penetrating precision guided bomb of the Gulf War. The reader will find technological advances--such as radar bombing and range-extending air-to-air refueling--that answer one problem only to produce new requirements and expectations that demand more advanced technology. Guided munitions, while offering remarkable precision, have underscored the problems of strategic intelligence collection and dissemination, and of locating and attacking both fixed and mobile targets. This volume also examines the changes in the public's perception of strategic bombardment. The exaggerated fears of a "knockout blow" and near total destruction bruited about before World War II gradually were replaced by a general acceptance of area bombing and contemporary satisfaction at the casualties inflicted on the foe during the war itself. That public tolerance evaporated soon after the appearance of the atom bomb. The ever-present threat of a civilization-ending global nuclear war continued for another forty years and made the B-52 bomber and intercontinental ballistic missile both symbols of ultimate destruction and potent tools of nuclear stability. Indeed, public acceptance of combat casualties for both friend and foe has steadily declined in the latter half of the twentieth century. If the World War II bombing of Berlin and Tokyo resonated favorably with public opinion at the time, changing attitudes by the 1990s would never have condoned such an approach to the Gulf conflict. Finally, later chapters in this volume consider some of the most significant missions and accomplishments of the United States Air Force during the Cold War. They examine the actions and events associated with strategic air power that helped repel or deter communist aggression and protect the vital interests of Western democracies throughout the world. The U.S. Air Force's commitment to strategic air power has been consistent and seamless since the days of the B-17 to the era of the B-2. Through the development and elaboration of strategic air warfare capabilities and thought, it has created a modem world in which global air power will be the strategic instrument of choice for power projection and presence in the twenty-first century.Richard P. HallionThe Air Force Historian

Writing in 1978, General William W. Momyer, former Commander of the Tactical Air Command and a distinguished veteran fighter pilot, stated that:The contest for air superiority is the most important contest of all, for no other operations can be sustained if this battle is lost. To win it, we must have the best equipment, the best tactics, the freedom to use them, and the best pilots.Certainly, the wide-ranging case studies examined in this book confirm this message, as do more contemporary experiences from the Falklands War, the Bekaa Valley, and, most recently, the Gulf War of 1991. The historical roots of air superiority date to the First World War, which marked the emergence of the fighter airplane, offensive and defensive fighter doctrine, and the trained fighter pilot. By the end of the war, the Imperial German Air Service had been decisively outfought, and though occasional bitter air combat still occurred, the Allied air arms were free to harass and attack German ground forces wherever and whenever they chose. After the war, there were defense commentators who injudiciously predicted--not for the last time--that the era of dogfighting was over; higher aircraft speeds would make maneuvering air combat a thing of the past. Instead, the lesson of the importance of air superiority was rediscovered in the skies over Spain, and confirmed again throughout the Second World War. Having tenaciously wrested air superiority from the Luftwaffe, the Allies in 1941 went on to achieve genuine air supremacy, a situation acknowledged by General Dwight Eisenhower, who, riding through Normandy after D-Day, remarked to his son: "If I didn't have air supremacy, I wouldn't be here." Sadly, many of these lessons were lost in the post-Second World War era, when technology advances-supersonic design theory, nuclear weapons, and "robot" aircraft--seemed to signal an end to the traditional air-to-air fighter--even though the experience of the Korean War demonstrated that transonic jet combat was not merely possible, but the new normative form of air warfare. Indeed, the fighter airplane underwent a dramatic transformation into a nuclear-armed strike aircraft, now that popular wisdom held that surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles foreshadowed the end of the era of "classic" air combat. That prediction collapsed in the face of the Vietnam war and the experiences of the Middle East. The 1970s witnessed both a revolution in fighter aircraft design (spawned by the technology advances of the 1960s and 1970s) and a return to basics in both design fundamentals and the training of fighter pilots. Operations in the Falklands war, over the Bekaa Valley, and most recently, during DESERT STORM confirmed not only the benefits of this revolution and rediscovery, but also the enduring importance of air superiority. During DESERT STORM (which occurred while this book was in press) the airmen of the United States Air Force established air superiority over Iraq and occupied Kuwait from the outset of the war, defeating the Iraqi air force both in the air and on the ground. By so doing, they created the conditions essential for decisive air war. Strike and support aircraft and helicopters could go about their duties without fear of molestation from enemy aircraft. Iraq's forces, pinned in place, were denied any respite from punishing air attack. Because of coalition air supremacy, coalition land operations could be undertaken with an assurance, speed, and rapidity of pace never before seen in warfare. Bluntly stated, the Gulf war demonstrated that with air superiority, General Norman Schwarzkopf could undertake his famed "Hail Mary" play. Lacking air superiority, Iraq paid dearly. Its III Corps became vulnerable to air attack--stuck in a traffic jam out of Kuwait City on the "Highway of Death." Air superiority, like democracy itself, must be constantly secured and renewed.

This manual provides technical background and guidance for computing basin snowmelt runoff as is necessary in the design and operation of water control projects. This manual discusses the basic theoretical principles of snow hydrology and the practical applications of this theory in forecasting and design. It summarizes several important snowmelt runoff models and offers guidelines for model selection.

As terrestrial weapons systems are reduced, space systems increase in numbers and applications. Maj Steven R. Petersen's study represents the first effort to tie together in one document US doctrine, policy, and implementation planning for the use of offensive weapons in space. Structured around the concept of space control, he creates a picture of offensive space operations that are quite similar to traditional air superiority operations. Major Petersen's study provides a timely guide to the evolution of space as another theater of warfare. It identities key doctrinal and operational challenges that lie ahead.

Central Asia is a key theater in the war on terrorism where fragile new states are attempting to consolidate political power, build legitimacy, and stoke economic development at the same time that they face a range of threats with security forces badly in need of reform. While the United States has recognized the pivotal role of Central Asia and greatly expanded its activities there, this is a new venue for America. U.S. policymakers are learning in stride as they seek ways to both strengthen the Central Asian states and to encourage them to undertake badly needed political reforms.In this monograph, Elizabeth Wishnick builds on the analysis in her important 2002 SSI study, Growing U.S. Security Interests in Central Asia. She contends that by highlighting antiterrorism, the United States addresses a symptom rather than the causes of instability in Central Asia; thus it is contributing to the radicalization of political opposition movements and discrediting both democratization and the U.S. commitment to it. Instead, she argues, the United States should do more to address the underlying human security problems in Central Asia, which increase its vulnerability to terrorist movements.

A Book on Books, has been prepared to provide a guide for the United States Marine Corps Professional Reading Program.Read to Lead in Today's Corps. This publication is directed to all Marines, as we are all bound by a common pursuit of professional knowledge. Our profession is warfighting, and, therefore, the emphasis of the professional reading program is on books that will make the individual Marine a better warfighter. This is not homework; this is not drudgery. The selected books have been chosen for their intrinsic excitement as well as their content. Many of the books will be hard to put down. This publication is your roadmap to the professional reading program and serves as a handy reference on how the program works and what the books are about. Let it guide your efforts in developing your own reading program.

Yellowstone National Park has been an important part of our natural heritage for more than a century; even so, some of the men who preserved this great work of nature for the enjoyment of mankind have yet to receive full recognition. Members of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers were among the first to explore the park area and to urge that it be set aside and protected. Engineers were also responsible for designing, building, and maintaining the system of scenic roads which opened the wonders of Yellowstone to the public.In Enchanted Enclosure, Dr. Baldwin has brought together for the first time original reports which tell the story ---often a dramatic one--- of the dedicated service of the Engineers to the cause of conservation. His book should appeal to the general reader as well as to the specialist.William C. Gribble, Jr.Lieutenant General, USAChief of Engineers

The four years between 1941 and 1945 were years in which the nation raised and trained an air armada and committed it to operations on a scale unknown to that time. With Courage: The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II retells the story of sacrifice, valor, and achievements in air campaigns against tough determined adversaries. It describes the development of a uniquely American doctrine for the application of air power against an opponent's key industries and centers of national life, a doctrine whose legacy today is the Global Reach - Global Power strategic planning framework of the modern U.S. Air Force. The narrative integrates aspects of strategic intelligence, logistics, technology, and leadership to offer a full yet concise account of the contributions of American air power to victory in that war.

The Corps of Engineers played an important part in winning World War II. Its work included building and repairing roads, bridges, and airfields; laying and clearing minefields; establishing and destroying obstacles; constructing training camps and other support facilities; building the Pentagon; and providing facilities for the development of the atomic bomb. In addition to their construction work, engineers engaged in combat with the enemy in the Battle of the Bulge, on the Ledo Road in Burma, in the mountains of Italy, and at numerous other locations. Certainly one of the highlights of Corps activity during World War II was the construction of the 1,685-mile Alaska Highway, carved out of the Canadian and Alaskan wilderness. Builders and Fighters is a series of essays on some of the hectic engineer activity during World War II. Veterans of that war should read this book and point with pride to their accomplishments. In it, today's engineers will find further reasons to be proud of their heritage.H. J. HatchLieutenant General, USAChief of Engineers