Books published by Walter de Gruyter

This volume is not only the first book-length investigation into adolescents' use of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), it also explores ELF in an African-European context, which has received little attention in ELF research so far. The book examines the interplay between language, culture and identity in adolescents' ELF interactions. It combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to explore strategies secondary school students employ in a German-Tanzanian student exchange in order to reach their communicative goals. Introducing and drawing on the TeenELF corpus, the book investigates the speaker- and situation-specific potential of repetition and repair, complimenting, laughter and humour as well as various practices of translanguaging. The study reveals ELF as a transcultural space, in which different linguacultural influences meet and merge, while meaning, rapport and identity are interactionally negotiated. In the face of an increasing interest in ELF-informed pedagogy, the present approach investigates the communicative needs and competences of school students and derives both theoretical as well as classroom implications from its linguistic findings.

With 5G, telecommunications networks have entered a new phase. 5G mobile networks use unique concepts and technologies to deliver current and future applications across a wide spectrum, from high bit-rate smartphones to high-availability car-to-x and mass IoT applications. This book on 5G technology starts with the evolution of mobile networks to 5G. It then addresses basic concepts and technologies such as NGN, IMS, virtualization with NFV and MEC, SDN, and Service Function Chaining. The 5G environment is comprehensively presented, starting with use cases and usage scenarios and moving on to concrete requirements, as well as the standardization at ITU and especially 3GPP, including regulation. In this context, the 5G system design, the 5G access networks with their high-performance transmission technology, and the core network with the innovative concepts of Service Based Architecture and Network Slicing play a significant role. A 5G system is presented here in an integrated view, rounded off by an overview of all relevant IT security aspects. The overall view is concluded by looking at the environmental influences of electromagnetic radiation and the energy and raw material resources requirements. Furthermore, the future development of 5G up to 6G is outlined. The book's main objective is to provide people interested in 5G technology and application scenarios with a well-founded knowledge for an introduction to 5G and encourage further discussion of this topic. The target audience is generally technically interested persons, mostly employees of public and private network operators. This book should be of particular interest, especially within the IT departments of potential 5G user companies, and of course, among computer science and electrical engineering students.

Delicious Pixels: Food in Video Games introduces critical food studies to game scholarship, showing the unique ways in which food is utilized in both video game gameplay and narrative to show that food is never just food but rather a complex means of communication and meaning-making. It aims at bringing the academic attention to digital food and to show how significant it became in the recent decades as, on the one hand, a world-building device, and, on the other, a crucial link between the in-game and out-of-game identities and experiences. This is done by examining specifically the examples of games in which food serves as the means of creating an intimate, cozy, and safe world and a close relationship between the players and the characters.

This book takes up the stimuli of new international historiography, albeit focusing mainly on the two regimes that undoubtedly provided the model for Fascist movements in Europe, namely the Italian and the German. Starting with a historiographical assessment of the international situation, vis-à-vis studies on Fascism and National Socialism, and then concentrate on certain aspects that are essential to any study of the two dictatorships, namely the complex relationships with their respective societies, the figures of the two dictators and the role of violence. This volume reaches beyond the time-frame encompassing Fascism and National Socialism experiences, directing the attention also toward the period subsequent to their demise. This is done in two ways. On the one hand, examining the uncomfortable architectural legacy left by dictatorships to the democratic societies that came after the war. On the other hand, the book addresses an issue that is very much alive both in the strictly historiographical and political science debate, that is to say, to what extent can the label of Fascism be used to identify political phenomena of these current times, such as movements and parties of the so-called populist and souverainist right.

The central question explored in this volume is: How is humor multimodally produced, perceived, responded to, and negotiated? To this end, it offers a panorama of linguistic research on multimodal and interactional humor, based on different theoretical frameworks, corpora, and methodologies. Humor is considered as an activity that is interactionally achieved, regardless of whether the interaction in which it is embedded is face-to-face, computer-mediated, with a human or a robot, oral or written. The aim is to analyze both the linguistic resources of the participants (such as their lexicon, prosody, gestures, gazes, or smiles) and the semiotic resources that social networks and instant messaging platforms offer them (such as memes, gifs, or emojis).

German colonial history in today Tanzania Mainlad is extensively documented, but it has not been studied from its memory perspective despite it being widely remembered among the Tanzanians. This book documents German colonial memories as shared cultural legacy that exists in forms of monuments, archives and historical sites. It also presents them as trans-generational memory narratives that live in people's memories that are also commemorated in different ways like erection of war monuments. The book analyzes memories of colonialism from the historical perspective, showing how the collective memories like monuments and commemorations have undergone structural and institutional changes over time. The study uses Michael Rothberg's multi-directional theory, together with other theoretical approaches to analyze various forms of German colonial memories in Tanzanian context. The findings, which are analyzed historically, indicate that the collective memories of the Germans are cultural, communicative, commemorative, functional and topographical. They are also traumatic as well as nostalgic.

World history suffers from a paucity of clearly articulated, convincing explanations. While the rise of postmodernism and challenges to Eurocentrism did lead to some important correctives, the pendulum has swung too far the other direction, with a corresponding danger of 'throwing the baby out with the bathwater'. We need careful, theoretically informed debates about ways of organizing world history. What constitutes a good historical explanation? What should guide historians to choose relevant facts? Which theoretical schools could be made useful, and to what ends? These questions are especially relevant to the main topic of this book: the 'great divergence' between the west and the rest of the world, and how this historical rupture is to be explained. The book provides extensive critical analyses of some of the key claims in world history, analyzing their strengths as well as their major weaknesses-too often rooted in insufficient familiarity of historians with theories they discard. It also historicizes the field and the debates to partly account for what caused some theories to become more influential and others to fall into oblivion-despite the fact that the more influential frameworks are seriously flawed and some of the more marginalized ideas are more coherent and plausible. The book offers insights regarding the theoretical and political relevance of older debates about the transition to capitalism and historical materialism. Three major schools of thought in world history are critically examined through an in-depth theoretical and comparative analysis that has not been undertaken elsewhere: the so-called 'California School', World Systems Analysis, and Marxist theories of history, capitalism, and the transition from feudalism to capitalism. Murphy argues that, despite some of the more recent criticisms of older approaches to world history, the older theories remain indispensable for the writing of world history and for coming to terms with issues of global poverty, inequality and eco-catastrophe.

This is the first attempt to explain how Jewish doctors survived extreme adversity in Auschwitz where death could occur at any moment. The ordinary Jewish slave labourer survived an average of fifteen weeks. Ross Halpin discovers that Jewish doctors survived an average of twenty months, many under the same horrendous conditions as ordinary prisoners. Despite their status as privileged prisoners Jewish doctors starved, froze, were beaten to death and executed. Many Holocaust survivors attest that luck, God and miracles were their saviors. The author suggests that surviving Auschwitz was far more complex. Interweaving the stories of Jewish doctors before and during the Holocaust Halpin develops a model that explains the anatomy of survival. According to his model the genesis of survival of extreme adversity is the will to live which must be accompanied by the necessities of life, specific personal traits and defence mechanisms. For survival all four must co-exist.

The book provides an encyclopaedic overview of the language contact between Slavic languages and Romani in Eastern, South-Eastern and East-Central Europe. It is based on Yaron Matras' pragmatic-functional approach to language contact and follows a new direction in Romani linguistics that conceives Romani as a subgroup of closely related languages rather than a single language. The central topics discussed in the book are: Slavic impact on Romani phonetics and phonology, morphology and syntax; forms and functions of Slavic verbal prefixes in Romani; Slavic impact on the Romani lexicon; Romani elements in the nonstandard lexicon of the Slavic languages; writing Romani with 'Slavic' alphabets.

Die Quellen und Darstellungen zur Zeitgeschichte sind das Flagschiff der Publikationen des Instituts für Zeitgeschichte München-Berlin. In unregelmäßiger Folge erscheinen seit 1957 Editionen und Monographien zu brennenden Fragen der Zeitgeschichte. In der Mehrzahl handelt es sich dabei um Forschungsergebnisse, die aus Institutsprojekten hervorgegangen sind. Eine Veröffentlichung erfolgt erst nach dem Abschluss eines aufwendigen Begutachtungsverfahrens, an dem herausragende Gelehrte beteiligt sind. Den derzeitigen Schwerpunkt bilden die Projekte Demokratischer Staat und terroristische Herausforderung. Die Anti-Terrorismus-Politik der 1970er und 1980er Jahre in Westeuropa, Der KSZE-Prozess: Multilaterale Konferenzdiplomatie und die Folgen (1975-1989/91) und Die Verfolgung von NS-Verbrechen durch deutsche Justizbehörden seit 1945.

Der Niedergang des Bürgertums seit dem ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert ist vielfach beschrieben worden. Bei Andreas Schulz wird Bürgerlichkeit dagegen (auch) als krisenfestes Leitbild sichtbar, das bis heute als Identifikationsmöglichkeit Bestand hat und jenen, die sich dem Bürgertum zugehörig fühlen, Rückhalt bietet. Der Nachtrag zur zweiten Auflage behandelt die Tendenzen der Forschung seit dem ersten Erscheinen, die Bibliographie ist um zentrale neue Titel ergänzt.

This book is a detailed study of contact-induced change in the Neo-Aramaic dialect of the Jews of Sanandaj, a town in western Iran. Since its foundation in early 17th century, the city has been home to a significant Jewish community. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of the town displays different historical layers of contact with various Iranian languages over the course of many centuries. The Iranian languages in question are Gorani, Kurdish, and Persian. Among these, Gorani has had a particularly deep impact on Jewish Neo-Aramaic, whereas the impact of Kurdish, and especially Persian, remains superficial. Jewish Neo-Aramaic records a history of language shift from Gorani to Kurdish in the region. The book offers insights into contact-induced change in social contexts in which a language is maintained as a demarcation of communal identity in a multilingual setting.

Das politische Scheitern im Europa der Vormoderne ist bis heute von der Geschichtswissenschaft mit wenigen Ausnahmen nicht als eigenes Themenfeld beforscht worden. Ausgehend von einem integrativen Politikbegriff im Sinne der Neuen Politikgeschichte widmet sich der Band solchen historischen Akteuren und Gruppen, Bestrebungen und Entwicklungen, deren originäres wie zugeschriebenes Scheitern eine essentielle Bedeutung für kollektive Ordnungssysteme entfaltete. Der Untersuchung im Rahmen des Sammelbandes liegen drei elementare Fragen zugrunde: Was wird als Scheitern betrachtet? Wer betrachtet Scheitern? Wie verändern sich diese Konstellationen im Verlaufe der Zeit? Zur Beantwortung der Fragestellungen mobilisieren die versammelten Fallstudien, die vom Mittelalter bis ins 18. Jahrhundert reichten, Konzepte und Methoden aus der Politik-, Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft. Gemeinsam ist allen Beiträgen das Aufdecken synchroner wie diachroner Perspektivität. Anstatt verabsolutierende Bewertungskriterien zur Analyse des politischen Scheiterns zu postulieren, wird dieses relational erforscht, d.h. im Rahmen einer permanent praktizierten Akkommodation zwischen verschiedenen Perspektivebenen, deren Identifizierung und Synopsis zum historischen Erkennen von Scheitern in seiner Ambivalenz befähigt.

"Definierbar", so Friedrich Nietzsche, sei nur, "was keine Geschichte hat." Das Problem einer verbindlichen Definition von Liberalismus ist selbst das Ergebnis eines komplexen historischen Prozesses, in dem aus antiken Ursprüngen, aus liberalis und liberalitas, und aus vorpolitischen Bedeutungen schließlich der moderne Begriff Liberalismus entstand. Aber innerhalb des Umbruchs der altständischen Lebenswelt seit dem Ausgang des 18. Jahrhunderts bündelten sich in der Geschichte des neuartigen Deutungsmusters Liberalismus ganz unterschiedliche Erfahrungen und Erwartungen der Zeitgenossen. Eine europäisch komparative Untersuchung der historischen Semantik und die Rekonstruktion der zeitgenössischen Debatten über Gehalt und Strategie von Liberalismus vermitteln Einsichten in die Wahrnehmung vergangener Gegenwart, ohne die sich politisches Denken und Handeln in der Schwellenepoche des 19. Jahrhunderts nicht nachvollziehen lassen. Aus der quellennahen und systematischen Gegenüberstellung der Ursprünge und Wandlungen von libéralisme, Liberalismus, liberalismo und liberalism in Frankreich, Deutschland, Italien und England ergibt sich die Vielgestaltigkeit des Phänomens: Mit dem historisch-semantischen Vierländervergleich trägt die Arbeit über begriffsgeschichtliche Unterscheidungsmerkmale zu einer Typologie epochenspezifischer Liberalismen im europäischen Kontext bei.

This grammar of English embraces major lexical, phonological, syntactic structures and interfaces. It is based on the substantive assumption: that the categories and structures at all levels represent mental substance, conceptual and/or perceptual. The adequacy of this assumption in expressing linguistic generalizations is tested. The lexicon is seen as central to the grammar; it contains signs with conceptual, or content, poles, minimally words, and perceptual, and expression, poles, segments. Both words and segments are differentiated by substance-based features. They determine the erection of syntactic and phonological structures at the interfaces from lexicon. The valencies of words, the identification of their semantically determined complements and modifiers, control the erection of syntactic structures in the form of dependency relations. However, the features of different segment types determines their placement in the syllable, or as prosodies. Despite this discrepancy, dependency and linearization are two of the analogical properties displayed by lexical, syntactic and phonological structure. Analogies among parts of the grammar are another consequence of substantiveness, as is the presence of figurativeness and iconicity.

Rethinking the concepts of "witnessing" and "witness" is highly relevant to the study of war crimes, mass murder and genocide. Through multiple readings, the volume shows the meanings and functions of witnessing in a political and historical context marked by the emergence of multiculturalism. The ultimate goal is the exploration of divergent and intersectional positions of the witness and witnessing as both concrete and hermeneutical categories. As a result, the mechanisms of social, political, and psychological oppression, murder and genocide will become tangible and understandable with greater precision and finesse.

In the era of bourgeois modernity (1750-1900), the family is as valued as it is vulnerable. It constitutes a community of care, conflict, and emotion. Time and again, it is evoked as a bond of love as well as a moral institution. Yet both love and morality are fragile. A more detailed exploration reveals that domestic life during this period was much more colorful, open, and dynamic - and also more prone to crisis - than one might expect given the vaunted view of the family that characterized the heyday of the bourgeoisie. This book rewrites the history of the modern family. Self-narratives - primarily diaries - written by members of eight families from Germany, Switzerland, and Austria serve as sources for this research. The focus extends far beyond the bourgeoisie. With a micro-historical eye, the author reconstructs family histories from the peasant milieu to the patrician elite, from the parsonage to the educated bourgeoisie; he considers the domestic life of a journeyman craftsman, a couple's descent from the ranks of the petite bourgeoisie, the effects of an itinerant childhood among the proletariat, and the strain of being caught between a bourgeois family and artistic individuality. Many of these aspects point beyond bourgeois modernity to the family in our time.

The strong development in research on grammatical number in recent years has created a need for a unified perspective. The different frameworks, the ramifications of the theoretical questions, and the diversity of phenomena across typological systems, make this a significant challenge. This book addresses the challenge with a series of in-depth analyses of number across a typologically diverse sample, unified by a common set of descriptive and analytic questions from a semantic, morphological, syntactic, and discourse perspective. Each case study is devoted to a single language, or in a few cases to a language group. They are written by specialists who can rely on first-hand data or on material of difficult access, and can place the phenomena in the context of the respective system. The studies are preceded and concluded by critical overviews which frame the discussion and identify the main results and open questions. With specialist chapters breaking new ground, this book will help number specialists relate their results to other theoretical and empirical domains, and it will provide a reliable guide to all linguists and other researchers interested in number.

Kaiser Ludwig IV. mit dem Beinamen "der Bayer" regierte mehr als eine Generation lang. Dabei stand er in vielen Konflikten mit konkurrierenden Dynastien und dem Papsttum. Zu seiner Strategie gehörte dabei, durch Privilegerteilung insbesondere im Bund mit aufstrebenden Städten im Reich (wie Nürnberg, Frankfurt am Main oder Augsburg) Verbündete und Finanzmittel zu erlangen. Adressatenspezifisch erfolgte in diesem Kontext die Ausstellung von Privilegien und Urkunden, nicht mehr in Latein, sondern zunehmend in der Volkssprache - und dies durchaus massenhaft. Die sehr zahlreichen (und bislang weitgehend unerforschten) deutschsprachigen Urkunden Ludwigs des Bayern stellen im Rahmen der Königs- und Kaiserurkunden ein Novum dar, das man bisher übersehen hatte. Der Sammelband beleuchtet daher erstmals unter interdisziplinärer Vorgehensweise systematisch Ludwig den Bayern als entscheidenden Beiträger für die Ausbildung der neuhochdeutschen Schriftsprache im europäischen Kontext.

Das Handbuch erzeugt erstmals einen forschungsleitenden Rahmen der Buchforschung. Hierzu systematisiert es deren Themenspektrum nach Forschungsbereichen. Es zeigt verwendete theoretische Ansätze und diskutiert potenzielle weitere in ihrem jeweiligen Nutzen. Der Band versteht sich als interdisziplinäre Ausgangsbasis der künftigen buchbezogenen Forschung sowie als Grundelement der buchwissenschaftlichen Ausbildung an Universitäten und Hochschulen.

Die phänomenologische Thermodynamik ist von wenigen grundlegenden Observablen, Konzepten, und Zusammenhängen bestimmt, die nicht einfach zu vermitteln sind, besonders dann, wenn die notwendige mathematische Vorstellung und Fähigkeit der Studierenden an Grenzen stößt. Das vorliegende Lehr- und Übungsbuch "Chemische Thermodynamik" vermittelt Studierenden im Haupt- und Nebenfach Chemie anschaulich polytrope Zustandsänderungen, Reaktions- und Phasengleichgewichte, Oberflächen und Grenzflächen sowie Verfahren und Vergleich von herkömmlicher und moderner Energiegewinnung und Bioenergetik. Ideal zur Prüfungsvorbereitung sind die rund 500 explizit gelösten Fragen und Aufgaben, u.a. zu idealen und realen Gasen, zur Bioenergetik etc., und der lerndidaktisch förderliche Anspruch auf Parallelität von prägnanter Fassung der Theorie und extensiver fächerintegrierender Übung. Neu in der 4., umfassend überarbeiteten und ergänzten Auflage: - Zusätzliche Kapitel zu schadstofffreien Emissionen, thermischer Analyse und Umwandlungsketten von grünem Wasserstoff als klimaneutraler Brennstoff der deutschen Energiewende. - Zusätzliche Übungsaufgaben und Lösungen. - Optimal zur Prüfungsvorbereitung und darüber hinaus.

Ausgangspunkt des aus einer internationalen Tagung hervorgegangenen Sammelbandes ist die These, dass den Kaiserviten des lateinischen Biographen C. Suetonius Tranquillus nicht nur wertvolle Einblicke in die frühkaiserzeitliche Geschichte zu entnehmen, sondern auch einzigartige literarische Ansprüche zuzuerkennen sind. Zur Überprüfung bedienen sich die acht einander ergänzenden, literaturwissenschaftlich ausgerichteten Beiträge des Bandes des Instrumentariums der Narratologie. Untersucht werden u.a. die Multiperspektivität des biographischen Erzählens und die Doppel- bzw. Mehrfacherzählungen; die Darstellungsart negativer Kaiserbilder; syntaktische Besonderheiten (phrases à rallonge) und literarische Zitate; die wechselseitige Wirkung von Strukturen auf Mikro- und Makroebene. So wird insgesamt ein breiter Überblick über die Erzähltechniken von De vita Caesarum geboten, der ein partiell neues Bild Suetons als Literat entwirft und für Forscher*innen zur antiken Literatur ebenso wie für die Allgemeine Literaturwissenschaft von Interesse sein dürfte. Mit Beiträgen von Nicoletta Bruno, Margherita Fantoli, Edoardo Galfré, Matthias Grandl, Robert Kirstein, Alessio Mancini, Dennis Pausch, Verena Schulz.

Dabei wird die These plausibilisiert, dass Barth angesichts der gesellschaftlichen Säkularisierungsprozesse seiner Zeit eine umfassende christologisch-inklusive Theologie der Welt entwickelte, die von Christi Wirken auch in einer säkularen Gesellschaft ausging - und dass diese Welttheologie in Barths Denken zur Ausbildung charakteristischer Stärken und Schwächen geführt hat.

Migration, in its many forms, has often been found at the center of public and private discourse surrounding German nationalism and identity, significantly influencing how both states construct conceptions of what it means to be "German" at any given place and time. The attempt at constructing an ethnically homogeneous Third Reich was shattered by the movement of refugees, expellees, and soldiers in the aftermath of the Second World War, and the contracting of foreign nationals as Gastarbeiter in the Federal Republic and Vertragsarbeiter in the German Democratic Republic in the 1960s and 70s diversified the ethnic landscape of both Cold War German states during the latter half of the Cold War. Bethany Hicks shows how the regional migration of East Germans into the western federal states both during and after German unification challenged essential Cold War assumptions concerning the ability to integrate two very different German populations.

Our understanding of CS Peirce, and his semiotics, is largely influenced by a twentieth century perspective that prioritizes the sign as a cultural artifact, or as one that that 'distorts', in some way, our understanding of the empirical world. Such a perspective will always undermine appreciation of Peirce as a philosopher who viewed signs as the very mechanisms that enable us to understand reality through concept formation. The key to this repositioning of Peirce is to place his work in the broad frame of Hegelian philosophy. This book evaluates, in detail, the parallels that exist between Peircean and Hegelian thought, highlighting their convergences and also the points at which Peirce departs from Hegel's position. It also considers the work of Vygotsky on concept formation showing that both are, in fact, working within the same Hegelian template. This book, therefore, contributes to our broader understanding of Peircean semiotics. But by drawing in Vygotsky, under the same theoretical auspices, it demonstrates that Peirce has much to offer contemporary educational learning theory.

Sentence (1) represents the phenomenon of reported thought, (2) that of reported speech: (1) Sasha thought: "This is fine" or Sasha thought that this would be fine (2) Sasha said: "This is fine" or Sasha said that this would be fine While sentences as in (1) have often been discussed in the context of those in (2) the former have rarely received specific attention. This has meant that much of the semantic and structural complexity, cross-linguistic variation, as well as the precise relation between (1) and (2) and related phenomena have remained unstudied. Addressing this gap, this volume represents the first collection of studies specifically dedicated to reported thought. It introduces a wide variety of cross-linguistic examples of the phenomenon and brings together authors from linguistic typology, corpus and interactional linguistics, and formal and functional theories of syntax to shed light on how talking about thoughts can become grammar in the languages of the world. The book should be of interest to linguists, philosophers of language, linguistic anthropologists and communication specialists seeking to understand topics at the boundary of stylistics and morphosyntax, as well as the grammar of epistemicity.

This is the first comprehensive work on word and sentence prosody in Koshikijima Japanese, a dialect of Japanese not fully documented in the literature. It is an endangered dialect spoken by about 2,000 speakers on a small southern island in Japan. Being separated from mainland dialects by the sea, this dialect exhibits unique prosodic features not shared by other Japanese dialects. It also exhibits considerable regional variations among the ten or more small villages that were isolated from each other until recently.Based on the author's fieldwork, the book analyzes word accent and intonation, the two linguistic areas in which this endangered dialect exhibits unique features and remarkable regional variations within itself. They include the emergence and development of a secondary H tone, postlexical deletion of the primary H tone, and the L boundary tone in question and vocative intonation. These phenomena bear crucially on general issues in prosody, including postlexical tonal neutralizations, competitions between lexical and postlexical tones, and the number of tones that a syllable can maximally bear. The book thus demonstrates the relevance of studying an endangered language/dialect in general linguistic contexts.

This book presents a state-of-the-art cross-linguistic survey of applicative constructions in the functional-typological tradition. An introductory section sets the terminological and analytical stage, presents the methodology used by the different chapters, and provides a typological outlook. The individual contributions address the morphological, syntactic and semantic variation of applicatives, as well as their discourse-pragmatic function. They cover all major language families and some isolates that feature some illuminating version of the phenomenon, paying special attention to language-internal variation and unity. The phenomena surveyed range from those instances usually considered canonical (valency-increasing, syntactically and semantically predictable, productive, dedicated, and optional) to those occasionally understudied in descriptive works and frequently neglected in comparative studies (valency-neutral, rather unpredictable, lexicalized, syncretic, and/or obligatory).

The past decades public interest in history is booming. This creates new opportunities but also challenges for professional historians. This book asks how historians deal with changing public demands for history and how these affect their professional practices, values and identities. The volume offers a great variety of detailed studies of cases where historians have applied their expertise outside the academic sphere. With contributions focusing on Latin America, Africa, Asia, the Pacific and Europe the book has a broad geographical scope. Subdivided in five sections, the book starts with a critical look back on some historians who broke with mainstream academic positions by combining their professional activities with an explicit political partisanship or social engagement. The second section focusses on the challenges historians are confronted with when entering the court room or more generally exposing their expertise to legal frameworks. The third section focuses on the effects of policy driven demands as well as direct political interventions and regulations on the historical profession. A fourth section looks at the challenges and opportunities related to the rise of new digital media. Finally several authors offer their view on normative standards that may help to better respond to new demands and to define role models for publicly engaged historians. This book aims at historians and other academics interested in public uses of history.

Representing Phonological DetailPart I: Segmental Structure and RepresentationsPart II: Syllable, Stress and Sign Part II of Representing Phonological Detail focuses on the latest phonological research on suprasegmental structure and sign language. The first main theme in this volume is syllable structure, touching on phonotactics, syllabification, gemination, syllable weight, diphthongization, and other rules. The other main theme is tone and stress, including issues in data collection, the assignment of primary and secondary stress, resolution of stress clashes, lexical accent, and syntax-tone interaction. The final section is on sign language, with special attention paid to iconicity, phonological processes, and the relation between phonetic and phonological representation.