Books in the New Mathematical Monographs series

This is the definitive account of the resolution of the Kervaire invariant problem, a major milestone in algebraic topology. It develops all the machinery that is needed for the proof, and details many explicit constructions and computations performed along the way, making it suitable for graduate students as well as experts in homotopy theory.

This is a comprehensive, expository introduction to intersection homology, an important modern research area in the mathematical field of topology. The book is written to be accessible to graduate students in topology and researchers from other fields, and is suitable both as an introduction and as a thorough reference.

Factorization algebras are local-to-global objects that play a role in classical and quantum field theory that is similar to the role of sheaves in geometry: they conveniently organize complicated information. Their local structure encompasses examples like associative and vertex algebras; in these examples, their global structure encompasses Hochschild homology and conformal blocks. In this second volume, the authors show how factorization algebras arise from interacting field theories, both classical and quantum, and how they encode essential information such as operator product expansions, Noether currents, and anomalies. Along with a systematic reworking of the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism via derived geometry and factorization algebras, this book offers concrete examples from physics, ranging from angular momentum and Virasoro symmetries to a five-dimensional gauge theory.

This is the first book in English on Bruhat-Tits theory, an important topic in number theory, representation theory, and algebraic geometry. A comprehensive account of the theory, it can serve both as a reference for researchers in the field and as a thorough introduction for graduate students and early career mathematicians.

Ideal for researchers and graduate students at the interface between mathematics and physics, this two-volume set discusses factorization algebras. The first volume highlights examples exhibiting their use in field theory, while the second develops quantum field theory from the ground up using a rich mix of modern mathematics.

This book gives an authoritative treatment of the Verlinde formula for the dimension of conformal blocks, including a complete proof and the connection to generalized theta functions. It will be of interest to senior graduate students and researchers in geometry, representation theory and theoretical physics.

This monograph answers the need for a unified account of the basic theory of unitary group representations, combined with new results, in a style that is broadly accessible for both graduate students and researchers.

Symmetrization is a rich area of mathematical analysis whose history reaches back to antiquity. This book presents many aspects of the theory, including symmetric decreasing rearrangement and circular and Steiner symmetrization in Euclidean spaces, spheres and hyperbolic spaces. Many energies, frequencies, capacities, eigenvalues, perimeters and function norms are shown to either decrease or increase under symmetrization. The book begins by focusing on Euclidean space, building up from two-point polarization with respect to hyperplanes. Background material in geometric measure theory and analysis is carefully developed, yielding self-contained proofs of all the major theorems. This leads to the analysis of functions defined on spheres and hyperbolic spaces, and then to convolutions, multiple integrals and hypercontractivity of the Poisson semigroup. The author's 'star function' method, which preserves subharmonicity, is developed with applications to semilinear PDEs. The book concludes with a thorough self-contained account of the star function's role in complex analysis, covering value distribution theory, conformal mapping and the hyperbolic metric.

Over 100 years ago Harald Bohr identified a deep problem about the convergence of Dirichlet series. In recent years there has been a substantial revival of interest in this topic, and the goal of this book is to describe in detail some of its key elements to a wide audience.

This first monograph on spectral spaces will be useful for graduates and researchers in mathematics and theoretical computer science who want to connect algebra and logic with geometric concepts. It is a systematic introduction and at the same time a reference source that leads up to the frontiers of current research.

This 2007 book provides a comprehensive treatment of Floer homology, based on the Seiberg-Witten equations. Suitable for beginning graduate students and researchers in the field, this book provides a full discussion of a central part of the study of the topology of manifolds.

Factorization algebras are local-to-global objects that play a role in classical and quantum field theory which is similar to the role of sheaves in geometry: they conveniently organize complicated information. Their local structure encompasses examples like associative and vertex algebras; in these examples, their global structure encompasses Hochschild homology and conformal blocks. In this first volume, the authors develop the theory of factorization algebras in depth, but with a focus upon examples exhibiting their use in field theory, such as the recovery of a vertex algebra from a chiral conformal field theory and a quantum group from Abelian Chern-Simons theory. Expositions of the relevant background in homological algebra, sheaves and functional analysis are also included, thus making this book ideal for researchers and graduates working at the interface between mathematics and physics.

Discriminant equations are an important class of Diophantine equations with close ties to algebraic number theory, Diophantine approximation and Diophantine geometry. This book is the first comprehensive account of discriminant equations and their applications. It brings together many aspects, including effective results over number fields, effective results over finitely generated domains, estimates on the number of solutions, applications to algebraic integers of given discriminant, power integral bases, canonical number systems, root separation of polynomials and reduction of hyperelliptic curves. The authors' previous title, Unit Equations in Diophantine Number Theory, laid the groundwork by presenting important results that are used as tools in the present book. This material is briefly summarized in the introductory chapters along with the necessary basic algebra and algebraic number theory, making the book accessible to experts and young researchers alike.

An H(b) space is defined as a collection of analytic functions which are in the image of an operator. The theory of H(b) spaces bridges two classical subjects: complex analysis and operator theory, which makes it both appealing and demanding. The first volume of this comprehensive treatment is devoted to the preliminary subjects required to understand the foundation of H(b) spaces, such as Hardy spaces, Fourier analysis, integral representation theorems, Carleson measures, Toeplitz and Hankel operators, various types of shift operators, and Clark measures. The second volume focuses on the central theory. Both books are accessible to graduate students as well as researchers: each volume contains numerous exercises and hints, and figures are included throughout to illustrate the theory. Together, these two volumes provide everything the reader needs to understand and appreciate this beautiful branch of mathematics.

Published in two volumes, this is the first book to provide a thorough and systematic explanation of symplectic topology, and the analytical details and techniques used in applying the machinery arising from Floer theory as a whole. Volume 1 covers the basic materials of Hamiltonian dynamics and symplectic geometry and the analytic foundations of Gromov's pseudoholomorphic curve theory. One novel aspect of this treatment is the uniform treatment of both closed and open cases and a complete proof of the boundary regularity theorem of weak solutions of pseudo-holomorphic curves with totally real boundary conditions. Volume 2 provides a comprehensive introduction to both Hamiltonian Floer theory and Lagrangian Floer theory. Symplectic Topology and Floer Homology is a comprehensive resource suitable for experts and newcomers alike.

Spencer Bloch's 1979 Duke lectures, a milestone in modern mathematics, have been out of print almost since their first publication in 1980, yet they have remained influential and are still the best place to learn the guiding philosophy of algebraic cycles and motives. This edition, now professionally typeset, has a new preface by the author giving his perspective on developments in the field over the past 30 years. The theory of algebraic cycles encompasses such central problems in mathematics as the Hodge conjecture and the Bloch-Kato conjecture on special values of zeta functions. The book begins with Mumford's example showing that the Chow group of zero-cycles on an algebraic variety can be infinite-dimensional, and explains how Hodge theory and algebraic K-theory give new insights into this and other phenomena.

Graduate students and researchers alike will benefit from this treatment of classical and modern topics in homotopy theory of topological spaces with an emphasis on cubical diagrams. The book contains 300 examples and provides detailed explanations of many fundamental results. Part I focuses on foundational material on homotopy theory, viewed through the lens of cubical diagrams: fibrations and cofibrations, homotopy pullbacks and pushouts, and the Blakers-Massey Theorem. Part II includes a brief example-driven introduction to categories, limits and colimits, an accessible account of homotopy limits and colimits of diagrams of spaces, and a treatment of cosimplicial spaces. The book finishes with applications to some exciting new topics that use cubical diagrams: an overview of two versions of calculus of functors and an account of recent developments in the study of the topology of spaces of knots.

Analysis on metric spaces emerged in the 1990s as an independent research field providing a unified treatment of first-order analysis in diverse and potentially nonsmooth settings. Based on the fundamental concept of upper gradient, the notion of a Sobolev function was formulated in the setting of metric measure spaces supporting a Poincare inequality. This coherent treatment from first principles is an ideal introduction to the subject for graduate students and a useful reference for experts. It presents the foundations of the theory of such first-order Sobolev spaces, then explores geometric implications of the critical Poincare inequality, and indicates numerous examples of spaces satisfying this axiom. A distinguishing feature of the book is its focus on vector-valued Sobolev spaces. The final chapters include proofs of several landmark theorems, including Cheeger's stability theorem for Poincare inequalities under Gromov-Hausdorff convergence, and the Keith-Zhong self-improvement theorem for Poincare inequalities.

Property (T) is a rigidity property for topological groups, first formulated by D. Kazhdan in the mid 1960's with the aim of demonstrating that a large class of lattices are finitely generated. Later developments have shown that Property (T) plays an important role in an amazingly large variety of subjects, including discrete subgroups of Lie groups, ergodic theory, random walks, operator algebras, combinatorics, and theoretical computer science. This monograph offers a comprehensive introduction to the theory. It describes the two most important points of view on Property (T): the first uses a unitary group representation approach, and the second a fixed point property for affine isometric actions. Via these the authors discuss a range of important examples and applications to several domains of mathematics. A detailed appendix provides a systematic exposition of parts of the theory of group representations that are used to formulate and develop Property (T).

There is now much interplay between studies on logarithmic forms and deep aspects of arithmetic algebraic geometry. New light has been shed, for instance, on the famous conjectures of Tate and Shafarevich relating to abelian varieties and the associated celebrated discoveries of Faltings establishing the Mordell conjecture. This book gives an account of the theory of linear forms in the logarithms of algebraic numbers with special emphasis on the important developments of the past twenty-five years. The first part covers basic material in transcendental number theory but with a modern perspective. The remainder assumes some background in Lie algebras and group varieties, and covers, in some instances for the first time in book form, several advanced topics. The final chapter summarises other aspects of Diophantine geometry including hypergeometric theory and the Andre-Oort conjecture. A comprehensive bibliography rounds off this definitive survey of effective methods in Diophantine geometry.

Detailing the main methods in the theory of involutive systems of complex vector fields this book examines the major results from the last twenty five years in the subject. One of the key tools of the subject - the Baouendi-Treves approximation theorem - is proved for many function spaces. This in turn is applied to questions in partial differential equations and several complex variables. Many basic problems such as regularity, unique continuation and boundary behaviour of the solutions are explored. The local solvability of systems of partial differential equations is studied in some detail. The book provides a solid background for others new to the field and also contains a treatment of many recent results which will be of interest to researchers in the subject.

Diophantine geometry has been studied by number theorists for thousands of years, since the time of Pythagoras, and has continued to be a rich area of ideas such as Fermat's Last Theorem, and most recently the ABC conjecture. This monograph is a bridge between the classical theory and modern approach via arithmetic geometry. The authors provide a clear path through the subject for graduate students and researchers. They have re-examined many results and much of the literature, and give a thorough account of several topics at a level not seen before in book form. The treatment is largely self-contained, with proofs given in full detail. Many results appear here for the first time. The book concludes with a comprehensive bibliography. It is destined to be a definitive reference on modern diophantine geometry, bringing a new standard of rigor and elegance to the field.

During the last two decades several remarkable new results were discovered about harmonic measure in the complex plane. This book provides a careful survey of these results and an introduction to the branch of analysis which contains them. Many of these results, due to Bishop, Carleson, Jones, Makarov, Wolff and others, appear here in paperback for the first time. The book is accessible to students who have completed standard graduate courses in real and complex analysis. The first four chapters provide the needed background material on univalent functions, potential theory, and extremal length, and each chapter has many exercises to further inform and teach the readers.

This book provides a complete and reasonably self-contained account of a new classification of connected Lie groups into two classes. Background material is introduced gradually to familiarise readers with the necessary ideas. A large number of accessible open problems will inspire students to explore further.

Global equivariant homotopy theory is presented in this self-contained book, ideal for graduate students and researchers in algebraic topology. It is a comprehensive research monograph at the forefront of current research, written by a leading expert. The book's many examples and sample calculations make it suitable for an advanced graduate class.

Written by a leading expert in the field, this book presents the classical theory of convergence of semigroups and then uses real examples to show how it can be applied to models of mathematical biology as well as other branches of mathematics.

Published in two volumes, this is the first book to provide a systematic explanation of symplectic topology, and the analytical details and techniques used in applying the machinery arising from Floer theory as a whole. Volume 2 provides a comprehensive introduction to both Hamiltonian Floer theory and Lagrangian Floer theory.

This comprehensive treatment in two volumes is accessible to graduate students as well as researchers. It covers all of the preliminary subjects required to fully understand and appreciate this beautiful branch of mathematics, such as Hardy spaces, Fourier analysis and Carleson measures. Volume 2 focuses on the central theory.

This monograph provides a comprehensive treatment of the theory of pseudo-reductive groups and gives their classification in a usable form. This second edition has been revised and updated, with Chapter 9 being completely rewritten via the useful new notion of 'minimal type' for pseudo-reductive groups.

This categorical perspective on homotopy theory helps consolidate and simplify one's understanding of derived functors, homotopy limits and colimits, and model categories, among others.