Persistent Organic Pollutants in Aquatic Systems

This book provides an in-depth understanding of the classification, toxicity, fate, degradation, and future orientation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in aquatic systems. It presents a concise but comprehensive coverage of the biochemical and toxicologic effects of POPs in marine environments to address how to curb their negative impacts on a global scale. The impacts of climate change on emissions and the fate of POPs are highlighted, as are collection protocols and exposure mechanisms. The key processes that controlled POP's fate, including air-sea exchange, ocean currents, phase distribution, and degradation, are reported. A literature review of polluted aquatic sites is illustrated to accurately measure POP fate, bioaccumulation, remediation, and future preventative measures for improved human and environmental safety. To account for the environmental fate and predict the annual contribution rate of POPs, a "Dynamic Multiple Box Multimedia Fate Model" and a "Temporal-Dynamic Model" were illustrated. A "bibliometric analysis," which reported the trends in the Dirty Dozen in Africa (1949-2021), is highlighted. Many protocols that limit POP emissions are addressed. This included creating or updating national laws and regulations pertaining to POPs and their waste. The book will be useful for students and researchers interested in POPs and pollution in marine environments, as well as agencies engaged in aquatic pollution remediation at local and global scales.