Books published by Springer Nature Singapore

This book comprehensively reviews the relationship between micronutrients and brain in health and diseases. It explains the relationship between micronutrients and brain functions, neurogenesis, and cognitive functions. The book also explores the relationship between micronutrients and brain disorders including depression, epilepsy, PD, and Autism. It further explores the recent advancements in understanding the important role of micronutrients as therapeutics in various brain disorders like TBI and AD. Lastly, it presents an overview of micronutrients as neuroprotective agents along with the main principles of nutrigenomics.

This book examines the history of the political demography of Indonesia. Chronologically, the book begins by introducing the colonization program as a predecessor of transmigration program after independence. The transmigration program, Indonesiäs state policy on migration, is discussed at length in the book but other migration related issues are also presented to show the complex relationship between migration and other social, economic and political issues in Indonesia. In the final chapter, the book discusses the contemporary issues and challenges of disintegration that is facing Indonesia as a nation-state. The book ends with an epilog that shows Indonesiäs political demography challenges in the 21st Century.

This book explains why the finite topological space known as abstract cell complex is important for successful image processing and presents image processing methods based on abstract cell complex, especially for tracing and encoding of boundaries of homogeneous regions. Many examples are provided in the book, some teach you how to trace and encode boundaries in binary, indexed and colour images. Other examples explain how to encode a boundary as a sequence of straight-line segments which is important for shape recognition. A new method of edge detection in two- and three-dimensional images is suggested. Also, a discussion problem is included in the book: A derivative is defined as the limit of the relation of the increment of the function to the increment of the argument as the latter tends to zero. Is it not better to estimate derivatives as the relation of the increment of the function to the optimal increment of the argument instead of taking exceedingly small increment which leads to errors? This book addresses all above questions and provide the answers.

This book highlights a comprehensive introduction of graphene and graphene-based two-dimensional nanomaterials, covering topics from their atomic structures, electronic band structures, and fundamental properties to technological applications. The book provides fundamental physics knowledge covering quantum mechanics, the theory of relativity, solid-state physics, and topology geometry necessary to understand electronic band structure of graphene. Other topics including microscopy techniques and preparation methods of graphene are also presented. Adopting an easy-to-read style, the book is a valuable resource for researchers in physics, chemistry, materials science, and engineers who are interested in the field of graphene-based nanomaterials.

This book is a comprehensive account of recent advances in the endophytic research. It covers recent perspective of endophytic research, molecular diversity, bioprospecting of novel genes using high throughput molecular techniques, and most importantly application of endophytes in practicing sustainable agriculture. Endophytic micro-organisms are mysterious living component associated mutually with plant roots and soil microbes. Various endophytic bacteria have attracted considerable attention for their ability to promote plant growth through direct mechanisms or by acting as biocontrol agents. Endophytes also find use in biocontrol, medicine, agriculture and food industry. This is a useful reading for the student of agriculture, environmental microbiology and biotechnology.

In this book, ten substantive chapters examine how collisions between technological developments (globalizing forces) and thickening populist pressures (localizing dynamics) constantly keep reinventing the state in unforeseen and unpredictable ways. We learn of how international organizations have fared, and to what extent grass-roots grumbles have impacted big-picture developments in quite diverse parts of the world. Just placing unfolding crises under the microscope cannot but generate policy-solving observations. Treated in corresponding order, these crises revolve around adjusting international institutions; absorbing current populist outbursts; shifting from peacekeeping to peacemaking; spying in the global south; absorbing displaced persons; Rwandan land reform; pandemic and RMG readjustments; Bangladesh's democratic transition; Rohingyan-Syrian refugees; and Mexico's 1990s liberalization. Though overarching, observations in the book accent state strength battling with state porosity; the downward spiraling of global order; and the simple lack of any controlling mechanism against globalizing/localizing dynamics in the trenches of everyday life being matched by continued uncertainty on the analytical plane.

This book provides a feminist, critical study of how gender power relations are played out through and across multiple mediated arenas in contemporary Jordan. It departs from an understanding of women's status in Jordan as a highly charged subject, and a view of the media as not just a locale where tensions play out, but also an important arena for contestation and resistance. The book examines the dynamic relationship between women and the media in Jordan as it manifests at three key levels: labour, representation, and activism. To do so, it engages with wider issues: the political economy of the media, regulatory and legal frameworks, Jordanian women's economic participation, the history of Jordanian feminist activism, gender-based violence, and the political context of the Arab Spring in Jordan. Through choice case studies, the book unpacks the complex role of legal, political, and social factors in shaping women's relationship to the media. It centres women's experiences and highlights their agency, disobedience, and efforts to negotiate and resist the limitations imposed by Jordanian patriarchy and, in doing so, it illustrates how gender, power, and resistance interplay through and within Jordanian media.

This book presents a comprehensive account of the renormalization-group (RG) method and its extension, the doublet scheme, in a geometrical point of view. It extract long timescale macroscopic/mesoscopic dynamics from microscopic equations in an intuitively understandable way rather than in a mathematically rigorous manner and introduces readers to a mathematically elementary, but useful and widely applicable technique for analyzing asymptotic solutions in mathematical models of nature. The book begins with the basic notion of the RG theory, including its connection with the separation of scales. Then it formulates the RG method as a construction method of envelopes of the naive perturbative solutions containing secular terms, and then demonstrates the formulation in various types of evolution equations. Lastly, it describes successful physical examples, such as stochastic and transport phenomena including second-order relativistic as well as nonrelativistic fluid dynamics with causality and transport phenomena in cold atoms, with extensive numerical expositions of transport coefficients and relaxation times. Requiring only an undergraduate-level understanding of physics and mathematics, the book clearly describes the notions and mathematical techniques with a wealth of examples. It is a unique and can be enlightening resource for readers who feel mystified by renormalization theory in quantum field theory.

This book consists of selected and presented papers from the 2022 12th International Conference on Environment Science and Engineering (ICESE 2022), which was held in Beijing, China, during September 2¿5, 2022. The conference brought together innovative academicians and industrial experts in the field of environmental science and engineering in a common forum to promote their research and developmental activities. It also facilitated interchanging scientific information between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working abroad. The book includes topics such as environmental sustainability, sustainable cities, environmental restoration and ecological engineering, water resources and river basin management, water treatment and reclamation, air pollution and control, atmospheric physics, carbon capture and storage, waste minimization, and resource management, among others. This book is a valuable reference for those who work in these fields in academia and industry.

This book highlights the preparation and characterization of efficient electromagnetic shielding composites containing bio-carbon derived from natural loofah with unique three-dimensional porous structures by means of entire structure design of composites according to shielding theory. The synergistic effect of multifunctional nanoparticles and bio-carbon on electromagnetic shielding mechanism, mechanical performance, and thermal stability of composites obtained has been holistically investigated. The discovery of this renewable, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive bio-carbon represents a new class of conductive materials with multi-interfaces and unravels further research and development of a wide variety of new electromagnetic shielding material systems with potential commercial applications ranging from electronic devices to energy management.¿

This book introduces the FPGA technology used in the laboratory sessions, and provides a step-by-step guide for designing and simulation of digital circuits. It utilizes the VHDL language, which is one of the most common language used to describe the design of digital systems. The Quartus II, Xilinx ISE 14.7 and ModelSim software are used to process the VHDL code and make simulations, and then the Altera and Xilinx FPGA platforms are employed to implement the simulated digital designs. The book is composed of four parts. The first part of this book has two chapters and covers various aspects: FPGA architectures, ASIC vs FPGA comparison, FPGA design flow and basic VHDL concepts necessary to describe the design of digital systems. The second part of the book includes three chapters that deal with the design of digital circuits such as combinational logic circuits, sequential logic circuits and finite state machines. The third part of the book is reserved for laboratory projects carried out on the FPGA platform. It is a largely hands-on lab class for design digital circuits and implementing their designs on the Altera FPGA platform. Finally, the fourth part of this work is devoted to recent applications carried out on FPGAs, in particular advanced techniques in renewable energy systems. The book is primarily intended for students, scholars, and industrial practitioners interested in the design of modern digital systems.

This edited book is written by six authors from Asia and Africa. The individual authors focus on their own country's case or cases that they have been working on. The book features local conflicts in six countries in Asia and Africa and identifies how the local conflicts are affected by the forces of globalization. Cases include Nigeria's oil-related conflicts, the Democratic Republic of Congo's timber conflicts, continuing instability in Mozanbique, Thailand's conflict with regard to AIDS medicine, Myanmar's local conflicts after its reforms, and the Afghanistan's conflicts over minerals.  From these diverse case studies, the book examines how globalization and international politics affect local politics and conflicts, and vice versa. Even seemingly internal conflicts are shown to be significantly influenced by globalization forces and to create new dynamism in local politics. While there are other books that explore globalization and conflicts, many of them are conceptually organized with a small number of case studies. The present volume examines local conflicts in relation to globalization and demonstrates how structural inequality vis-a-vis weak stateness and statehood are significantly affected by global political economy.

This book examines the changing influences of diversity in American higher education. The volume offers evidence and recommendations to positively shape inclusive learning and engagement of students, faculty, staff and community across the complex terrains of urban, suburban, and rural organizations within higher education today. Chapters highlight critical collaborations across student affairs and academic affairs, and delve into milestones addressing access, retention, engagement, and thriving within distinctive institutional types (e.g., research, liberal arts, community colleges, Minority Serving Institutions). Authors also explore the nuanced changes occurring against the contemporary backdrop of COVID-19 experiences - including the rise of anti-Asian racism, the salience of implicit biases, and the disparate access to and impacts of health services. Essential chapters refocus our consideration about the trajectories of  historically underrepresented groups and their peers (including, African Americans, Hispanic/Latino, Indigenous people, individuals with disabilities and those identifying as LGBTQ+, undocumented students, and women) in American higher education.

This book considers gender as a convenient tool for making new boundaries within the European Union. It offers a political analysis based on sociological surveys conveyed by the author in 2008¿2021. It emphasises the utmost necessity of a proper understanding of specific gender political technologies applied in ethnic and religious diasporas within the EU borders, by EU ruling elites, to avoid ideological collapse in relations with diaspora political groups and general members. The book demonstrates that uncritical application of EU gender equality programs within diasporas may transform gender to a dangerous political force destabilising the European Union. The monograph will be of interest for political science researchers, legislators, and administrators that work with political dimension of gender.

The book starts from the existed problems in fault analysis of the lumped-parameter circuit model. It firstly introduces the basic electromagnetic phenomenon, uniform transmission line guided electromagnetic waves, multi-conductor system guided electromagnetic waves, fault generated travelling waves; then it introduces series of the traveling waves based protections, which includes principle, technology and application in practical power grid; it also discusses the travelling waves based fault location and the travelling waves based fault feeder selector in China. It systemically reveals the essential features of the fault traveling wave and concludes the analytical solutions of the transient fault traveling waves and the modulus maxima representation of the dyadic wavelet transform of fault traveling waves. Finally, the book analyzes the acquisition of traveling waves and the sensor¿s characteristics. A unique fault travelling wave test device has been invented based on the theories of the book and will be applied in real systems.

Since 2014, and the start of the New-type Urbanization Plan (NUP), we see a turning point in the sustainability agenda of China. One of the main indicators is greening cities and the built environments, which will be covered holistically in this edited book. From the perspective of green infrastructure, in particular, the book approaches key areas of ¿forest city development¿, ¿sponge city program¿, ¿green roofing¿, ¿nature-based solutions¿, ¿urban farming¿, ¿eco-city development¿, etc. This is the first time that such important areas of research come together under the perspective of green Infrastructure. The results would be beneficial to policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in China and across the globe. The comprehensive set of findings from this book will benefit other countries, as we aim to highlight some of the best practices of the current age.The main aim of the book is to put together an excellent group of scholars and practitioners from the field, focusing on the topic of ¿Green Infrastructure in Chinese Cities¿. In doing so, we aim to cover some of the key ¿best practices¿ for sustainable urbanism. Divided into four parts, the book covers four key areas of (1) Policy Interventions, (2) Planning Innovation, (3) Design Solutions, and (4) Technical Integration. In doing so, we cover an array of best practices related to green infrastructures of various types and their impacts on cities and communities in China.We expect the book to be a valuable resource for researchers in the areas of sustainability, urbanism, urban planning, urban geography, urban design, geographical sciences, environmental sciences, landscape architecture, and urban ecology. The book covers essential factors such as policy, regulations, and programs (in Part 1), planning paradigms and their impacts on urban development (in Part 2), integrated design solutions that suggest sustainable urbanization progression (in Part 3), and technical knowledge that would be utilized for the future development of green infrastructure practices in China and beyond. Lastly, this edited book aims to provide a collaborative opportunity for experts and researchers of the field, who could contribute to the future pathways of sustainable urbanization of China. Lessons extracted from these contributions could be utilized for other contexts, which will benefit a wider group of stakeholders.

This book presents a rich selection of 36 real-world cases on how organizations in China explore the new growth pattern, business model innovation, and digital transformation in digital era. The topic of cases varies from digital marketing and Internet brands, the growth of digital platforms, digital transformation and the industrial Internet of things, strategies for cross-border e-commerce companies, and business model innovation in digital era, etc. These cases stem from a diverse set of industry sectors, reporting on best practices and lessons learned. The book shows how organizations strive to find new ways to develop and create new paths to grow in a digital world and shares essential practical insights into digital economy. All cases are presented in a standardized structure in order to provide valuable insights and essential guidance for practitioners, scholars as well as general readers.

This book highlights the results of numerical computer-aided smart methods as part of a comprehensive statistical, correlated, and fractal analysis of laser polarimetry. It includes a comprehensive approach to differentiation of lifelong or postmortem origin of injuries and determination of their antiquity based on the analysis of statistical and spatiotemporal frequency evolution of photometric, polarization, and phase parameters of laser images of histological sections of the skin of biomannequins. It discusses the relationship between the coordinate distributions of the intensity of laser images from skin tissues of biomannequins and the nature of its damage. It presents the analysis of relationships between changes in the mean and variance of coordinate distributions of azimuths and ellipticity of polarization images of histological skin sections and the time intervals after injury. Complex differentiation of lifelong and postmortem skin injuries of biomannequins and establishment of their time intervals throughout the entire monitoring interval of changes in the mean and variance of coordinate distributions of phase shifts between orthogonal components of the amplitude of laser images of a series of corresponding histological sections are also presented in this book.

This book presents a unique approach to developing lightweight feedstock material for 3D printing of structural components for weight-sensitive structural applications across aerospace, automobile, and marine regimes. In addition to making wide feedstock materials choices available for AM industry, the content also presents a novel approach of 3D printing of lightweight core sandwich composites, all at once. It discusses the process of fused filament fabrication (FFF) as one of the most widely used additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to fabricate lightweight complex functional parts with zero tooling cost, lower energy, and reduced material consumption. The chapters presented in this book deal with a special class of lightweight feedstock material development, synthesis of the developed filaments, optimization of 3D printing parameters on a commercially available FFF-based printer, mechanical and dynamic property investigations of prints, and finally demonstration of 3D-printed industrial-scale lightweight components. This book guides students, researchers, and industrial professionals in lightweight materials design and development.

This book contains important words and terminologies of the core subjects in mechanical engineering such as engineering mechanics, strength of materials, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, IC engines, heat and mass transfer, refrigeration and air-conditioning, manufacturing processes, theory of machines, industrial engineering and management, electric vehicles, etc. that are explained in a concise and lucid manner. The contents also touch upon some terminologies of basic science subjects. This dictionary is an easy-to-use and a practical resource which will be highly useful for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, and industry professionals in the field of mechanical engineering.

This book highlights recent research and advances in natural product chemistry written by promising young researchers in this field who have played a central role for recent innovative advancements.The book consists of seventeen chapters covering novel bioactive natural products, uncovering life phenomena with natural products, biosynthesis of natural products, total synthesis of complex natural products by innovative strategies, and drug discovery using natural products. Each chapter begins with a brief and easy-to-understand introduction, then presents the cutting-edge research in each individual specialty.This book is not only a practical and essential reference resource for natural product chemists, medicinal chemists, synthetic organic chemists, biochemists, pharmacologists, as well as the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries, but is also a useful guide to understanding new and emerging trends in this field.

The book showcases the newest research on smart nanoplatforms responding to ¿hypoxiä; an omnipresent pathological feature of many modern-day diseases and its potential applications. The book demonstrates the versatility of hypoxia targeted smart nanoplatforms in disease management in diverse pathological settings presented in chapters contributed by various experts in the field. The themes in the book touch upon critical facets to address pathological hypoxia such as nanomaterials enhancing oxygenation, hypoxia responsive nanoformulations which deliver the drug directly to the hypoxic site, limited toxicity and enhanced efficacy of smart nanoformulations to counter molecular consequences of hypoxia, and theranostics combining hypoxia detection systems with drug delivery systems. This book disseminates the current implications of smart nanomaterials in disease management that can be exploited by scholars, researchers, and pharma industries to develop, manufacture, and commercialize hypoxia targeted diagnostics and therapeutics.

This book highlights the current state of the art in magnetophoretic circuits and their use in the emerging field of single-cell analysis. This interdisciplinary topic involves many fields of science including cellular biology, drug screening, cancer research, personalized medicine, microfabrication, biomedical microdevices, and lab-on-a-chip. This book not only provides the required fundamental knowledge and background needed in magnetics and the circuit theory but also describes the idea of magnetophoretic circuits as well as the cutting-edge developed technologies. It provides a sufficient background in i) the required theory in magnetics, ii) SCAs in general, iii) the circuit theory, iv) the developed idea of the magnetophoretic circuits, v) the fabrication process and magnetic cell labeling techniques, vi) the magnetophoretic-based SCA tools, and vii) the bio-applications. Methods for performing simulations as well as designing, fabricating, and running experiments are explained.Author of the book is one of the inventors of some of the ideas and the author/co-author of some of the related articles in high-impact journals. The book appeals to the readers interested in clinical applications as well as the ones interested in its technical aspects. It is beneficial for researchers interested in the field of single-cell analysis from various disciplines including biomedical engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, materials science, and cellular biology.

This book introduces emergency management of barrier lakes systematically,including theories and practices, risk assessment under extremely high-riskconditions, evolution of outburst floods, analysis of anti-impact stability, andemergency management technology and assessment of risk elimination effect.It takes the Tangjiashan barrier lake as a successful case study toillustrate effective treatment of barrier lake with high risks, poor environmentalconditions, extremely urgent rescue time and high disposal difficulties. Itretains a large number of images and data of great research value for the lakerisk assessment and building technological emergency system. It provides areliable reference for the government, scientific researchers and survey anddesign team to deal with the sudden natural disaster in barrier lakes,especially caused by huge earthquake.

The book presents selected papers from NIELIT's International Conference on Communication, Electronics and Digital Technology (NICE-DT 2023) held during February 10¿11, 2023, in New Delhi, India. The book covers state-of-the-art research insights on artificial intelligence, machine learning, big data, data analytics, cyber security and forensic, network and mobile security, advance computing, cloud computing, quantum computing, VLSI and semiconductors, electronics system, Internet of Things, robotics and automations, blockchain and software technology, digital technologies for future, assistive technology for divyangjan (people with disabilities) and Strategy for Digital Skilling for building a global Future Ready workforce.

This book presents high-quality peer-reviewed articles from the 2nd International Conference on Biomass Utilization and Sustainable Energy 2022 (ICoBiomasSE 2022) organized by the Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization (COEBU), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Malaysia. The theme of the conference ¿Emerging Technology for Future Sustainability¿ is chosen in view of the current revolution and rapid developments in the field of biomass innovation towards sustainable development. The contents are broadly divided into five parts: (1) sustainable biomass resources for decarbonizing the economy, (2) biomass conversion technologies for bioenergy and biofuels, (3) biomass conversion to intermediates and products, (4) bioeconomy sustainability, impacts and policies and (5) bioenergy integration. It provides a platform for students, professionals, researchers, academicians, policymakers and industries working in the areas of biomass utilization and sustainable energy to solve long-standing environmental issues for a healthier planet.¿

This book seeks to trace the notarial history of China from 1902 to 1979. While working on this trailblazing effort, the author taps into a rich variety of artifacts, especially the notarial documents, archived records, manuals and journals from private collection or originally issued by Chinäs judicial authorities during different periods. No similar book has been published so far. Many of these items are taken from old publications and notarial documents that the author purchased from grass-root vendors. The book complements the text with illustrations, and the descriptions of the same articles are consistent throughout narrative. Even more remarkable is that many rare notarial historical materials in Chinese and foreign languages are available for the first time. This book is a must-read for researchers and students need in their understanding of Chinäs judicial system or Chinäs history. It gives a complete introduction to the development and evolution of Chinäs notarial system, which has great reference value for those who study this subject.