Books published by Springer Verlag, Singapore

This book offers a considered voice on the advertising chaos that colours our rapidly changing media environment in a world of fake news, fast facts and seriously depleted attention stamina.

This book highlights the main features of shipbuilding management which lead to successful completion of shipbuilding projects. Building a ship is a complex project, so the principles of project management are described, first in general terms and then with specific reference to their application in shipbuilding.

This book illustrates how to design and implement co-creation, a powerful form of collective creativity that harnesses the potential of teams and can generate breakthrough insights.

Moreover, the book presents procedures for the fatigue life assessment of HFMI-improved welded joints based on nominal stress, structural hot spot stress and effective notch stress.

This book describes the concept, characteristics, methodology, design, management, business, recent advances and future technologies of plant factories with artificial lighting (PFAL) and indoor vertical farms.The third wave of PFAL business started in around 2010 in Japan and Taiwan, and in USA and Europe it began in about 2013 after the rapid advances in LED technology. The book discusses the basic and advanced developments in recent PFALs and future smart PFALs that emerged in 2016.There is an emerging interest around the globe in smart PFAL R&D and business, which are expected to play an important role in urban agriculture in the coming decades. It is also expected that they will contribute to solving the trilemma of food, environment and natural resources with increasing urban populations and decreasing agricultural populations and arable land area.Current obstacles to successful PFAL R&D and business are: 1) no well-accepted concepts and methodology for PFAL design and management, 2) lack of understanding of the environmental effects on plant growth and development and hydroponics among engineers; 3) lack of understanding of the technical and engineering aspects of PFAL among horticulturists; 4) lack of knowledge of the technical challenges and opportunities in future PFAL businesses among business professionals, policy makers, and investors and 5) lack of a suitable textbook on the recent advances in PFAL technologies and business for graduate students and young researchers. This book covers all the aspects of successful smart PFAL R & D and business. 

The comprehensive volume delves into the discursive valences and contingencies of resistance. It examines key issues and situations within the complex power dynamics of various cultures, societies, nations, and ethnicities. It explores the varying meanings of resistance in different contexts with analyses of select literary texts from various works of literature worldwide that range from Tribal writings in English and Nepalese literature to British literature and American literature. It evaluates various factors, including structure, situation, context, culture, agency, place, motives, ideology and oppression within the discourse of resistance. It emphasizes the cultural relevance of the study of resistance across a range of fields, such as postcolonialism, feminism, ecocriticism, gender relations and sexuality, myth and folklore, existentialism, cultural studies, rural feminism, trauma theory and violence, globalization, ethnicity and identity, child trafficking and third gender issues, subalternity and marginality. The book covers the genres of novels, poetry, autobiography, and short stories. It investigates the potency of these literary forms as cultural expressions of resistance. It is an essential read for students, researchers, and teachers worldwide who are enthusiastic and curious about the meanings and contexts of resistance and its representations in literature.

This book discusses the underlying metaphors of some important business principles and terms and positive teaching effects from deliberately implanting those metaphors in business lessons. It introduces original metaphors creatively used in live webcast courses which introduce difficult economic concepts to netizens. The deliberate metaphor is considered to represent a new dimension of metaphor, the communicative dimension. The book explores the communicative effect of deliberate metaphors and proves its effectiveness in teaching difficult business concepts.This book explores different uses of deliberate metaphors designed to support the teaching of business concepts and discusses two teaching experiments done to explore their effectiveness. Results showed that a focused design using deliberate metaphors in the lectures improved test performance, while a scattered design using deliberate metaphors used in lectures significantly increased students' interest in the lectures.

In the context of India-Taiwan relations, this book investigates the convergence of science, technology, and diplomacy (S&TD). It dives into the changing environment of digital breakthroughs and their influence on India-Taiwan bilateral collaboration. It explores existing problems, possibilities, and tactics involved in using science and technology (S&T) as major tools of diplomacy, with an emphasis on India-Taiwan diplomatic ties. The book primarily focuses on India-Taiwan bilateral ties in the framework of science, technology, and innovation (STI). It investigates how these two nations negotiate diplomatic channels and collaborate on scientific and technological projects in the digital age, with a case study on the linkages of adoption, competition, and diplomacy for 5G technology. It sheds light on the hurdles that must be overcome, the geopolitical influences at work, and the possibilities for mutually beneficial relationships in this quickly changing scene. The book's scope also includes policy analysis, case studies, and future projections to provide a thorough picture of India-Taiwan ties in science and technology diplomacy (S&TD). The goal is to provide a comprehensive resource for policymakers, scholars, diplomats, and anyone else interested in the dynamics of science and technology diplomacy (S&TD) between Taiwan and India in the digital era.Dr Ramnath Reghunadhan is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Social Sciences in School of Social Sciences and Languages (SSL), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore Campus, India. The areas of research and teaching include Science, Technology and Innovation (STI); International Relations; Public Policy; Administration and Governance; Cyber Politics; India-Taiwan; Digitalisation; Global Political Economy; and National Security.

This book examines how emerging environmental challenges are situated within existing International Relations (IR) theoretical understandings of 'security'. As governments in the Global South undertake policy interventions to mitigate the impact of increasing climatic changes and yearn to achieve human-nature harmony, one can observe similar patterns of responses chiefly due to the ecology-economy dichotomy in these states and their societies. In this context, it brings to the readers various aspects of the theory and practice of state interventions in the form of environmental securitization in the Global South majorly under four themes (encompassing theory and policy processes). Chapters in this volume explicate connections between the environment and International Relations Theory, securitization in developing countries, state society and the environment in India and China and lastly, public participation and environmental policymaking. It presents a comprehensive and coherent overview of the politics of securitization in India and China, two prominent economies in the Global South. Faculty and researchers who work on non-western International Relations theory and non-traditional security threats, policy practitioners and experts in environmental policymaking, and students of IR and Comparative Politics, chiefly, will benefit from this book.Dr Joe Thomas Karackattu is Associate Professor with the Humanities and Social Sciences Department at Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India. He was "CISLI Fellow" (2017-19) at the New School, New York and "Fox Fellow" (2008-09) at Yale University.Dr Justin Joseph currently works as Assistant Professor at the School of Social Sciences and Languages (SSL), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Chennai Campus, India.Dr Ramnath Reghunadhan is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Social Sciences in School of Social Sciences and Languages (SSL), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore Campus, India.

This book examines the lasting impact of the 2006 Winter Olympics on the city of Turin and the Piedmont region. From urban renewal and pedestrianization to regional transport networks, tourism, and citizen participation, the book highlights the key elements that constitute the enduring Olympic legacy of the Turin Winter Games. It showcases how the city created a new image of itself internationally, transforming Turin from a car-centric industrial hub to a sustainable and vibrant metropolis. Turin was the first Olympic city to pioneer efforts in implementing environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable planning. Bringing together scholars from OMERO, the interdepartmental research center on "Urban and Event Studies" of the University of Turin and from other research centers that have extensively studied the Turin 2006 event, this book offers valuable insights into the long-term impact of hosting the Olympics and the innovative practices that constitute a significant legacy of the Turin Winter Games. Egidio Dansero is Full Professor of Political and Economic Geography at the University of Turin, past Director of OMERO (University of Turin) and President of the Society for Geographical Studies (Florence, Italy).Valerio Della Sala is an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Geography at the Autonomous University of Barcelona; member of the Organizing Committee of the Sport Research Institute (IRE-UAB) of the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, and of OMERO (University of Turin).

This Wi-Fi 7 technology book serves as an essential and comprehensive professional reference for the academics and industry professionals, covering the entire Wi-Fi series across various generations. It offers a primary focus on the latest advancements in industrial Wi-Fi 7 principles and specifications. Additionally, the book provides valuable insights into innovative strategies for Wi-Fi 7 product development strategies, testing methodologies, and diverse applications across industrial and home environments. It serves as a practical resource for those planning to adopt Wi-Fi 7 technology in the design and development processes.By reading this book, you will not only gain insights into the state-of-the-art of Wi-Fi 7 technology, but also develop a deep understanding of the origins, the process of developing Wi-Fi 7 products, various applications and solutions where Wi-Fi 7 can be utilized, and the current state of the industry in relation to Wi-Fi 7 technology compared to the other wireless technologies. Each section of this book follows a systematic approach, beginning with an introduction to the technology concept and offering numerous concrete examples for illustration purpose. Abundant diagrams and pictures have been included in the book's design to facilitate clear and quick comprehension of the topics for readers.

This book on privatization in Pakistan stands out due to its comprehensive and multifaceted approach towards examining the process, impact, and implications of privatizing state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The book provides an in-depth discussion on privatization in Pakistan which revolves around the historical context, contemporary challenges, and opportunities. It mainly covers the discussion on the rationale behind privatization, evolution of privatization policies, case studies of major privatizations, legal frameworks, and the role of public-private partnerships (PPPs). Along with exploratory analysis, this book also includes the first detailed empirical analysis and case studies to provide evidence-based insights into the performance and efficiency of privatized SOEs. Through exploratory and empirical analysis, and examination of key privatization cases, readers gain valuable insights into the real-world outcomes of privatization efforts in Pakistan. This book will be of interest to scholars of Asian economics, development economics and the future of the Eurasian region.Dr. Ghulam Samad is a Chief of Research Division at the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) Institute, ADB. Before joining CAREC Institute, Dr. Samad was a Senior Research Economist at the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE), Ministry of Planning, Development and Special Initiatives. Dr. Samad also served as an Economist at the Planning Commission of Pakistan. Dr. Samad holds a Ph.D. in Economics from Colorado State University, USA.Dr. Naseem Faraz is the Deputy Economic Adviser at the Economic Adviser's Wing, Ministry of Finance, Government of Pakistan. Dr. Faraz has also served as Revenue Forecasting Specialist at the Federal Board of Revenue. She has gained a long research experience as a Senior Research Economist at the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE), Ministry of Planning, Development, and Special Initiatives. Dr. Faraz hold Ph.D. Economics from Clark University in Massachusetts, USA, with prestigious Fulbright Scholarship, MPhil, and MSc in Economics from Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.

The second edition of the textbook Enzymes- Catalysis, Kinetics, and Mechanisms focuses on the two broad mechanistic facets of enzymology namely, the chemical and the kinetic. It endeavors to bring out the synergy between enzyme structures and mechanisms. Written with a self-study approach in mind, the emphasis is on how to begin experiments with an enzyme and subsequently analyze the data. The book is divided into six major sections- 1) Enzyme Catalysis - A Perspective, 2) Enzyme Kinetic Practice and Measurements, 3) Elucidation of Kinetic Mechanisms, 4) Chemical Mechanisms and Catalysis, 5) Exploiting Enzymes, and 6) An end piece on Frontiers in Enzymology. The individual concepts are treated as stand-alone short sections. In case the reader needs to use any one concept, it should be possible with minimal cross-referencing to the rest of the book. Further, the book presents specialized techniques and complex approaches that require involved experimentation in theory with suitable references to guide the reader. The book is proposed more as a textbook in a self-learning mode to students of modern biology, particularly those with limited exposure to quantitative aspects and organic chemistry.

Highly informalized cities of the global South are often portrayed as chaotic and out of control - this book reveals a spatial logic of informal urbanism that is central to the economic life and livelihoods of such cities. 'Inventraset' is a concept that shows how informal street vending, transport and settlement are fundamentally integrated with each other and the more formal city. Street vending and transport provide crucial forms of employment and mobility, while informal settlement is the key source of affordable and adaptable housing. Informal urbanism is not ideal but it is the way such cities work; it is often hidden or camouflaged within the ideal of a clean, green and modern city to which middle-classes and elites aspire. Through comparative studies, with a focus on Manila and Jakarta, the book maps and analyzes how such cities work through alliances and synergies between vending, transport and settlement - inventraset assemblages are inventive and transgressive, yet settled.Kim Dovey is Professor of Architecture and Urban Design at the University of Melbourne, where he also Co-Directs the Informal Urbanism Research Hub (InfUr-). Kim is a widely recognized scholar in urban studies, urban design and architecture; authored books include Framing Places (2008), Becoming Places (2010), Urban Design Thinking (2016) and Atlas of Informal Settlement (2023).Redento B. Recio is Associate Professor at the College of Social Work and Community Development, University of the Philippines Diliman. Reden is widely published in leading academic journals in the fields of urban planning, informality, governance and development studies. He also works with grassroots networks and global South scholars in South and Southeast Asia.

This book covers major measure theory topics with a fairly extensive study of their applications to probability and analysis. It begins by demonstrating the essential nature of measure theory before delving into the construction of measures and the development of integration theory. Special attention is given to probability spaces and random variables/vectors. The text then explores product spaces, Radon-Nikodym and Jordan-Hahn theorems, providing a detailed account of ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ spaces and their duals. After revisiting probability theory, it discusses standard limit theorems such as the laws of large numbers and the central limit theorem, with detailed treatment of weak convergence and the role of characteristic functions.The book further explores conditional probabilities and expectations, preceded by motivating discussions. It discusses the construction of probability measures on infinite product spaces, presenting Tulcea's theorem and Kolmogorov's consistency theorem. The text concludes with the construction of Brownian motion, examining its path properties and the significant strong Markov property. This comprehensive guide is invaluable not only for those pursuing probability theory seriously but also for those seeking a robust foundation in measure theory to advance in modern analysis. By effectively motivating readers, it underscores the critical role of measure theory in grasping fundamental probability concepts.

This book provides the first complete English translation of Giulio Aleni's Wanwu Zhenyuan ¿¿¿¿ ('The True Source of the Myriad Things'). Aleni is one of the most important Jesuit missionaries to China, as is evidenced by the fact that he was reverentially called already during his lifetime 'Confucius from the West'. Aleni's work, first published in 1628, offers precious insight into the ways in which he tried to communicate Western philosophical notions to Confucian literati, arguing that only God can be the ultimate source of the world. In our introduction, we situate this work within Aleni's life and analyze the argument of the text. We discuss the Scholastic framework that Aleni uses in his attempt to prove God's existence, as well as his arguments against competing positions from native Chinese philosophical traditions, particularly Neo-Confucianism. We also emphasize the importance that Aleni gives to reason as the best possible means of intercultural communication. Moreover, we have provided numerous annotations to the translation that identify references, provide historical and philosophical contextualization, and otherwise aid in the appreciation and elucidation of the work. This book provides an essential step to render this significant text more accessible to a wider readership interested in Jesuit missionary history and indeed more broadly in cross-cultural dialogue, and it will also serve as a vital tool for future scholarly research on Aleni's oeuvre.Paul K. Hosle has studied Classics and Biblical and Rabbinic Hebrew at Oxford University, Early and Medieval Christianity at the University of Chicago Divinity School, and Chinese Philosophy at Fudan University. Paul is interested in comparative religion and literature and in inter-cultural (especially Confucian-Catholic) religious/philosophical dialogue. He has published many articles on ancient Greek, Latin and Italian poetry as well as on theories of moral formation in the Greco-Roman, Judeo-Christian, and Confucian traditions.Biyun DAI, currently an Assistant Research Fellow at the Faculty of History, Nankai University, received her PhD in Philosophy from Tsinghua University and has studied at the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge, and at Sorbonne University in France. Her research areas are classical thought and medicine, history of religions, and contemporary French philosophy of life.

This open access handbook combines multiple theoretical and practical approaches for enabling a nuanced understanding of the phenomenon of marriage in the Arab world. Adopting a holistic, interdisciplinary approach, it provides a framework for the contextual and macro factors surrounding and affecting marriage in the 22 Arab countries. It looks at the different types of marriage, whether traditional or new to the Arab world, and takes a detailed examination of the dialectic of marriage and age. It considers the dynamics surrounding delayed marriages, early marriages, celibacy, marriage costs, and age gaps between spouses. In addition, it examines marital relations vis-à-vis a diverse array of sub-topics, including marital and emotional satisfaction, and violence. It also looks at the relationship between work and marriage, and explores how 'women's work' affects their family relationships and intimacy. Finally, it offers a rich analysis of two core marriage-related issues in the modern Arab world: migration and its positive/negative impacts on the institution of marriage, and marriage in the context of war and conflict, as present in several areas within the Arab region. A sociological magnum opus for social science students and researchers in areas of gender studies, family studies, the sociology of work, peace and conflict studies, human migration, and economics, it is also relevant to policymakers, politicians, social workers, and human rights and migration activists working in the Arab world.

The rotation of the Sun is a basic parameter which constrains the boundary conditions for the model of the MHD-dynamo mechanisms that generates solar activity. The Sun is a slowly rotating star with a convection zone below the surface which is the site of the solar dynamo. The solar rotation depends on the latitude, depth/height and time, i.e., the Sun rotates differentially. In the book several aspects of the solar rotation are covered. Only in the case of the Sun we can directly observe details in its atmosphere and so measure the rotation velocity using various tracers, which is one of the mostly used methods for rotation determination. So, the Sun is a prototype for studying other stars. Different techniques that enable to determine solar rotation (e.g., tracer method, spectroscopic method, helioseismology) are presented and their results are compared and interpreted.In the current literature there is no book exclusively about solar rotation published in the last several decades. The book is intended for astrophysicists, both professionals as well as students and people interested in science in general. The reader would strongly benefit from the comprehensive description of several topics related to the solar rotation.The authors are highly experienced in teaching astrophysics both to astrophysicists, solar physicists as well as to the public. Therefore, from the didactical point of view the book is written basically as a textbook, so the reader that is not deep within that field can gain an overview. Moreover, for those who want to get deeper into the topics, additional information is given, and recommendations for further literature as well as many citations to recent publications.The reader will get both (i) a general introduction into the topics (ii) overview of recent publications on the topics. Therefore, the book can serve as a textbook but will be also very useful for research and thesis writing, for example.

"Antibiotics and their mechanisms of action" provides a deep and lucid understanding of the mechanisms of action of various antibiotics. The experiments followed to decipher the mechanisms have been explained in great depth, which is a novelty in this textbook. Most undergraduate textbooks on antibiotics place emphasis on their use from the clinician's perspective. Taking penicillin as an example, typical textbooks discuss its discovery, penicillin's ß-lactam derivatives, routes of administration, the diseases and pathogens treated with ß-lactam antibiotics, side effects, and finally the mechanisms of resistance that have evolved against penicillin. No description of how its mechanism of action was deciphered is ever provided. This textbook describes how simple experiments using protoplasts, covalent affinity chromatography, SYPRO Orange binding assays, and X-ray crystallography have all been used to elucidate the mechanism of action of penicillin. Like this, the complicated mechanisms of action of different antibiotics have been presented in simple terms with the help of original illustrations. Chapters 8-10 cover the mechanisms of action of anti-ribosomal antibiotics (tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol). Elucidating the mechanisms of action for these antibiotics requires complex experiments such as ex vivo transcription via a cell-free ribosomal reaction mixture, photolabelling experiments, and sucrose density gradient centrifugation of radiolabelled translation reactants and products. These experiments are conveyed to the reader in the simplest possible language and with easily understandable, appealing illustrations. Finally, the reader is challenged at the end of every chapter with original questions, testing whether hecan apply the concepts he learned in the preceding chapter to research-level problems. This book is written primarily for undergraduate students in microbiology or biotechnology courses to help them develop a simplistic yet comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying antibiotics action. It is believed that this book will prepare the students for PhD level research.

Lyndall Strazdins is a Professor at the Australian National University and an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship.This book is about the urgent need to have time for health. It's about why people don't exercise, rest or eat healthy food even when they know they need to. Time has become the prescription needed to halt chronic diseases, 30 minutes of physical activity every day is a minimum, but this book argues against telling people to do more. It explains why it's not laziness, ignorance or lack of motivation that's the problem for unhealthy lifestyles, and why so many people lack time for their health. The book connects ideas from economics, sociology, political economy and public health to work-family dilemmas, gender and social inequality. It ends by canvassing interventions and actions from the personal, to the workplace, health promotion and urban design.

This handbook addresses issues around urban growth in early India. It provides theoretical and empirical insights from the perspective of the different regions of the subcontinent using various sources. The book chapters discuss how early urban forms evolved, transformed, and survived on the subcontinent, beginning with the third millennium BCE. This volume also looks at how urban space gradually emerged in borderland areas of the subcontinent and hill areas, which throw up relevant issues and questions of how we need to review elements of what we define as 'urban'. It includes chapters on both the early historic and early medieval periods. The book provides a comprehensive view of early India's urban history, insights into metallic money and cities, the origin of cities and waterways, geospatial and remote sensing techniques to reflect on the emergence of historic settlements, and so on. The contributors have presented the dialectical relationship between the city and the country in their chapters. The book covers themes such as the Indus Valley civilization, the rise of cities in the Ganges valley, the cultural setting of the multi-ethnic and multi-lingual Kushan cities, the dynamic of the growth of cities in the ancient Tamilakam, theories of urbanization, archaeological and epigraphic material reflecting on the first cities in different regions of the subcontinent, etc. It is an invaluable resource for students, researchers, and scholars in history, architecture, and archaeology, as well as scholars working on Indic studies.

This book highlights the environmental applications of plant-mediated carbon quantum dots, i.e., detection of heavy metals, sensing of toxic organic compounds, degradation of dyes and other toxic compounds, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, detection of drugs, etc. This book presents the chemistry and mechanism behind the synthesis and various environmental applications of QDs. This book is beneficial for researchers, professionals and students working in the fields of environmental sciences, material engineering, electronics, chemical engineering, biochemical and biomedical engineering, etc. It will be also useful in specialized courses in nanotechnology, green synthesis, Environmental Science & Engineering.

In the era of digital economy with highly-connected world, the ability to comprehend social network computing has become an indispensable skill. This book serves as a vital guide for academics and professionals engaged in research within this rapidly expanding field.The book is organized into three parts, each dedicated to different facets of social network computing. The journey commences with an exploration of foundational principles, encompassing triadic closure, strong and weak ties, network homophily, and positive and negative balance. This lays the groundwork for an in-depth examination of fundamental theories governing social networks. Subsequently, the focus shifts to the laws dictating social networks, elucidating phenomena like the small world effect, power law distribution, community detection, diffusion processes, game theory dynamics, and hypernetworks, also including multiplex networks, multi-mode networks and temporal networks. The final section of the book centers on the practical aspects of social network analysis, delving into topics such as link prediction, influence evaluation, dynamic analysis, random experiments, modeling and simulation, and representation learning. This provides a comprehensive exploration of the applicability of social network analysis in real-world scenarios.This book seamlessly integrates theory with practice by incorporating popular social network computing software, including igraph, Gephi, Ucinet, and Netlogo. By mastering the computational thinking methods presented in this book, readers will deepen their understanding of social network computing and acquire the skills to effectively apply it in various real-world contexts.

This comprehensive introductory textbook is designed for undergraduate mathematics students who are interested in gaining an in-depth understanding of fuzzy mathematics and its applications. The book covers a wide range of topics, including fuzzy linear equations, fuzzy graphs, fuzzy measures, fuzzy logic, fuzzy topological spaces, fuzzy subgroups, as well as applications of fuzzy mathematics in various other fields. While readers are assumed to be familiar with the concept of fuzzy sets, the book maintains a clear and straightforward approach that makes it easy to follow for students at any level of proficiency. The advanced content is presented in an insightful and accessible manner, empowering students to apply the concepts they learn to real-world problems and applications. Enriched with over 105 solved examples, 133 challenging problems, 185 multiple-choice questions, and 150 true/false statements, this book is an ideal tool for beginners seeking to gain a solid foundation in fuzzy mathematics and its applications. Whether you are studying independently or as part of a classroom setting, this book provides a valuable resource that will help you achieve your goals.

This book explores the interplay of Western European exploration and trade, with collecting, cabinets of curiosities and museums, and with the role of booty and plunder in the building of empires from ca.1600 until the end of the 19th century. The book focuses principally on the Dutch, English, Spanish, French and Italian at different times of their colonial power over the course of these 300 years. The achievements of exploration and trade provide the basis for these countries and both the state and individuals to build collections and museums. This involved governments to legitimize the pursuit of booty and subsequently looting whether by themselves, members of the ruling class or privateers. Throughout much of this period, there those who stood up and challenged such practices, passing laws to criminalize, curtail or contain these activities. By the late 18th century, these parallel but disparate activities converged. It was era of Napoleon and his imperial ambitions that drew these disparate activities together, with his support of intellectual inquiry alongside military plunder and collecting. This served as a symbol of imperial power of the French empire that, alongside England and Italy, exploited the wealth and riches of Egypt, India, and China. Charles Merewether, born in Edinburgh, received his BA (literature) and PhD in art history at the University of Sydney. He taught European modernism at the Universities of Sydney (1981-84), Universidad Iberoeramericana, Mexico City (1986-88), and Universidad Autonoma in Barcelona. He received a research fellowship from Yale University (1991), was Inaugural Curator for the Museo de Arte Contemporaneo de Monterrey, Mexico, (1991-1994), Curator at the Research Institute, Getty Center, Los Angeles (1994-2003) and taught at the University of Southern California. He was Artistic Director of the Sydney Biennale (2004-2006), Deputy Director of the Cultural District, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi (2007), Director of the Institute of Contemporary Arts, Singapore, (2010-2013), Visiting Professor at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (2014) and Baptist University, Hong Kong (2015). He was Curator of Contemporary Art, National Art Museum in Tbilisi, Georgia (2016-2019). His books include: In the Sphere of the Soviets (2021), State of Play: Art in Georgia 1985-2000  (2017), After Memory: The Art of Milenko Prvacki (2013) and Under Construction: Ai Weiwei (2008), He was co-editor of After the Event (2010), editor of both Art, Anti-Art, Non-Art: Experimentations in the Public Sphere in Postwar Japan 1950-1970, (2007) and The Archive (2006).