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This 2-volume set constitutes the proceedings of the 6th EAI International Conference on 6GN for Future Wireless Networks, 6GN 2023, held in Shanghai, China, in October 7-8, 2023. The 60 full papers were selected from 151 submissions and present the state of the art and practical applications of 6G technologies. The papers are arranged thematically in tracks as follows: intelligent systems; big data mining, D2D communication, security and privacy for 6G networks; artificial intelligent techniques for 6G networks; power and energy systems I; power and energy system; power and energy systems; image, video, and signal processing; image, video, and signal processing & software engineering; communications systems and networking & control and automation systems; computer systems and applications.
This 2-volume set constitutes the proceedings of the 6th EAI International Conference on 6GN for Future Wireless Networks, 6GN 2023, held in Shanghai, China, in October 7-8, 2023.The 60 full papers were selected from 151 submissions and present the state of the art and practical applications of 6G technologies. The papers are arranged thematically in tracks as follows: intelligent systems; big data mining, D2D communication, security and privacy for 6G networks; artificial intelligent techniques for 6G networks; power and energy systems I; power and energy system; power and energy systems; image, video, and signal processing; image, video, and signal processing & software engineering; communications systems and networking & control and automation systems; computer systems and applications.
This open access book celebrates the decennial of the Department of Industrial Engineering of Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy. It covers the main research achievements developed at the department in the fields of aerospace, marine, energy, statistical, mechanical and management engineering. Five pre-existing departments merged in 2013, and the research results are here summarized to certify how important it was to join skills, expertise, and projects. The industrial engineering area is huge, but it is now dominated by the need to conceive and analyze new solutions, human and climate oriented to face with the actual challenges which dictate the new paradigm, which evolved from "is it feasible?" to "is it compatible with the environment and the human beings?". There is still a lot to do, but the contents of this book demonstrate that the first steps have been done. All the researchers of the department have contributed to this book, more than 140 authors, and thus, it is the collective outcome of the path they were able to perform all together, including administrative officers and technicians. It highlights the international relevance and multidisciplinarity of research at the university as well as the planned research lines for the next years.
This book gathers peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 1st Interdisciplinary Symposium on Smart & Sustainable Infrastructure (ISSSI), held in Vancouver, BC, Canada, on September 4-8, 2023, and affiliated with the 77th RILEM Annual Week 2023. Aiming at creating an environment of mutual cooperation between experts in materials and structures, it covers topics such as sensors, IoT, and structural health monitoring, AI and machine learning, data analytics for infrastructure management, nanotechnology, additive manufacturing, smart and bioinspired materials, durability of materials and structures, resilience to earthquakes, floods, fire and blast, carbon reduction in construction and operations, and sustainable ultra-high performance materials. The contributions, which were selected through a rigorous international peer-review process, share exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster new multidisciplinary collaborations.
We are currently witnessing a significant transformation in the development of education on all levels and especially in post-secondary education. To face these challenges, higher education must find innovative and effective ways to respond in a proper way. The pandemic period left us with profound changes in the way we teach and learn, including the massive use of new means of communication, such as videoconferencing and other technological tools. Moreover, the current explosion of artificial intelligence tools, mainly used by students, is challenging teaching practices maintained for centuries. Scientifically based statements as well as excellent best practice examples are absolutely necessary.The 26th International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL2023), which will take place in Madrid, Spain, between 26th and 30th September 2023, will be the perfect place where to present and discuss current trends in Higher Education.Since its beginning in 1998 this conference is devoted to new approaches in learning with a focus on collaborative learning in Higher Education. Nowadays the ICL conferences are a forum of the exchange of relevant trends and research results as well as the presentation of practical experiences in Learning and Engineering Pedagogy. In this way we try to bridge the gap between ¿pure¿ scientific research and the everyday work of educators.
This book is a collection of papers presented at the 14th International Conference on the Mechanical Behavior of Materials (ICM-14) held in Santiago, Chile, July 12-14, 2023. The mechanical properties of materials play a critical role in industrial and economic development. Advances in this field present significant challenges for current researchers in both industry and academia. The topics covered include mechanics of materials at the nano- and macro-scale, including metals, composites, ceramics, computational mechanics, dynamics, material processing, optimization, and biomechanics. The scope of materials of interest includes both industrial materials and those under development or used in specific applications. Some specific subjects include general mechanical behavior and constitutive models, mathematical modeling of materials, nano- and micro-mechanics, plasticity, computational mechanics, computational materials design, optimization of structures and materials, multi-scale modeling, and various specific materials such as biomaterials, high-temperature materials, and composites.
This book contains revised selected papers from the 30th International Conference on Selected Areas in Cryptography, SAC 2023, held in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, in August 2023.The 21full papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 45 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Cryptanalysis of Lightweight Ciphers; Side-Channel Attacks and Countermeasures; Post-Quantum Constructions; Symmetric cryptography and fault attacks; Post-Quantum Analysis and Implementations; Homomorphic encryption; Public-Key Cryptography; and Differential Cryptanalysis.
Enterprise ontology is one of the conceptual pillars of enterprise engineering, next to enterprise design and enterprise governance, together accomplishing the goals of intellectual manageability, organisational concinnity and social devotion. By revealing the essence of an enterprise¿s organisation, enterprise ontology addresses business processes, data and rules in a fundamental and truly integrated way. In addition, it provides deep insight into and broad overview over complex organisational transformations.The book is divided into three parts. Part I is an introduction in enterprise engineering and enterprise ontology. Part II explores the theories underlying enterprise ontology, explaining the foundations of each theory, the elaborations in practical methods and techniques, and the relationships with other comparable approaches. Part III presents the practical application of the theories. It includes a comprehensive summary of the DEMO methodology and the DEMO specification language, as well as exercises and applications of DEMO in various business areas. It also features a chapter on combining DEMO with comparable approaches to modelling business processes, data and rules, to the benefit of the latter. This second edition comprises two major improvements, driven by increased theoretical precision and further practical experience with DEMO. One is the clear separation between documents or data sets and the files that carry them, the other one is the re-positioning of the input data in the action rules.Discussing the theoretical foundations of enterprise ontology and its practical applications in equal measure, this book is the principal textbook in courses on enterprise engineering. Since it unites elements from management science and information systems engineering, it is also relevant to students and professionals in either field.
This book provides modeling, analysis, and control methods for wideband oscillations caused by control interactions in converter-dominated power systems. The modern power system comprises power electronic devices in various forms, including wind turbines, photovoltaics, flexible AC/DC transmission systems, battery energy storage systems, and distributed generations, among others. Unstable oscillation modes can cause equipment damage, sudden power reduction, noise in power transformers, and degradation of power quality. Wideband oscillation seriously threatens the stable and reliable operation of wind power systems. The interaction mechanism becomes more complex due to system-wide factors such as network topology, grid strength, input resource intermittency, converter control parameters, and the output levels of renewable generators. This complexity presents a significant challenge in studying the intricate control interaction phenomena and deriving appropriate countermeasures. The book is beneficial for industry professionals, engineers, and academic researchers working on power systems in general, and specifically on power electronic converters.
This book provides an in-depth understanding of the classification, toxicity, fate, degradation, and future orientation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in aquatic systems. It presents a concise but comprehensive coverage of the biochemical and toxicologic effects of POPs in marine environments to address how to curb their negative impacts on a global scale. The impacts of climate change on emissions and the fate of POPs are highlighted, as are collection protocols and exposure mechanisms. The key processes that controlled POP's fate, including air-sea exchange, ocean currents, phase distribution, and degradation, are reported. A literature review of polluted aquatic sites is illustrated to accurately measure POP fate, bioaccumulation, remediation, and future preventative measures for improved human and environmental safety. To account for the environmental fate and predict the annual contribution rate of POPs, a "Dynamic Multiple Box Multimedia Fate Model" and a "Temporal-Dynamic Model" were illustrated. A "bibliometric analysis," which reported the trends in the Dirty Dozen in Africa (1949-2021), is highlighted. Many protocols that limit POP emissions are addressed. This included creating or updating national laws and regulations pertaining to POPs and their waste. The book will be useful for students and researchers interested in POPs and pollution in marine environments, as well as agencies engaged in aquatic pollution remediation at local and global scales.
Africa is the leading region in the world in the expansion of mobile money transactions, according to Global Findex. The book presents several significant themes and African states' efforts to address the political and economic factors influencing budget allocation to women-oriented programmes and projects in African communities. The book further investigates the impact of gender-responsive budgeting on women's empowerment and gender equality in these communities. The findings intend to analyse the effectiveness of the countries' approaches and share lessons that different African economies, whether currently booming or struggling, can enhance or implement toward gender budgeting response at all structural levels. Gender budgeting is an important tool in response to the growth and development of the economy. The themes identified will guide gender budgeting response, and how gender is incorporated into these approaches (if at all). The main objective of this volumeis to understand different processes of gender budgeting in response to gender issues at a national level. And to help encourage reflection on what lessons could be learnt between states and what factors cause divergence in multilateral settings so that they can be understood and hopefully addressed.
This volume presents a collection of cases that examine the status of financial inclusion for women across a variety of states in the African continent. The book uses a qualitative research method and presents both primary to secondary data to narrate the impact of gender-responsive budgeting on women's empowerment and gender equality in these communities. The chapters present the analysis of the effectiveness of African state' approaches and share lessons that different African economies, whether currently booming or struggling, can enhance or implement toward the financial inclusion and gender budgeting response at all structural levels. The main objectives of this volume are to understand different processes for financial inclusion to gender issues at a national level and to help encourage reflection on what lessons could be learned between states and what factors cause divergence in multilateral settings so that they can be understood and addressed.
This book is an insightful introduction to the pressing issues surrounding the climate emergency. The book proposes a set of principles of action, which prioritize technological solutions classified in descending order of carbon density. The book highlights the urgent need to decarbonize industrial sites, as they are the primary sources of carbon emissions. It presents a rational approach to limiting emissions by improving the operational efficiency of industrial processes, electrification, and substitution of fossil fuels with carbon-free energy vectors such as hydrogen or ammonia. The book also describes processes for carbon capture, sequestration in the subsoil, and recovery through industrial products. To demonstrate the application of these principles in difficult-to-decarbonize industrial segments, the book uses the industrial transport industry as an example. It also addresses the decarbonization of individual uses, such as electric cars for individual transport and heat pumps for individual heating. The book concludes by discussing the capture of carbon directly from the atmosphere. It presents a comprehensive view of decarbonization technology, providing readers with a clear understanding of the technological basis required to develop any decarbonization roadmap. The book takes a scientific and engineering approach, trying to avoid any ideological or apocalyptic stance sometimes associated with the topic. The reader is left with a logical and realistic perspective of decarbonization, taking into account scientific and economic logic and orders of magnitude.
This edited volume documents research on mathematical modelling education, before, during, and after the Covid 19 pandemic. Mathematical modelling is essential for understanding natural and human generated phenomena, and informs decision-making about events such as the pandemic, climate change, and other disruptive events. Communication to the public, often by the media, makes use of mathematical modelling to justify changes to public policy, as seen during the COVID-19 crisis. Consequently, mathematical modelling has assumed an increasingly prominent role in curricula internationally, providing opportunities to understand how it is used in current circumstances and to plan for the needs of future societies. This book focuses on research on mathematical modelling education and its implementation at school and tertiary level. Contributions to the book and point to directions for further innovation in mathematical modelling education.Authors of this volume are members of the International Community of Teachers of Mathematical Modelling, the peak research body for the teaching and learning of mathematical modelling.
This book offers an in-depth overview of digital resilience, defined as the ability of individuals, organizations, and societies to adapt to and counter various digital threats such as cyberattacks, data breaches, and other forms of cyber threats. Digital resilience not only enables proactive measures but also ensures fault-tolerant planning and design. The book elaborates on the necessary techniques and methods to achieve digital resilience. Key methodologies, including quantum computing, post-quantum cryptography, nature-inspired cybersecurity, zero-trust systems, zero-knowledge proofs, multi-party computation, and the emerging field of space security, are discussed in detail. The book provides insights into artificial intelligence and machine learning, examining their impact on society and organizations. It critically analyses the role of cybersecurity in businesses, emphasizing its importance for safety and economic stability. In addition, the book discusses notable cyber incidents, offering valuable insights into digital resilience. It serves as a comprehensive compilation, featuring key terms, definitions, case studies, and references to existing literature and research in cybersecurity, analytics, information sciences, future computing, digital resilience, and related fields.
The book reports state-of-the-art results in Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing in both printed and electronic form. This book presents original papers on both theory and practice that address foundations, state-of-the-art problems and solutions, and crucial challenges.
Soil is a complex system of inorganic and organic materials, living organisms, water, and air. It is home to more than one trillion species of microorganisms. Soil also plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Because plants absorb carbon from the atmosphere, convert it to plant tissue, and return it to the soil as plant residue, soils globally act as the world's largest sink of active carbon. Soil has role to play in food production and safety. Soil contamination undermined by modern agricultural practices that deplete soil carbon stocks. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have been raising recorded temperatures since the Industrial Revolution. Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forestry, and fisheries have almost doubled in the last 50 years and will increase by 30% by 2050 given the current trend. The primacy of arresting climate change is nowhere more evident than the adoption of 195 countries of the first legally binding global climate deal at the Paris Climate Conference in 2015. With atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) reaching 400 parts per million in 2016, soils can be an ally in bringing the CO2 level down to a sustainable level if protected for regeneration. Soil protection and regeneration is a technique that involves the conservative rehabilitation of soil ecosystem and farmland. This technique focuses on top soil regeneration, improving the water cycle, supporting biosequestration, enhancing ecosystem services, increasing biodiversity, strengthening the vitality and health of farm soil, and increasing resilience to climate change and landscape. Environmental protection not only improves soil health, productivity, and resilience to weather extremes, raising farm yields and income while strengthening regional food security in the face of a changing climate, but can also form part of a region's broader climate strategy. This book is timely as more studies and reviews need to be reported about regenerating global polluted soil and the impacts on the environment, the benefit of both biotic and abiotic structure, thereby creating more awareness of environmental protection and sustainability. Thus, this book presents a vista to research on regeneration of lost resources in the soil and its impacts on the environment.
This book discusses climate change from an academic point of view centered on and from Latin America. Although climate change is a global issue, there has been a notable lack of input from the Latin American perspective, which means that many Latin American intellectuals often bring ideas, tools and potential solutions proposed by external, international research centers or organizations to the region. This book embraces a Latin American viewpoint to critically engage the problem and many of the concepts used in the analysis of climate change.The text emphasizes heterogeneity as an essential factor that cannot be absent in the analysis of how to understand and face the challenges posed by climate change. This heterogeneity refers not only to the magnitude of the impact that different regions will experience (including in their productive activities, ecosystems and social groups), but also to their contexts and capacities. Different countries' and regions' historical accumulated emissions--the primary cause of the current atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases--can inform current responsibilities, and their diverse productive structures will also contribute to different baselines in energy, agriculture and other sectors. Asymmetries in economic, technological and political capacities to face climate-related challenges will influence the social and economic costs of potential adaptation and mitigation measures.Using this conceptual approach, the book focuses on some of the main climate change-linked impacts expected in the region, such as effects on semi-arid ecosystems, and feasible, sector-specific adaptation measures. Furthermore, it contextualizes mitigation measures that appear on the international agenda (including the utilization of economic instruments to flexibilize the fulfillment of climate commitments) in the Latin American region.Socioeconomic and Geopolitical Aspects of Global Climate Change: An Intersectorial Vision from the South of the South offers socioeconomic and geopolitical analysis from the perspective of a region that is going to suffer impacts disproportionately greater than its historical and current responsibility in triggering this global environmental threat.
This book convenes peer-reviewed, selected papers presented at the Tenth International Conference New Trends in the Applications of Differential Equations in Sciences (NTADES) held in Saints Constantine and Helena, Bulgaria, July 17-20, 2023. Contributions are devoted to many applications of differential equations in different fields of science. A number of phenomena in nature (physics, chemistry, biology) and in society (economics) result in problems leading to the study of linear and nonlinear differential equations, stochastic equations, statistics, analysis, numerical analysis, optimization, and more. The main topics are presented in the five parts of the book - applications in mathematical physics, mathematical biology, financial mathematics, neuroscience, and fractional analysis.In this volume, the reader will find a wide range of problems concerning recent achievements in both theoretical and applied mathematics. The main goal is to promote the exchange of new ideas and research between scientists, who develop and study differential equations, and researchers, who apply them to solve real-life problems. The book promotes basic research in mathematics leading to new methods and techniques useful for applications of differential equations.
Navigating the forefront of smart grid technology, the book, "Robust Control Strategies for Power Electronics in Smart Grid Applications," delves into innovative approaches, offering a fresh perspective on how to address the dynamic challenges in this field. With a focus on robust control strategies, the book provides a comprehensive exploration of diverse power converter configurations, presenting novel solutions for achieving optimal efficiency and performance in smart grid applications.
This book is based on a study of referees' reports and letters from journal editors on reasons why papers written by non-native researchers are rejected due to problems with English (long sentences, redundancy, poor structure etc.).The exercises in this new edition are organized into twelve chapters on: punctuation and spellingword orderwriting short sentences and paragraphslink words - connecting phrases and sentences togetherbeing concise and removing redundancyambiguity and political correctnessparaphrasing and avoiding plagiarismdefining, comparing, evaluating and highlightinganticipating possible objections, indicating level of certainty, discussing limitations, hedging, future workusing Large Language Models for writing papers, emails and presentation scriptsSome exercises require no actual writing but simply choosing between various options. In those exercises where extended writing is required, model answers are given.The exercises can also be integrated into English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Special Purposes (ESP) courses at universities and research institutes.The book can be used in conjunction with the other exercise books in the series and is cross-referenced to: English for Research: Usage, Style, and Grammar English for Writing Research PapersEnglish for Academic Research: Grammar Exercises English for Academic Research: Teacher's GuideAdrian Wallwork edits scientific papers and teaches English for Academic Purposes (EAP) to PhD students. In addition to his many books for Springer, he has written course books for Oxford University Press and discussion books for Cambridge University Press.
This book is based on a study of referees' reports and letters from journal editors on reasons why papers written by non-native researchers are rejected due to problems with English (long sentences, redundancy, poor structure etc.). It draws on English-related errors from around 5000 papers written by non-native authors, around 3000 emails, 500 abstracts by PhD students, and over 1500 hours of teaching researchers how to write and present research papers. The exercises are organized into thirteen chapters on: adjectives and adverbs (e.g. actual vs current, different vs several, continually vs continuously), link words (e.g. on the contrary vs on the other hand, despite vs nevertheless), nouns (e.g. danger vs hazard, measure vs measurement), prepositions (e.g. among vs between, in vs into, with vs within), verbs (e.g. check vs control, compose vs comprise, arise vs raise, exclude vs rule out), false friends and synonyms, spelling, useful phrases, inclusive vocabulary, emails, using Large Language Models for correcting, paraphrasing, and translating.Nearly all exercises require no actual writing but simply choosing between various options, thus facilitating self-study, e-reading and rapid progress.The exercises can also be integrated into English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Special Purposes (ESP) courses at universities and research institutes.The book can be used in conjunction with the other exercise books in the series: English for Academic Research: Writing ExercisesEnglish for Academic Research: Grammar ExercisesAdrian Wallwork edits scientific papers and teaches English for Academic Purposes (EAP) to PhD students. In addition to his many books for Springer, he has written course books for Oxford University Press and discussion books for Cambridge University Press.
This book is based on a study of referees' reports and letters from journal editors on reasons why papers written by non-native researchers are rejected due to problems with English grammar. The exercises include the following areas: active vs passive, use of we articles (a/an, the, zero) and quantifiers (some, any, few etc.) conditionals and modals countable and uncountable nouns genitive infinitive vs -ing form numbers, acronyms, abbreviations relative clauses and which vs that tenses (e.g. simple present, simple past, present perfect) word order This new edition includes exercises on using Large Language Models for generating and correcting emails, plus a separate chapter on using automatic translation. English for Academic Research: Grammar Exercises is designed for self-study and there is a key to all exercises. Most exercises require no actual writing but simply choosing between various options, thus facilitating e-reading and rapid progress. The exercises can also be integrated into English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Special Purposes (ESP) courses at universities and research institutes. The book can be used in conjunction with the other exercise books in the series and is cross-referenced to: English for Research: Usage, Style, and GrammarEnglish for Writing Research PapersEnglish for Academic Correspondence and Socializing Adrian Wallwork edits scientific papers and teaches English for Academic Purposes (EAP) to PhD students. In addition to his many books for Springer, he has written course books for Oxford University Press and discussion books for Cambridge University Press.
The aim of this unique book is to discuss the ¿nexus¿ or vital connection between nursing and prevention of harm to patients. The meaning of ¿nexus¿ is connection and connotes a most central or most important point in time or place. Now, is the most important time to highlight how nurses as leaders affect patient safety every minute of every day in the current nursing practice environment. The contemporary safety literature messages nursing adherence to principles of patient safety is required to achieve sustainable and safer healthcare systems; meaning nurses should detect and prevent errors. This message is not helpful to nurses as they strive to lead, understand what patient safety is and how to implement safety strategies in the practice environment. The book will address this gap by providing nurses an understanding of patient safety and application of its concepts to clinical nursing practice. The book is structured as four parts: Part I provides foundations of patient safety; Part II describes nursing¿s role in patient safety; Part III illustrates patient safety at the frontline; and Part IV explains resilience, healing and moving forward. Practical case study examples with implementation strategies (how to) will be provided that highlight key safety practices inherent to nursing that prevent patient harm including effective monitoring, leadership, communication, identification of near misses, and learning from error along with cultural and organizational factors that promote and maintain safety activities by nursing.Nurses produce safety by providing a strong layer of defence between error and patient harm. The discipline of nursing is the cornerstone of safety in the complex place of healthcare. The intended audience is front line nursing staff; nurse leaders; nurses working in quality, patient safety and risk management; advance practice nurses and nurse educators. The professional nurse who reads this book will read with the desire to learn more about the connection of nursing, nursing practice and patient safety.
This open access volume compiles student reports from the 2023 Simula Summer School in Computational Physiology. The reports provide an overview of some tools available to model physiology in excitable tissues across scales and scientific questions. In 2023, Simula held the nineth annual Summer School in Computational Physiology in collaboration with the University of Oslo (UiO) and the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Each year, the course focuses on modeling excitable tissues, with a special interest in cardiac physiology and neuroscience. Group research projects conducted by graduate students from around the world result in reports addressing problems of physiological importance. Reports may not necessarily represent new scientific results; rather, they can reproduce or supplement earlier studies.Reports from seven of the summer projects are included as separate chapters. The topics represented include multiscale mechanics, electrophysiology, pharmacology, and machine learning. This is an open access book.
This textbook offers a basic understanding of aquatic ecotoxicology from molecular to physiological levels for graduate and advanced undergraduate students. The book covers the guidelines and lab protocols used by international organizations for ecotoxicology studies, and discusses the challenges faced by aquatic organisms in a changing climate from an ecotoxicological perspective. Readers will learn about pollutants, contaminants and chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in aquatic environments, their impacts on environmental and human health, and what techniques can be used to curb and control their adverse impacts. The book will be useful for students in aquatic ecotoxicology, environmental pollution and marine biochemistry.
In times of crisis, risk management is more important than ever. In addition, companies are obliged to identify, quantify and aggregate risks as part of a risk management system. Legal and auditing standards have set the framework for doing so. This book uses a case study to show 'step by step' how risks can be analyzed and quantified with the help of Microsoft Excel. The book begins with the graphical representation of risks and the calculation of risk parameters such as the value at risk. It subsequently aggregates different risks into an overall risk using Monte Carlo simulation. Hedging risks is also explained, and how non-hedgeable risks can be integrated into a business plan. The assessment of extreme risks is also addressed, as is the modeling of volatilities. The book is aimed at students of business administration with a focus on finance.
This book provides the basic concepts of electronic digital communication, applied to professional practice in communications engineering. The book begins with basic concepts of information theory and explains the need for digital communications, continuing with the basic schemes of digital communication prior to multiplexing, which applies to current digital communication networks, such as LTE, 5G and 6G. The book is intended for researchers, professionals, and second-year students of electrical engineering, electronics or telecommunications. It can also be useful to students in computer science, engineering physics or other disciplines who develop projects involving electronic communication systems.
The authors propose a novel measure of proximity between two sets of nominal elements. This measure describes the changes in the first set after adding the second set or changes in the second set after adding the first set.It is crucial to note that this measure is not symmetric, it means that the perturbation of the first set on the second set can be different than the perturbation of the opposition direction. The introduced set impact measure allows for the direct treatment of objects described by nominal-valued attributes. The ordinary sets, multisets, fuzzy sets, and the intuitionistic fuzzy sets are considered. The book is intended for data science professionals, philosophers as well as cognitive psychologists, who struggle with practical problems in which asymmetry of proximity of objects cannot be neglected. The use of the proposed measures of perturbation between compared objects can be very important in data mining or in exploration of Internetresources.
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